RU2447343C2 - Locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: locking device comprises a casing, a ring in a casing bore with a sealed conical surface, a plug with an appropriate sealing surface, an eccentric drive, a bypass bushing. A sleeve is screwed in the casing via a radial threaded bore and an end seal in a circular groove and is fixed in the casing bore by pins. In the sleeve there is a chamber at one side, and a threaded hole, a seat with cylindrical and conical surfaces and an external thread at the opposite side. In the sleeve chamber there is a plunger connected with a drive bushing and a screw with the left thread, at the opposite side in the seat - a threaded sealing bushing with cylindrical and conical surfaces, a screw with the right tubular cylindrical thread, a press ring and a captive nut. The drive bushing via the left thread interacts with the left thread of the screw, and via the right tubular cylindrical thread the screw interacts with appropriate threads in the opening of the sleeve and in the sealing bushing, at the plunger's end there is a conical bore and a channel for hydraulic connection in the sleeve chamber, and on the external surface of the plunger there is a ball segment crossing with the conical bore, and a slot open at the end of the drive bushing, a slot of the appropriate section and rated length is provided in the sleeve chamber, balls are placed in slots. At the same time in the central bores of the casing there are circular grooves, and the following components installed with appropriate grooves - a support bushing with a sealed spherical surface and an inlet channel at one side, and at the opposite side - a bushing with guide surfaces at the end and with an appropriate output channel, forming tight chambers between circular grooves, besides, the stop element is made in the form of a hollow ball, weight of which is equal to or less than the weight of the displaced liquid as capable of displacement along guide surfaces of the bushing and interaction with the ball segment of the plunger for forced closure of the inlet channel of the support bushing via its sealed spherical surface during the right rotation of the screw by levers of control and opening of the inlet channel under action of the pumped liquid flow movement during the left rotation of the screw and arrangement of the hollow ball in the sleeve chamber, and also with the capability to both close the inlet channel of the support bushing and to partially close the inlet and outlet channels of the support and guide bushings in the automatic mode, when the pumped liquid flow is limited by the rated left or right quantity of screw rotations for arrangement of the hollow ball in the conical bore at the plunger's end under action of the liquid flow movement direction change in case of pressure drops upstream and downstream the locking device. To adjust tightness of the screw with the right tubular cylindrical thread by a sealing bushing with the right internal tubular cylindrical thread there is a slot in a protective bushing, an appropriate slot is made in a protective jacket, and screw tightness is adjusted via slots with a captive nut through the press ring.

EFFECT: improvement of device operational reliability.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mining, in particular to the oil and gas industry, and can be used in wellhead equipment for oil and gas wells, in the operation of oil pipelines, water pipelines, gas pipelines.

Known locking devices [RU No. 2261389 C2, class. F16K 3/26, 09.27.2005, RU No. 94041194 A1, cl. F16K 3/24, 09/20/1996], containing housings, locking elements, actuator, flange connection elements.

The disadvantages of the known locking devices are limited functionality, design complexity due to the large elemental base, complexity in the manufacturing process and, as a rule, unreliability during operation.

A known locking device [RU 2351830 C2, class. F16K 1/12, F16K 31/52, 04/10/2009]], comprising a housing, a ring in the undercut of the housing with a sealed conical surface, a plug with a corresponding sealing surface, an eccentric drive, an overflow sleeve.

The disadvantages of the known locking device are limited functionality, design complexity due to the large element base, low technology, unreliable operation, especially at low ambient temperatures in the winter at oil and gas fields of the Russian Federation.

The technical problem of the invention consists in the possibility of using a shut-off device both in its functional purpose and as a non-return valve during emergency stops, using the pressure drops before and after the shut-off device and changing the direction of movement of the pumped medium, for example, in hydraulic systems, in pipelines, in wellhead equipment, in providing through the inlet and outlet channels of the passage of the technological tool, instruments in the study of wells, scrapers for paraffin removal Fat channel tubing.

In addition to the above stated technical object of the invention is to increase reliability, reduce the elemental base of the shut-off device design, increase the service life, especially in high pressure systems and at low ambient temperatures in winter, when ice forms in the hydraulic communication channels of the shut-off device, and reduces hydroabrasive wear at high the speed of the pumped medium and the increase in corrosion resistance of structural elements that determine its performance and reliability nost, ease of maintenance during operation, ensuring maintainability and competitiveness of the locking device.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the locking device containing the housing, a ring in the undercut of the housing with a sealed conical surface, a plug with a corresponding sealing surface, an eccentric drive, a bypass sleeve, characterized in that the housing is screwed through the radial threaded groove and the mechanical seal in the annular groove glass and fixed in the bore of the housing with pins, in the glass there is a chamber made on one side, with a threaded hole on the opposite side, a socket with a cylindrical and conical top with threads and an external thread, a plunger connected to the drive bushing and a screw with a left-hand thread are placed in the cup chamber, a threaded sealing sleeve with a cylindrical and conical surfaces, a screw with a right pipe cylindrical thread, a pressure ring and a union nut, a sleeve on the opposite side the drive through the left-hand thread interacts with the left-hand thread of the screw, and through the right-hand pipe cylindrical thread, the screw interacts with the corresponding threads in the hole of the glass and in the sealing sleeve, at the end of the plunger a conical undercut and a channel for hydraulic communication in the cup chamber are made, and on the outer surface of the plunger there is a spherical segment intersecting with the conical undercut, and a groove open from the end of the drive sleeve, corresponding in cross section and calculated length, the groove is made in the cup chamber, the grooves are placed balls, while in the central bores of the casing annular grooves are made and the supporting sleeve with a sealed spherical surface and an inlet channel, on the opposite side, is mounted with corresponding grooves on one side the orons are a sleeve with guiding surfaces at the end and with a corresponding output channel forming tight chambers between the annular grooves, and the locking element is made in the form of a hollow ball, the mass of which is equal to or less than the mass of the displaced fluid with the ability to move along the guiding surfaces of the sleeve and interact with the ball segment of the plunger for forced closure of the input channel of the support sleeve through its sealed spherical surface with the right rotation of the screw levers of control and opening one channel under the action of the flow of the pumped liquid with the left rotation of the screw and the location of the hollow ball in the chamber of the glass, as well as with the possibility of both closing the input channel of the support sleeve and partially overlapping the input and output channels of the support and guide bushings in automatic mode while restricting the passage of the pumped fluid by calculating the left or right rotation of the screw to position the hollow ball in a conical undercut at the end of the plunger under the action of changing the direction of fluid flow with pressure drops before and after the shut-off device.

To adjust the tightness of the screw with the right cylindrical thread, the sealing sleeve with the right inner cylindrical pipe thread has a groove in the protective sleeve, the corresponding groove is made in the protective jacket, and through the grooves, the tightness of the screw is adjusted with the union nut through the pressure ring.

Figure 1 shows the locking device in the open position under pressure of the pumped medium, for example, an oil and gas producing well in operation, the locking element is a hollow ball located in the chamber of the glass or, for example, to ensure the passage of technological tools, instruments for researching wells, scrapers for removal paraffin deposits in the tubing channel.

Figure 2 shows the locking device in the forced closure mode as a result of rotation of the screw by the control levers, for example, technological maintenance of an oil and gas producing well.

Figure 3 shows the shutoff device partially in the open position during automatic operation, the shutoff device performs the functions of a valve, for example, in the operation mode of an oil and gas or injection well.

Figure 4 shows the locking device in the closed position under pressure when changing the direction of movement of the medium, for example, an emergency stop of an oil and gas producing or injection well.

Figure 5 is a section aa in figure 1.

Figure 6 is a view In figure 3.

The locking device contains:

case 1 (figure 1),

glass 2,

boring 3, made in the housing 1,

pins 4,

a radial threaded groove 5, made in the housing 1,

an annular groove 6 made in a radial threaded groove 5,

mechanical seals 7 in the annular groove 6,

chamber 8 in a glass 2,

plunger 9,

drive sleeve 10,

screw 11,

left-hand thread 12, made on the screw 11,

left-hand thread 13, made in the sleeve of the actuator 10,

hole 14 made in the glass 2,

the right pipe cylindrical thread 15, made in the hole 14 of the glass 2,

a nest with a cylindrical and conical surfaces 16, made in the hole 14 of the glass 2,

sealing sleeve 17,

the right pipe cylindrical thread 18 made on the screw 11,

the right pipe cylindrical thread 19, made inside the sealing sleeve 17,

cylindrical and conical surfaces 20, made on the sealing sleeve 17,

channel 21, made in the plunger 9 for hydraulic communication in the chamber 8 of the glass 2,

butt 22 of plunger 9,

the end face 23 of the drive sleeve 10 (figure 2),

the outer surface 24 of the plunger 9,

a groove 25 made in the chamber 8 of the glass 2,

a groove 26 made on the outer surface 24 of the plunger 9, open from the end face 23 of the drive sleeve 10,

balls 27 placed in the grooves 25 and 26,

conical recess 28, made at the end face 22 of the plunger 9,

a ball segment 29, made on the outer surface 24 of the plunger 9, intersecting with a tapered recess 28,

a central bore 30 in the housing 1 for mounting the support sleeve,

support sleeve 31,

input channel 32 of the support sleeve 31,

sealed spherical surface 33 made in the support sleeve 31,

the central bore 34 in the housing 1 for installing the guide sleeve (figure 3),

guide sleeve 35,

an annular groove 36 made in the Central bore 34 of the housing 1,

the output channel 37 of the guide sleeve 35,

the outer surface 38 of the guide sleeve 35,

an annular groove 39 made on the outer surface 38 of the guide sleeve 35,

sealed chamber 40,

the end face 41 of the guide sleeve 35,

the outer surface 42 of the support sleeve 31,

an annular groove 43 made on the outer surface 42 of the support sleeve 31,

an annular groove 44 made in the central bore 30 of the housing 1, a sealed chamber 45,

guide surfaces 46 made on the end face 41 of the guide sleeve 35,

a locking element 47 made in the form of a hollow ball,

pressure ring 48,

union nut 49,

protective shirt 50,

protective sleeve 51,

a groove 52 made in a protective jacket 50 (figure 4),

the estimated length [L] 53 of the groove 25, made in the chamber 8 of the glass 2,

clips 54,

threaded sleeve 55,

a groove 56 made in the protective sleeve 51,

control levers 57,

fixing screw 58,

partial overlap 59 of the input 32 and output 37 channels of the support 31 and the guide 35 of the bushings of the locking element 47 (Fig.6).

In a static position, for example, during assembly, the elements of the locking device interact as follows.

In the Central bore 30 of the housing 1 through the threaded connection hermetically install the support sleeve 31 with the inlet channel 32 and with a sealed spherical surface 33 (figure 1, figure 2, figure 3).

On the opposite side of the housing 1 through the Central bore 34 hermetically install the guide sleeve 35 with the output channel 37.

The guide sleeve 35 is oriented and fixed by the clamps 54 (figure 4) from rotation relative to the axis of the housing 1.

The guide sleeve 35 with the clips 54 in the central bore 34 is closed with a threaded sleeve 55.

Through a radial threaded groove 5, made in the housing 1, between the support 31 and the guide 35 of the bushings set the locking element 47, made in the form of a hollow ball.

In the annular groove 6, made in the radial threaded groove 5 of the housing 1, install the mechanical seal 7.

In the socket with a cylindrical and conical surfaces 16, made in the hole 14 of the glass 2, install a sealing sleeve 17 with a right pipe cylindrical thread 19 inside and with a cylindrical and conical surfaces 20.

The plunger 9 through a threaded connection is connected to the drive sleeve 10.

In the groove 25, made in the chamber 8 of the glass 2, set the balls 27.

Through the balls 27 and the groove 26, made on the outer surface 24 of the plunger 9 and open from the end face 23 of the drive sleeve 10, the plunger 9 assembled with the drive sleeve 10 is introduced into the chamber 8 of the glass 2.

The screw 11 through the right pipe cylindrical thread 18 is screwed into the right pipe cylindrical thread 19 of the sealing sleeve 17 and then screwed into the right pipe cylindrical thread 15, made in the hole 14 of the glass 2.

Through the left-hand thread 12, the screw 11 is connected to the left-hand thread 13 of the drive sleeve 10 with the plunger 9 in the chamber 8 of the cup 2.

The glass 2 together with the screw 11, the sealing sleeve 17, the plunger 9 and the drive sleeve 10 is screwed into the radial threaded groove 5 of the housing 1.

Moreover, the location of the spherical segment 29, made on the outer surface 24 of the plunger 9 and intersecting with a tapered recess 28, made on the end face 22 of the plunger 9 relative to the locking element 47, made in the form of a hollow ball and relatively sealed spherical surface 33, made in the supporting sleeve 31, is achieved technologically, for example, by pre-assembling and marking the groove 25 in the chamber 8 of the glass 2 with subsequent machining.

In this case, the mechanical seal 7 in the annular groove 6 ensures the tightness of the threaded connection of the glass 2 with the housing 1.

The glass 2 is fixed in the bore 3 of the housing 1 with pins 4.

Through the screw 11, a pressure ring 48 is mounted on the sealing sleeve 17.

A cap nut 49 is screwed onto the cup 2.

Through the screw 11, a protective shirt 50 is put on the cup 2, and a protective sleeve 51 is put on the protective jacket 50.

The control levers 57 are mounted on the screw 11 and are fixed by the fixing screw 58.

In the dynamic position, the locking device operates as follows.

When the pumped medium moves through the inlet channel 32 of the support sleeve 31, the hollow ball 47 moves along the guide surfaces 46 made on the end face 41 of the guide sleeve 35 and moves by the flow of the pumped liquid into the chamber 8 of the cup 2, since its weight is less than or equal to the weight of the displaced liquid ( figure 1, figure 5).

The input 32 and output 37 channels of the bushings 31 and 35 are fully open for the passage of the pumped medium (the movement of the pumped liquid in figure 1 is indicated by arrows).

When the device is closed by right-hand rotation of the screw 11 with the control levers 57 in the cup 2, the plunger 9 is screwed through the left-hand thread 13 of the drive sleeve 10 with the left-hand thread 12 of the screw 11 as a result of interaction with the tapered recess 28 made on the end face 22 of the plunger 9, moves from the chamber 8 of the glass 2 along the guide surfaces 46 made on the end 41 of the guide sleeve 35, and as a result of interaction with the spherical segment 29, the hollow ball 47 through the sealed spherical surface 33 blocks the input channel 32 op tap sleeve 31. The locking device is closed (figure 2).

Moreover, the presence of the channel 21, made in the plunger 9 for hydraulic communication in the chamber 8 of the glass 2, provides pressure equalization in the chamber 8 when the plunger 9 moves, which ensures ease of rotation of the control levers 57.

The estimated length (L) 53 of the groove 25 is necessary to connect the plunger 9 through the drive sleeve 10 with the screw 11 in the chamber 8 of the cup 2 and to prevent the balls 27 from falling out of the grooves 25 and 26 when determining the necessary stroke of the plunger 9 in the chamber 8.

To use the shut-off device as a check valve, it is necessary that the left or right number of turns of the screw 11 connected to the control levers 57 partially overlap 59 of the input 32 and output 37 channels of the bushings 31 and 35 with a shut-off element 47 made in the form of a half ball, depending on the amount of flow of the pumped liquid (figure 3, figure 4, figure 6).

In this case, when the fluid being pumped, indicated by the arrows in FIG. 3, moves under the influence of the fluid pressure, the hollow ball 47 along the guide surfaces 46 made on the end face 41 of the guide sleeve 35 moves to align with the conical recess 28 made on the end face 22 of the plunger 9.

The pumped medium, enveloping the hollow ball 47, is transported in accordance with the technological regulations. The locking device is open (figure 3).

With the right rotation of the control levers 57 during the forced closure of the input channel 32 of the support sleeve 31 by the locking element 47 through the sealed spherical surface 33, the plunger 9 is unscrewed from the screw 11 through the left threaded connection of the drive sleeve 10, and the plunger 9 connected to the left rotation of the control levers 57 the drive sleeve is screwed onto the screw 11 to open the channel 32.

When a planned or emergency shutdown, for example, of oil and gas production or injection wells with liquid back pressure, the hollow ball 47 closes the input channel 32 of the support sleeve 31 through the sealed spherical surface 33. The locking device is closed (Fig. 4).

During well maintenance, for example, when examining or removing paraffin in a tubing channel, research instruments or scrapers are lowered into the well through a lubricator (not shown in the drawing).

Under the action of a load (metal roller) stretching, for example, a scraper connected by a wire to the load and passing through the lubricator, the hollow ball 47 along the guide surfaces 46 made on the end face 41 of the guide sleeve 35, due to the interaction of the load moves into the chamber 8 of the glass 2, opening the input 32 and the output channel 37 of the sleeves 31 and 35, providing the passage of instruments, tools, scrapers for conducting well research or paraffin removal in the channel of the tubing (figure 1).

The use of the sealing sleeve 17 with the right cylindrical pipe thread 19, interacting with the right pipe cylindrical thread 18 of the screw 11, as well as the socket with the cylindrical and conical surfaces 16, made in the hole 14 of the glass 2, interacting with the corresponding cylindrical and conical surfaces 20 of the sealing sleeve 17 under the action of the pressure ring 48 as a result of screwing the union nut 49 through the combined grooves 56 and 52, made in the protective jacket 50 and in the protective sleeve 51, provides reliable crossbreeding screw 11 through the corresponding internal thread 19 of the sealing sleeve 17, as tubular cylindrical thread profile is smooth, with no abrupt transitions (GOST 6357-81. Carving cylindrical pipe).

The presence in the locking device of sealed chambers 40 and 45 formed between the annular grooves 39 and 43 on the outer surfaces 38 and 42 of the sleeves 35 and 31 and the annular grooves 36 and 44 in the central bores 30 and 34 in the housing 1, as well as a hollow ball 47, which play the role of compensation during the formation of ice, especially in winter, inside the shut-off device due to its expansion and exclude the deformation of the shut-off device elements, since the chambers during ice formation are reduced in volume and restored during heating, providing the initial nyh functional characteristics without the repair work of the locking device.

The use of a right-handed threaded connection and a left-handed threaded connection in the design of the device 2, the screw 11 and the drive sleeve 10 leads to a decrease in the volume of the chamber 8, which reduces the effect of volumetric expansions of water during freezing of the shut-off device and eliminates residual deformations of the structural elements .

The proposed new technical solution for the shut-off device differs from the known technical solutions by the novelty, since in the automatic mode of operation, without the participation of service personnel, the physical characteristics of the operation of both the oil and gas producing and injection wells are used (pressure difference before or after the shut-off element and changes in the direction of movement of the pumped medium in the event of an emergency or planned shutdown of a well).

In addition to the above, the proposed locking device provides the passage through the input and output channels of the support and guide bushings of the passage of the technological tool, instruments for researching wells, scrapers to remove paraffin deposits in the channel of the tubing, technologically advanced in manufacture, reliable in operation, maintainable, competitive, and its use in production will provide a positive technical and economic effect, especially at low ambient temperatures in winter mja oil and gas fields of the Russian Federation.

Information sources

1. RU 2351830 C2, class F16K 1/12, 31/52, 04/10/2009.

2. RU 2261389 C2, class F16K 3/26, 09/27/2005.

 3. RU 94041194 A1, class R16K 3/24, 1996.

4. RU 2190139 C2.2.09.09.2002.

5. GB 2166847 A, 05/14/1986.

6. US 3102550 A, 09/03/1963.

7. US 3784156 A, 01/08/1974.

8. DE 8800051 U1,18.02.1988.

9. DE 10162720 A1.01.08.2002.10.

10. WO 98/55784 A1.10.12.1998.

Claims (2)

1. A locking device comprising a housing, a ring in the undercut of the housing with a sealed conical surface, a plug with a corresponding sealing surface, an eccentric drive, an overflow sleeve, characterized in that the cup is screwed into the annular groove and the mechanical seal in the annular groove and fixed in housing bores with pins, a chamber is made on one side of the chamber, on the opposite side there is a threaded hole, a socket with cylindrical and conical surfaces and an external thread, in the stack chamber the plunger connected to the drive sleeve and the screw with left-hand thread are placed, on the opposite side there is a threaded sealing sleeve with cylindrical and conical surfaces, a screw with a right pipe cylindrical thread, a pressure ring and a union nut, the drive sleeve interacts with the left through the left-hand thread screw thread, and through the right pipe cylindrical thread, the screw interacts with the corresponding threads in the hole of the glass and in the sealing sleeve, at the end of the plunger there is a conical undercut and a channel for I have a hydraulic connection in the chamber of the cup, and on the outer surface of the plunger there is a spherical segment intersecting with a tapered recess and a groove open from the end of the drive sleeve, corresponding in cross section and the estimated length of the groove made in the cup chamber, the balls are placed in the grooves, while the central the grooves of the casing are made annular grooves and installed with the corresponding grooves on one side is a support sleeve with a sealed spherical surface and an inlet channel, on the opposite side - a sleeve with guides at the end and with the corresponding output channel, forming tight chambers between the annular grooves, and the locking element is made in the form of a hollow ball, the mass of which is equal to or less than the mass of the displaced fluid, with the ability to move along the guide surfaces of the sleeve and interact with the ball segment of the plunger for forced overlap the input channel of the supporting sleeve through its sealed spherical surface with the right rotation of the screw levers control and opening the input channel under the action of movement p outflow of the pumped-over fluid with left-hand rotation of the screw and the location of the hollow ball in the chamber of the cup, as well as with the possibility of both closing the input channel of the support sleeve and partially overlapping the input and output channels of the support and guide bushings in automatic mode while restricting the passage of the pumped liquid to the calculated left or right the number of turns of rotation of the screw for the location of the hollow ball in a conical undercut at the end of the plunger under the influence of a change in the direction of fluid flow during pressure drops eny before and after the locking device. 2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove is made in the protective sleeve, the corresponding groove is made in the protective jacket to adjust the tightness of the right pipe cylindrical thread of the screw with the threaded sealing sleeve through the grooves by rotating the union nut through the pressure ring.

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