RU2454585C2 - Locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: radial threaded hole and annular groove is made in housing of the device, and threaded sealing cup, housing of actuator with control levers, with protective sleeve and stock are installed. Stock is connected to plunger through trapezoidal slot. Rectangular slot is made on external surface of plunger, and inner spherical segment is made on the end. Annular tight chambers are located on one side in housing channel, restricted with inner diameter of channel and external surface of support sleeve. Sealed spherical segment is made on the end of support sleeve. Cross-over sleeve with tight chamber and ribs is installed on opposite side through projection in housing groove. Seats are made on ribs. The appropriate seats are arranged in housing groove and pins are installed, and end of cross-over sleeve is provided with spherical surface and projection. Sphere is located between support and cross-over sleeves. Tight chamber is made in sphere. Projection of cross-over sleeve interacts with plunger through rectangular slot, and sphere interacts with inner spherical segment of plunger at rotation of control levers so that sphere can interact with sealed spherical segment of support sleeve with possibility both of forced shutoff of inlet channel of hydraulic connection, and interaction of sphere with spherical surface of cross-over sleeve or with sealed spherical segment of support sleeve when direction of pumped medium flow changes to close or open the channels of hydraulic connection in automatic mode at operation of the locking device. For convenience of assembly and removal of the locking device the central channel of hydraulic connection is eccentric relative to housing axis.

EFFECT: improving reliability, reducing element base of the device design, enlarging service life, reducing hydroabrasive wear and improving corrosion resistance.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mining, in particular to the oil and gas industry, and can be used in wellhead equipment for oil and gas wells, in the operation of oil pipelines, water pipelines, gas pipelines.

Known locking devices [RU No. 2261389 C2, class. F16K 3/26, 09/27/2005, RU No. 94041194 A1, cl. F16K 3/24, 09/20/1996], containing housings, locking elements, actuator, flange connection elements.

The disadvantages of the known locking devices are the design complexity due to the large elemental base, complexity in the manufacturing process and, as a rule, unreliability during operation.

A known locking device [RU 2351830 C2, class. F16K 1/12, F16K 31/52, 04/10/2009]], comprising a housing, a ring in the undercut of the housing with a sealed conical surface, a plug with a corresponding sealing surface, an eccentric drive, an overflow sleeve.

The disadvantages of the known locking device are limited functionality, design complexity due to the large element base, low technology, unreliable operation, especially at low ambient temperatures in the winter at oil and gas fields of the Russian Federation.

The technical problem of the invention consists in the possibility of using a shut-off device both in its functional purpose and as a non-return valve during emergency stops, using the pressure drops before and after the shut-off device and changing the direction of movement of the pumped medium, for example, in hydraulic systems, in pipelines, in wellhead equipment, in addition to the foregoing, the technical objective of the invention is to increase reliability, reduce the elemental base of the design of the shut-off device, Reduction of the service life, especially in high-pressure systems and at negative ambient temperatures in winter when ice is formed in the hydraulic communication channels of shut-off devices, a decrease in hydroabrasive wear at high speeds of the pumped medium, and an increase in the corrosion resistance of structural elements of the shut-off device, determining its operability and reliability , ease of maintenance during operation, ensuring maintainability and competitiveness.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the locking device containing the housing, a ring in the undercut of the housing with a sealed conical surface, a plug with a corresponding sealing surface, an eccentric drive, an overflow sleeve, characterized in that a radial threaded hole and an annular groove are made in the housing and a threaded sealing is installed cuff, actuator housing with control levers, with a protective sleeve and stem, the stem through a trapezoidal groove connected to the plunger, on the outer surface of the plunger a rectangular groove is made, and at the end there is an inner spherical segment, on the one hand there are annular hermetic chambers in the housing channel, limited by the internal diameter of the channel and the outer surface of the support sleeve, a sealed ball belt is made on the end of the support sleeve, from the opposite side through the ledge in the undercut of the housing the bypass sleeve with a sealed chamber and ribs, nests are made on the ribs, the corresponding nests are placed in the undercut of the housing and pins are installed, and at the end the bypass sleeve has a sph a ball and a protrusion, while a ball is located between the support and bypass bushings, a sealed chamber is made in the ball, and the protrusion of the bypass sleeve interacts with the plunger through a rectangular groove, and the ball with the inner ball segment of the plunger when the control levers rotate to interact with the ball with a sealed ball girdle supporting sleeve with the possibility of both forced closure of the input channel of the hydraulic connection, and the interaction of the ball with the spherical surface of the bypass sleeve or with a sealed with a ball belt of the support sleeve when changing the flow direction of the pumped medium to close or open the hydraulic communication channels in automatic mode when the shut-off device is used.

For ease of assembly and disassembly of the shut-off device, the central channel of hydraulic communication is made eccentrically relative to the axis of the housing.

Figure 1 shows the locking device in the open position under the pressure of the pumped medium (for example, an oil and gas producing well in operation).

Figure 2 shows the locking device in the closed position under pressure changes in the movement of the medium (for example, emergency shutdown of oil and gas wells).

Figure 3 shows the locking device in the forced closure mode as a result of rotation of the control levers (for example, maintenance of an oil and gas well).

Figure 4 shows the provision of tightness with a threaded sealing collar of a threaded connection of the drive housing with the housing of the locking device.

Figure 5 shows a section aa in figure 3.

Figure 6 shows a section bB in figure 1.

The locking device contains:

building 1,

ball 2

inner diameter 3 in the channel of the housing 1,

support sleeve 4,

the outer surface 5 of the support sleeve 4,

annular tight chambers 6 in the housing 1,

the input channel of the hydraulic connection 7 in the supporting sleeve 4,

locking bolt 8,

a radial threaded hole 9 made in the housing 1,

drive housing 10,

internal thread 11 made in the drive housing 10,

control levers 12,

fixing screw 13,

stock 14,

seals 15 of the rod 14,

plunger 16,

a trapezoidal groove 17 made in the plunger 16,

protective sleeve 18,

screw threaded 19,

the outer surface 20 of the plunger 16,

a rectangular groove 21 made on the outer surface 20

plunger 16,

an annular groove 22 made in the radial threaded hole 9,

threaded sealing sleeve 23,

clamping nut 24,

a recess 25 made in the housing 1,

bypass sleeve 26,

output channels 27 of hydraulic communication, made in the bypass sleeve 26,

ledge 28,

the Central channel 29 of hydraulic communication, made with an eccentricity Δ

relative to the axis of the housing 1,

end face 30 of the bypass sleeve 26,

spherical abutment surface 31 made at end face 30

bypass sleeve 26,

gaskets 32,

nests 33, made on the recess 25 of the housing 1,

ribs 34 of the bypass sleeve 26,

a sealed chamber 35 made in the ball 2,

end face 36 of the support sleeve 4,

ball sealed belt 37, made at the end face 36 of the support sleeve 4,

cork 38,

end 39 of plunger 16,

the inner ball segment 40, made at the end face 39 of the plunger 16,

nests 41 made on the ribs 34 of the bypass sleeve 26,

a protrusion 42 made at the end 30 of the bypass sleeve 26,

pins 43,

cork 44,

a sealed chamber 45 made in the bypass sleeve 26.

In a static position, for example, during assembly, the elements of the locking device interact as follows.

The rod 14 with seals 15 is screwed into the drive housing 10 through the internal thread 11.

The protective sleeve 18 is put on the drive housing 10.

In turn, the control levers 12 are installed on the rod 10 and are fixed with a screw 13.

In the annular groove 22, made in the radial threaded hole 9 of the housing 1, is installed a threaded sealing sleeve 23.

The drive housing 10 is screwed into the radial threaded hole 9 through the threaded sealing sleeve 23 assembled with the stem 14, the protective sleeve 18, the control levers 12 and the fixing screw 13 and fixed with a locking bolt 8.

Through the recess 25, made in the housing 1, a plunger 16 is inserted and connected through a trapezoidal groove 17 with the rod 14 in the Central channel 29 of hydraulic communication, made with an eccentricity Δ relative to the housing 1 (figure 1).

Moreover, the presence of an eccentric channel 29 provides ease of assembly and disassembly of structural elements of the locking device.

After connecting the plunger 16 with the rod 14 by rotation of the control levers 12, the plunger is lifted up in the drive housing, releasing the Central channel 29 of hydraulic communication for further assembly.

The bypass sleeve 26 through the ledge 28 is inserted into the recess 25, made in the housing 1.

In this case, a rectangular groove 21, made on the surface 20 of the plunger 16, is combined with a protrusion 42 made on the end face 30 of the bypass sleeve 26, and in the slots 33, made on the undercut 25 of the housing 1, combined with the socket 41 and made on the ribs 34 of the bypass sleeve 26 pins 43 are installed.

The pressure nut 24 bypass sleeve 26 through the ribs 34 is pressed to the ledge 28 and at the same time fix the pins 43.

Ball 2 through the inner diameter 3 of the channel in the housing 1 is installed in the Central channel 29 of hydraulic communication.

In turn, the support sleeve 4 through the threaded connection is installed in the housing 1, forming an annular tight chamber 6 between the inner diameter 3 in the channel of the housing 1 and the outer surface 5 of the support sleeve 4.

The shut-off device, for example, is installed through gaskets 32 to an oil and gas producing well, or to an injection well, or to a pipeline in front of the injection pump at the cluster pump or in front of the compressor at the compressor stations.

In the dynamic position, the locking device operates as follows.

When the fluid is pumped through the inlet channel of the hydraulic connection 7, made in the supporting sleeve 4, the ball 2 is moved to interact with a spherical supporting surface 31 made at the end 30 of the bypass sleeve 26.

The pumped medium, circling the ball 2 through the central channel 29 and then through the output channels 27 of hydraulic communication, made between the ribs 34 of the bypass sleeve 26, is pumped, for example, into the oil gathering (Fig. 1, the movement of the pumped medium is indicated by arrows).

In this case, the movement of the ball 2 under the pressure of the pumped medium ensures reliable opening of the hydraulic communication channels, since the weight of the ball 2 is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid due to the presence of a sealed chamber 35 made in the ball 2 and hermetically sealed with a stopper 38 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3).

In a planned or emergency shutdown of an oil and gas producing or injection well by the back pressure of the medium, the ball 2 moves through the central channel 29 of hydraulic communication until it interacts with a ball sealed belt 37 made at the end face 36 of the supporting sleeve 4, blocking the hydraulic channel 7 made in the supporting sleeve 4, and the well without the participation of maintenance personnel is blocked, for example, from the oil field or from the injection line, preventing the injection of the medium back into the well or from the well (figure 2).

Moreover, when using a shut-off device at an injection well, or at a cluster pump station, or at a compressor station to perform functionality during installation, the shut-off device must be rotated 180 ° relative to the axis of the drive (in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, flow directions the pumped medium are indicated by arrows for an oil and gas producing well).

During well maintenance, the shut-off device, if necessary, can be forced closed by rotation of the control levers 12 and open by reverse rotation of the control levers.

Forced closing of the shut-off device, the inner ball segment 40, made on the end face 39 of the plunger 16, interacts with the surface of the ball 2 and presses the ball 2 against the ball sealing belt 37, made on the end face 36 of the support sleeve 4, blocking the hydraulic communication channel 7 (Fig. 3) .

Moreover, the presence of the pins 43 in the combined sockets 41 and 33, the protrusion 42, interacting with a rectangular groove 21 made on the outer surface 20 of the plunger 16, provides a constant position of the inner spherical segment 40, made on the end face 39 of the plunger 16 relative to the surface of the ball 2 with forced overlap hydraulic communication channels during operation of the locking device, since the rotation of the plunger 16 relative to the bypass sleeve 26 is excluded (FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 5).

The use of a threaded sealing sleeve 23 installed in the annular groove 22 in the radial threaded hole 9, provides reliable tightness of the connection of the actuator housing 10 in the radial threaded hole 9 of the locking device (figure 4).

The locking device during operation eliminates the flow of liquid or gas from the oil field to the well during periodic operation of the oil and gas well, as it operates in an automatic mode without the participation of maintenance personnel (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).

Both in the open and in the closed position (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3), the shut-off device is sealed at a pressure of MPa (kg · c / cm ² ) = 35 (350) and the pumped liquid or gas does not get into environment.

The presence in the device of the locking annular sealed chambers 6 in the housing 1, a sealed chamber 45 made in the bypass sleeve 26 and a closed stopper 44 (Fig. 3, Fig. 6), as well as a sealed chamber 35 made in a ball 2 and a closed stopper 38, which perform the role of compensators at negative ambient temperatures, especially in winter, exclude both deformation of the shutoff device body, the formation of cracks and their destruction, and permanent deformation of structural elements of the shutoff device, since when defrosting above These chambers are reduced in volume and compensate for the volumetric expansion of ice and are restored during heating with the provision of functional characteristics without repair and restoration of the shut-off device.

This is further confirmed by the physicomechanical characteristics of the polymer material used for the structural elements of the shut-off device, which form chambers that play the role of compensators during freezing, for example, polyamide block TU6-06-142-90, and repeated climatic tests of the shut-off device.

To avoid residual deformation of the plunger 16 when the shut-off device is forced to close when the system pressure is higher than MPa (kg · s / cm ² ) = 35 (350), the plunger 16 is shown with a threaded screw 19 (Fig. 1).

The proposed new technical solution for the shut-off device differs from the known technical solutions by the novelty, since in the automatic mode of operation, without the participation of maintenance personnel, the physical characteristics of the operation of both oil and gas producing and injection wells are used (pressure difference before or after the shut-off element and changes in the direction of movement of the pumped medium in the event of an emergency or planned shutdown of a well), technologically advanced in production, reliable in operation, repair one, competitive, and its use in production will provide a positive technical and economic effect, especially at low ambient temperatures in the winter oil and gas fields of the Russian Federation.

Claims (2)

1. The locking device comprising a housing, a ring in the undercut of the housing with a sealed conical surface, a plug with a corresponding sealing surface, an eccentric drive, an overflow sleeve, characterized in that a radial threaded hole and an annular groove are made in the housing and a threaded sealing sleeve, a drive housing are installed with control levers, with a protective sleeve and a rod, the rod through the trapezoidal groove is connected to the plunger, a rectangular groove is made on the outer surface of the plunger, and on the end traction ball segment, on the one hand in the channel of the housing there are annular tight chambers, limited by the inner diameter of the channel and the outer surface of the support sleeve, a sealed ball belt is made on the end of the support sleeve, on the opposite side there is a bypass sleeve with a sealed chamber and ribs through the ledge in the undercut of the body , nests are made on the ribs, corresponding nests are placed in the undercut of the housing and pins are installed, and at the end the bypass sleeve has a spherical surface and a protrusion, while waiting for the support and bypass bushings, a ball is located, a tight chamber is made in the ball, and the protrusion of the bypass sleeve interacts with the plunger through a rectangular groove, and the ball with the inner spherical segment of the plunger when the control levers rotate to interact with the ball with a sealed ball gland of the support sleeve with the possibility of forced overlap the input channel of the hydraulic connection, as well as the interaction of the ball with the spherical surface of the bypass sleeve or with a sealed ball belt of the support sleeve when changing uu direction of flow of the pumping medium to open or close hydraulic communication channel automatically when operation of the locking device. 2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Central channel of the hydraulic connection is made with an eccentricity relative to the axis of the housing.

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