RU2452883C2 - Multi-purpose system of electric drives on basis of planetary cycloidal reduction gear - mke pcsr - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: multi-purpose system includes housing with cover, motor and magnetoconductive rotor. Magnetoconductive rotor is made in the form of high-strength spring. Spring coils form round screw projections which are in constant engagement with mating inbent round screw slots of magnetoconductive stator. Rotor is brought into rotation about its longitudinal axis due to action on it of rotating electromagnetic field of stator. Rotor is constantly engaged with gear of drive unit, which has round screw profile of cycloidal type. Engagement has the possibility of adding and distributing power parameters on the main electric drive. Electromagnetic interaction of stator and rotor is performed along closed magnetic circuit without any air gap.

EFFECT: increasing efficiency coefficient and improving reliability of electric drive.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

A multifunctional complex of electric drives based on a planetary cycloidal gearbox - the FEM PCR refers to motor gearboxes, electric drives and can be used in precision drives of robots and manipulators, in defense, ground and space navigation, in machine tools, in transport, in electric vehicles, in hoisting mechanisms and winches, for transferring rotation into a sealed space, in the oil and gas industry. Recently, motor reducers (discussed here and below on electric drives), which are mounted in a single housing, are characterized by smaller overall dimensions, a small number of parts, low noise level during operation, and are used mainly in hoisting mechanisms. and rigging.

Studies of analogues of the invention have discovered well-known and peculiar gears with different engagement profiles. They are characterized by relatively low reliability, resource and adaptability [1-6-10] for operation in various conditions and overloads, and insufficient self-organization for the formation of gearing and low maintainability. The proposed MKE PCR complex has a higher perspective and durability of operation during multi-ton transportation and high speeds with a quiet operation. There is a peculiar and original, simple structural solution to the invention. The disadvantages and accident rate of the prototype and analogues are eliminated in the proposed invention FEM PCR. So a small area of engagement in analogues (~ 1 ° -5 °) is significantly expanded by multi-start and a larger elastic area of engagement to 100 ° or more (Fig.2, 3, 5, 6).

The invention of the FEM PCR has increased reliability, service life, transmission efficiency (> 95%), the characteristics are based on the calculation and implementation of optimal design and operation conditions in production, if necessary with lubrication.

The invention is applicable in industry and is ensured by a wide selection of the required range of materials, calculation of promising production and operation technology, it has a higher self-organizing (adaptable) property [9].

The design of the FEM PCR provides for better energy saving and reduction of electromagnetic losses in motors and electric drive gearboxes, it has expanded the range of gear ratios (i≥10-1000), it is limited for analogues and prototype. The invention is characterized by a backlashless and silent operation and operation, which, with the minimum dimensions of the electric drive and its autonomy, is extremely important for its rapid implementation in submarines, helicopters and in research under extreme conditions of the ocean floor and space.

The electric drive complex is also valuable for the ability to save and take into account past operation and information, which increases its optimality in automatic control and regulation systems (ACS).

The PCR electric drive complex can be interfaced and included in the network of conventional continuous electric motors, including built-in special ones, as well as interfaced with discrete control systems from discrete pulse sensors or from a digital computer.

Technical analogues of the invention are gear motors [1] of French, American, Japanese and other companies. For example, France motor gearbox. Pat. No. 1440594, 1966. The technical prototype of the invention is the gear motor of FIG. 1, like other gear motors, are a mechanical connection of an electric motor - ED and gear in one common housing. At the same time, a number of units and assemblies do not combine to perform approximately equal operations, the total number of bearings increases.

The closest in technical essence is the planetary cycloidal reducer developed by the Minsk Institute of Machine Reliability Problems of the Academy of Sciences of the BSSR, 1988, which is adopted as a prototype (Fig. 1) and contains a housing 10, a cover 12, input (lead) and output (driven) shafts 4 and 13, a fixed central (solar) wheel 2 with a row of rollers (pin) 1, cycloidal satellites 7, 9 of the satellite block 8 mounted on the input shaft 4 on the bearings of the shaft 3 and on the eccentrically located bearings of the satellites 6, inside the central wheels 2, 11 cycloidal tooth I whose 8 engage with the teeth of the central wheels; pins 14, pressed into the flange of the output shaft (movable output wheel 11) and freely put on the rollers 15, which engage with the satellite 9 of the satellite unit 8, rollers (lugs) 1 of the fixed central wheel 2 and rollers (lugs) 15 of the output shaft ( rolling central wheel 11).

Satellites 7, 9 of the block of satellites 8 of the prototype of FIG. 1 are in constant engagement with the central wheels 2 and 11 (15 ′), rigidly fixed in the housing 10 and on the output shaft 13, respectively. The satellite is connected to the eccentric shaft 5 and the electric motor by ED bearings 6, and through the bearings 16 of the output shaft 13 of the movable wheel 11 (15 ′) is connected to the load. In a similar sequence is the work of the specified prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the possible range of gear ratios is limited to 7-5000 and cannot be adjustable;

- the efficiency of the prototype presented does not exceed 92%;

- prototype gearbox single-stage, unregulated;

- limited service life - 30000-50000 hours;

- multi-pair gearing does not exceed 70%;

- “hard” (as with traditional involute and worm gears) meshing requires the necessary mounting clearances. From this, backlash is possible, ensuring minimal gaps leads to significant production costs;

- a massive block of satellites has a significant moment of inertia, which leads to an overload of high-speed bearings of the block of satellites and reduces the service life of the gearbox;

- the complexity of the design, the presence of a block of satellites, continuous tubular yokes that do not have elasticity, the presence of high-speed bearings of a block of satellites.

These disadvantages are eliminated in the proposed invention is a multifunctional complex of PCR electric drives. Long-term studies show that the creation of the design of an electric drive with a gearbox with the elimination of these disadvantages of the prototype is impossible with a simple mechanical combination of an electric motor (electric motor) and gearbox.

A radical change in the approach to combining electric motor and gear units is necessary, based on the merger and improvement of their functions. That is, the electric motor should become part of the gearbox with the fulfillment of its functions, and the gearbox should become part of the electric motor with its characteristic work.

The required technical result and the purpose of the invention is to combine the electromagnetic and mechanical functions of an electric motor and gear in a single design to significantly improve the technical and economic parameters of the proposed multifunctional complex of FEM PCR electric drives based on a planetary cycloidal reducer - PCR.

The proposed multifunctional complex of electric drives with a PCR gearbox is a new promising area in gear manufacturing, since it has a cycloidal circular screw, multi-pair, spring-loaded spring with a comprehensive volumetric central, symmetrical, self-centering nature of work in all pairs of its gearing, as well as with the simultaneous use of magnetically conductive functions its stator and rotor. The latter is achieved by the fact that its engagement, support and landing elements are made symmetrically along the sliding fit of the structure, and the operation of the gear assembly with a complex of electric drives with PCR is lubricated under optimal conditions - with minimal magnetic loss, friction and heating [7, 8, 9, 11, 12].

Thus, in the FEM PCR, working assembly gaps and backlashes were eliminated. Along with high efficiency (about 95%), this set of electric drives has increased contact strength, reliability and durability, reduced metal consumption and dimensions by 2–3 times, and does not create noise during operation [2-6, 7-12].

The gap-free backlash-free nature of the engagement allows the use of FEM PCR in high-precision systems, and the combination of an electric motor and PCR in a single multifunctional complex of electric drives significantly expands the field of its implementation. At the same time, the overall production and technological costs are reduced by about 3-5 times.

Similar complexes of electric drives and reducers can be used in electric drives of robots and manipulators, in precision ground, space and underwater navigation, rocketry, in machine tools, in electric vehicles, in transport, in hoisting mechanisms, in electric winches, for transferring rotation to a sealed space, in oil and gas and other industries, in medicine and various scientific research.

The composition and purpose of the multifunctional complex of electric drives based on PCR is shown in Fig. (2-5) and includes a main electric motor, the main drive of which is connected to distribution motors (electric drives) using an elastically deformable circular helical spring gear in the form of an open central rotor of Fig. 2 or in the form of a toroidal closed coil spring of FIGS. 3, 5. The listed units and assemblies of the complex are located on a common base, the body of the main objects, helicopters, missiles, etc. The novelty and usefulness of the proposed MCE PCR complex consists in its versatility, firstly, it allows you to summarize the moments and powers of individual engines (ED) and transfer their total maximum parameters to the main drive, the main power body (figure 5) of the missiles and its elements ( roofs, etc.), powerful tracking complexes of observatories, locators, stations in their observation of enemy defensive objects, space, UFOs, meteorites flying to the Earth, in wind energy. In this case, it is more technologically and more efficient to summarize the power parameters of individual engines (ED) on the main drive of the aforementioned continuous and discrete control units than to create single copies of heavy-duty engines, ED, the disadvantages of which are added to unreliability and emergency failure under conditions of their necessary operation in aggressive environments and congestion, the impossibility of duplication. The novelty and usefulness of the proposed complex also consists in the universality of the distribution of moments and powers from the main drive (engine, ED) to the distribution engines (ED) of Fig. 5, for example, from the main engine to the engines of additional screws and helicopter assemblies, to flight and maneuvering controls missiles, to the numerous control and regulation bodies of space stations, submarines, aviation, robots and cybernetic devices, machine tool units, vehicles, the oil and gas industry, etc. Not only high efficiency and energy characteristics are important here, but also significant reliability and trouble-free operation of the FEM PCR, in contrast to the characteristic accident rate and unreliability of the many existing transmissions of electric drives and their connections. As a result, this FEM PCR complex with significant manufacturability, efficiency (efficiency ≥95%) can be recommended for numerous trouble-free automatic control and regulation systems for the most critical powerful rocket, space, exploration of the depths of the earth, ocean, and the latest weapons: accidents are excluded in this case and duplication is not required. The combination of auxiliary primary engines (electric motors, ED) and PCR into a single complex of FEM PCR promises to increase energy, its weight, dimensions, production and operation costs are reduced (~ by an order of magnitude). The range of transmitted operating moments and capacities is significantly expanded, the reliability and life of the complex are increased up to 25 years with the possibility of silent operation and without accidents with overload.

, где Z_b - число витков торообразной замкнутой круговинтовой и разомкнутой пружин - ротора, Z_k - число заходов зацепления пазов магнитопровода статора и пружинного ротора. Для основного замкнутого варианта МКЭ ПЦР по фиг.2, Z_k=1.Research and testing of our inventions (patent No. 2312260 dated December 10, 2007, etc.) showed the manufacturability and efficiency of creating on their basis a multifunctional complex of PCR PCR with significant summing properties in terms of torque and power when summing them from distribution motors (ED), drives and transfer of total energy to its main drive, engine (DG). The distribution nature of the complex with the transfer of energy parameters from the main drive, engine (ED) to auxiliary distribution drives, units, motors (ED) ensures their reliable, optimal operation. In Fig. 5, the FEM PCR complex represents the central essence of the invention and makes it possible, practically constructively, at minimal cost, and to effectively implement the main task of power systems - the summation and distribution of energy in various systems, units and robots for defense and industrial purposes. It is also significant that the implementation of the FEM PCR is possible in limited dimensions and volumes, for their placement in helicopters, submarines, space, aviation, etc. The implementation of the FEM PCR is also facilitated by the fact that its composition can consist of both electric motors and engines and drives of various designs, including internal combustion engines. So in each section, unit (element) of the FEM PCR complex, the strengthening and reduction of mass and dimensions (Figs. 2, 3, 5, 6) is determined by the gear ratio - i according to

, where Z _b is the number of turns of a toroidal closed circular screw and open spring - rotor, Z _k is the number of entries of the engagement of the grooves of the stator magnetic circuit and the spring rotor. For the main closed-loop version of the FEM PCR of FIG. 2, Z _k = 1.

. Технически ценно и важно, что средняя пружина трехзаходного пружинного ротора выполнена медной (две крайние магнито-стальные), ибо в данном случае медная пружина создает наилучшие оптимальные условия взаимодействия электромагнитных полей статора и магнитопроводящего ротора с медными обмотками. В обычных ЭД, как правило, статор и ротор содержат свои токопроводящие медные обмотки.In the proposed invention, the FEM PCR also offers a multi-start version of the complex of Fig. 6, for which the number of entrances in engagement according to our studies is optimal and Z _k = 3 is adopted. This version of the complex, along with expanding the range of gear ratios, has other additional advantages and purposes. So, in the long run, the transition from single-engagement to multi-engagement (for example, to Z _k = 3) will allow changing gear ratios during operation and, accordingly, transmitting operating torque and power to the required limits. The essence of three-way meshing (FIG. 6) is that the wires of three corresponding multi-spring springs are rolled onto special mandrels and, after their corresponding thermal and technological processing, all three springs (Z _k = 3) are installed as a whole, fixed for further operation in one-sided central non-magnetic metal or plastic mandrel body, i.e. a prefabricated 3-way spring similar to an industrial metal-plastic functions like a single-start spring (its main version). The three-way engagement counterpart (stator, gears of Figs. 6, 4) with the parameter (Z _k = 3) determines the gear ratios

. It is technically valuable and important that the middle spring of the three-way spring rotor is made of copper (the two extreme magnetic steel ones), because in this case the copper spring creates the best optimal conditions for the interaction of the electromagnetic fields of the stator and the magnetically conductive rotor with copper windings. In ordinary ED, as a rule, the stator and rotor contain their conductive copper windings.

, где Z_k=3. Одновременно при использовании трехзаходного ротора происходит увеличение надежности, ресурса эксплуатации при значительных перегрузках трехзаходного зацепления, в лучших условиях его электромагнитного взаимодействия электромагнитных полей статора и ротора при включении в ее трехзаходный ротор медной средней обмотки. Таким образом, центральный магнитопроводящий ротор с медной обмоткой становится полноправным электромагнитным ротором, т.е. статор и ротор трехзаходного комплекса работают и эксплуатируются в оптимальном режиме взаимодействия двух электромагнитных полей статора и ротора. Конструкция трехзаходного пружинного ротора фиг.6 несложна и подобно промышленному металлопласту монтируется и прочно крепится на внутренний пластмассовой или металлической немагнитной оболочке.In any case, in the second version, the three-way spring is represented by a single spring design of the rotor, all three of its springs, regardless of the material of the springs, work in a single transmission of mechanical motion, in general kinematics, from the stator to the spring rotor or from the spring rotor to the stator, gears of the camshafts of FIGS. 6, 4. So, with a uniformly similar character of movement of a single-start and three-way rotor, the latter has differences in expanding the transmission range of energy parameters, torque and power, in seconds responsible with the law of the transmission ratio, which is determined by the dependence of trehzahodnogo

where Z _k = 3. At the same time, when using a three-start rotor, there is an increase in reliability, service life with significant overloads of three-way engagement, in the best conditions of its electromagnetic interaction of the electromagnetic fields of the stator and rotor when a copper middle winding is included in its three-start rotor. Thus, the central magnetically conducting rotor with a copper winding becomes a full-fledged electromagnetic rotor, i.e. the stator and rotor of the three-starting complex operate and are operated in the optimal mode of interaction of the two electromagnetic fields of the stator and rotor. The design of the three-way spring rotor of FIG. 6 is simple and, like an industrial metal plastic, is mounted and firmly attached to an internal plastic or metal non-magnetic shell.

The differences and advantages of closed and open modifications of the FEM PCR complex are important. A closed modification of the complex is essential when distributing energy from the main drive, the main electric motor to numerous additional screws, like helicopters, units and mechanisms in the limited dimensions and volumes of many military, research and special vehicles of aviation, space, submarines, robots, manipulators and cybernetic aggregates. An open modification of the complex is structurally simpler than a closed one and allows you to turn on a larger number of auxiliary electric drives, motors for concentrating enhanced energy parameters on one or several main drives serving complex, bulky, power stations and assemblies, observatories, locators for controlling and monitoring the flight of spacecraft, civil and military installations, planets, meteorites, etc. Under these conditions, the overall dimensions and placement volumes of the open structure of the complex are not significant, since the main summing power functions of it are performed. Thus, the use and operation of open and closed modifications of the complex are determined by the general total conditions of the specific tasks of these complexes, taking into account the dimensions and volumes for their placement, the aggressiveness of the environment, work in space, on the ocean floor and in the depths of the earth, etc.

The closed design of the electric drive, preceding the design of the present invention, with a single-start magnetically conductive central spring rotor is designed, manufactured and tested by us [2-6, 10]. The present invention - a complex of FEM PCR significantly expands the previous introduction to the complex of a significant number of nodes, parts and connections between them. So, gears (from three to five or more) are introduced into the complex on camshafts, on which camshafts, electric drives, and drives are fixed. All these gears, camshafts with engines (drives) are combined into a single design of the proposed complex (Figs. 5, 6), which interacts in operation and operation as a single unit, combined by a main electric motor, a drive, a magnetically conductive central elastically deformable closed circular spring rotor, which during operation is constantly connected, interacts and transmits rotation to the gears of the camshafts with the camshafts (Fig. 5). All these additional parts, assemblies, gears, camshafts with motors, drives are included in variants of both closed and open complexes, combined with the main drive gears and camshafts with ED, drives, using a single-input, three-way magnetically conductive spring rotor (Fig. 2, 3, 5, 6).

Despite all the differences in the designs of single-input closed and open complexes of PCR PCR with a three-start (multi-start) central spring rotor, their execution is technically feasible and possible. So, with an open complex, the three-way spring version of the rotor is specially wound and fixed firmly on the central tubular mandrel (plastic or non-magnetic), such a prefabricated single design of the open spring rotor interacts in a single unit at all stages of its operation and operation. At the same time, the possibilities of using an open-ended complex of electric wires with a three-start, as well as with a single-start rotor, are significantly increased due to a significant expansion of the range of transmitted energy parameters, since it is possible to increase the number of main drives, electric drives and additional distribution electric drives, drives, parts, units possible expansion of work, dimensions and volumes to accommodate open-ended versions of the proposed complex. With the closed design of the complex, a three-way spring rotor is made and represented by a toroidal three-way rotor assembled and firmly fixed on a toroidal tube-shaped special mandrel (similarly as for the open version). Such a design of a closed complex with a three-start rotor is more complicated, but its indisputable superiority when using this complex in limited dimensions and volume for its placement on the main objects of missiles, helicopters, aviation, space, submarines, etc.

These disadvantages are eliminated in the proposed invention FEM PCR, containing body parts (housing with a cover, electric motors (main and distribution), fixed and connected through bearings) and a gearbox that transmits through it rotation from the electric motor to the output shaft, which differs from the prototype by using an elastic magnetically conductive multi-pair circular helical spring-rotor gearing according to figure 2, 3, 5, 6, made of a magnetically conductive spring, meshed and interacting with the cycloidal teeth ora gear ED and the camshaft (3). The prototype (figure 1) uses a rigid steel single-pair meshing of an obsolete involute profile [11] with the presence of backlash and clearance in the mesh, with the impact nature of its work, leading to significant friction, reduction of the service life and destruction of the prototype, and noise during operation leads to to detect it, which is unacceptable for military submarines, etc.

The multi-pair spring-loaded helical gearing of the invention according to FIGS. 2, 3, 5, 6 is characterized by larger transmitted moments, powers, reliability, durability, long service life with overloads (≥25 years) and efficiency ≥95% with optimal self-adjusting nature of operation in extreme conditions and when exposed to electromagnetic nuclear pulses.

The above advantages of the FEM PCR complex allow successful and economical use of the invention in transport using flywheel engines designed by N.V. Gulia on it [12].

The invention of the FEM PCR according to claim 1 differs from the prototype (in FIG. 1) in the cost-effectiveness, manufacturability and simplicity of design, which are so necessary for implementation and mass production, since industrial metallurgy and the manufacture of special steel springs of a very wide assortment in defense and civil engineering with significant experience and improvement of their manufacture, including chemoelectronic refinement of their interacting surfaces, allowing to ensure their implementation It has almost no losses with an efficiency of> 95%.

The design of the FEM PCR is new and perfect in that its elastic spring rotor with a convex cycloidal profile (protrusions) is constantly engaged with the concave profile (depressions) of the ED stator and camshaft gears, with a mirror image of the rotor spring rotor profile. These works are reflected in the works [2-6, 10] and the costs of its production are minimal and the production is practically waste-free and optimally, technologically advanced.

The manufacture of a magnetically conductive spring rotor, stator and mating gears is reduced by 5 times in cost with the expansion of its implementation in defense, machine-building, transport and other equipment. This increases the strength, reliability, service life of ≥25 years, transmitted amplified moments and power, with backlash-free, noiseless nature of its operation. It is also significant that the production of FEM PCR is of an economical assembly character from finished parts: steel, coil springs, rollers, silos, gears with a slight revision thereof. The production of the prototype of figure 1 is costly for metal, the transition of part of it to shavings, complex production technology (gear grinding, gear hobbing, heat treatment, etc.). Hence, the introduction of FEM PCR into rocket, space, and other equipment is promising.

The invention of the FEM PCR is characterized by spring-loaded circular helical gearing in the form of open or closed toroidal springs of a rotor welded into a torus design, characterized by a central, optimal, self-adjusting gearing of a cycloidal, round profile. It is optimal in multiparty and in that the round-screw convex profile of the spring rotor according to FIGS. 2, 3, 5, 6 is constantly mated to the concave profile (teeth) of the ED stator and gears [7, 8, 9, 11]. The prototype of figure 1 with an obsolete involute single-pair rigid engagement, the convex profile of the gear teeth engages with the convex profile of the gears of the wheels [11]. Hence, the prototype has backlash and gaps in the engagement, significant friction, the impact nature of its work, leading to destruction. As a result, the prototype has a low resource of work with overloads, unreliability and low efficiency (≤92%). The economics of the production of FEM PCR with its multi-pair circular helical spring rotor, rollers, gearboxes, gears are significantly higher than the economics of a prototype with outdated involute gearing. So in the manufacture of its gears and wheels 1/3 of the metal of the workpiece goes into shavings, losses. The production of FEM PCR is the most promising, economical, waste-free, mastered by industry [2-6, 10], and its operation is backlash-free with precision processing of command signals without loss of information and allows operation for more than 25 years. The service life of the prototype in the laboratory does not exceed 5 years.

The PCE PCR electric drive complex (according to FIGS. 2, 3, 5, 6) is distinguished by a more advanced new manufacturing technology, a balanced, elastic magnetically conducting spring rotor with circular helical gearing, with its central location and self-adapting optimal operation to the volume forces of the electromagnetic interaction of the electromagnetic fields of the stator and a magnetically conductive spring rotor in a sliding fit, if necessary with lubrication, and the magnetic interaction of volumetric round-screw engagement profiles Tatorey spring and holds the rotor in a closed magnetic circuit without an air gap, i.e. the optimum maximum use of electromagnetic energy of their interactions [7, 8, 9, 11]. The prototype with its one-sided rigid single-pair impact zone of engagement does not possess the above properties. The latter leads to significant losses of electricity in the prototype drive, with a further summation of friction losses in involute gear pairs, heat losses and the need for additional heat cooling. A new original satellite has been proposed in the MKE PCR electric drive complex, the role of which is played by a magnetic rotor rotating from the rotating electromagnetic field of the stator and rotating together with it (rotating electromagnetic field), according to FIGS. 2, 3, 5, 6.

By analogy with planetary gear, the role of the eccentric carrier in the invention is played by the rotating electromagnetic field of the ED stator.

The coupling of the stator (or its liner, ball engagement), the rotor in their joint gear engagement (in FIGS. 2, 6) is carefully worked out so that the engagement is free, on a sliding fit, without jamming of the rotor teeth in the stator cavities. The position of the rotor, its engagement, in all modes of assembly and operation, should be one-sided with direct contact of the teeth of the rotor with the stator cavities at a constant eccentricity value e between the axes of the stator and rotor [10]. This is a necessary condition for the normal operation of the FEM PCR complex.

The PCE PCR electric drive complex (according to claim 1) differs from the prototype in the more advanced design of the camshaft gears with respect to the structures of the hard gear meshing of the satellite block with a limited single-pair gearing zone of the prototype of FIG. 1. In the present invention, the gears are made according to the original technology with a multi-pair circular helical concave engagement profile of a cycloidal type and are in constant engagement with a circular screw convex profile of the spring rotor of the complex.

During operation of the complex, the rotation of the spring rotor through the gears of the camshafts with the ED is smoother, backlash-free, noiseless, without loss of transmitted information (Fig. 4).

The general design of the drives, rotor, gear with camshafts and electric motors is fixed on a common basis for a complex of drives, i.e. on the basis of the main units: submarines, helicopters, missiles, robots, etc.

The complex FEM PCR differs from the prototype in figure 1 in that the formation of eccentricity - e between the axes of the stator and rotor in figure 2, 6 is performed by physical electromagnetic interaction of the stator and the magnetically conductive rotor. The rotating electromagnetic field of the stator, along the axis of the stator, acts on the magnetically conductive rotor, which is one-sided and is attracted to the stator along the axis of the rotor. Between these axes, eccentricity arises and is constantly maintained - e. The eccentricity -e of the invention is negligible (of the order of units mm) and is compensated by the total mass of the rotor, camshaft gears and load. For the prototype, the eccentricity - e is formed by the accepted dimensions of the many nodes and parts to be mated, which leads to an imbalance of the drive and the need for its balancing, and the friction losses in the movable joints and the prototype shaft greatly complicate its operation and use.

Let us explain that the rotating electromagnetic field of the ED stator in interaction with the magnetic rotor of the invention strictly fixes and preserves the complete occurrence of the circular convex profile (protrusions, teeth) of the rotor in the circular concave (troughs) of the stator. In this way an eccentricity - e of the invention is formed and maintained. Thus, the eccentricity - e of the invention is formed by one interface unit (stator and rotor), and in the prototype the eccentricity is determined by many interface nodes between its units and the shaft, resulting in significant energy losses.

As a result, the service life of the invention reaches ≥25 years with a total efficiency of ≥95%, and the prototype does not exceed 5 years with less efficiency.

The PCE PCR electric drive complex of FIGS. 3, 5 differs from the prototype by the use of a new original gear design in it, which has new and useful properties for distributing and summing up energy parameters, moments and powers, and transferring them in the necessary directions. So in the distribution according to figure 3, 5, the electric power from the main electric motor, drive 1, through gears 3, camshafts 4 is transmitted to many additional electric drives, camshaft drives. This is the novelty, usefulness and advantages of the FEM PCR - it is structurally simple and practically without loss to transfer electricity from the main electric motor, drive to numerous drives of robots, units, mechanisms, helicopter propellers, rockets, space and vehicles. It is very important, new, useful and the summation of energy, when the total energy of the energy parameters of the moments and powers coming from all individual electric motors, drives (Fig.5), the energy of which is significantly amplified and concentrated on the main drive, electric drive 1 of Fig.5, providing the operation and operation of powerful, bulky, complex and expensive assemblies: observatories, ground-based locators for monitoring the flight of rockets, enemy space assets, UFOs, meteorites, and other equipment.

The FEM PCR complex is presented in 2 modifications: open according to FIGS. 2, 6 and closed according to FIGS. 3, 5, which is associated with the specific operation and operation of these modifications: volumes and dimensions according to their location, energy parameters of transmitted moments and powers, the possibility of simple and quick increase in the complex of 2 or more main drives, many additional drives in various combinations. The prototype of figure 1 does not possess the above characteristics.

, где Z_b - число витков пружинного ротора, Z_k - число заходов в их зацеплении, и для однозаходового зацепления Z_k=1.The PCR PCR complex of FIG. 6 differs from the prototype, with a single-pair rigid rotation transmission scheme, the presence of several different schemes and structures in it, operating in different modes of energy distribution and summation with different characteristics from each other. For the main version of energy transfer, distribution and summation, a complex with a single-start engagement design of the ED stator and the magnetically conductive rotor, for which the gear ratio i is determined by the dependence

where Z _b is the number of turns of the spring rotor, Z _k is the number of approaches in their engagement, and for single-engagement Z _k = 1.

, в перспективе допускающий его регулирование при эксплуатации. Трехзаходовый вариант комплекса на фиг.6 позволяет получить новые, полезные и преимущественные характеристики. Так конструкция его ротора (по фиг.6) выполнена из 3-х пружин, две крайние его пружины выполнены магнитопроводящими стальными, а средняя (третья) пружина выполнена медной электропроводящей. При включении 3-заходового комплекса в электросеть оптимальное вращение его ротора (с Z_k=3) обеспечивается более мощными взаимодействующими вращающимися электромагнитными полями статора ЭД и магнитопроводящего ротора. С увеличением мощности взаимодействия этих полей увеличиваются энергетические характеристики всего комплекса МКЭ ПЦР в целом. В итоге многофункциональный комплекс электроприводов - МКЭ ПЦР выполнен по совершенной эффективной конструкции с фундаментальными функциями распределения и суммирования энергии и ее параметров. При распределении энергия от главного электродвигателя (привода) распределяется с высоким КПД на многочисленные приводы ракет, роботов, подлодок и.т.д. Налицо простой, механически прочный силовой комплекс, допускающий перегрузки при эксплуатации и в агрессивных средах. Нова и функция суммирования комплексом энергии и ее параметров с усилением и концентрацией общих энергетических параметров со всех отдельных электродвигателей (приводов) на главном приводе, электростанции по обслуживанию мощных обсерваторий, локаторов. Внедрение суммирующего комплекса эффективнее изготовления единичных дорогостоящих сверхмощных главных силовых электродвигателей, приводов. Важно и то, что высокопрочный комплекс электроприводов обладает значительным резервом прочности, надежности и при ведении войны. Исследования показали его механически надежную эксплуатацию, работоспособность, живучесть даже в случаях попадания в него пуль, осколков, электромагнитных ядерных импульсов и т.д.Hence, the gear ratio i is determined by the number of turns of a single-start spring rotor and can be ≥100, etc. The second, new, multi-start, optimally three-way variant was adopted, with Z _k = 3, which has an expanded range of gear ratios

, in the future, allowing its regulation during operation. The three-way version of the complex in Fig.6 allows you to get new, useful and advantageous characteristics. So the design of its rotor (Fig.6) is made of 3 springs, its two extreme springs are made of magnetically conductive steel, and the middle (third) spring is made of copper conductive. When a 3-entry complex is connected to the power grid, the optimal rotation of its rotor (with Z _k = 3) is provided by more powerful interacting rotating electromagnetic fields of the ED stator and the magnetically conducting rotor. With an increase in the interaction power of these fields, the energy characteristics of the whole complex of FEM PCR as a whole increase. As a result, the multifunctional complex of electric drives - the FEM PCR is made according to a perfect effective design with fundamental functions of the distribution and summation of energy and its parameters. During distribution, energy from the main electric motor (drive) is distributed with high efficiency to numerous drives of missiles, robots, submarines, etc. There is a simple, mechanically strong power complex that allows overloads during operation and in aggressive environments. The function of summing up a complex of energy and its parameters with amplification and concentration of common energy parameters from all individual electric motors (drives) on the main drive, power stations for servicing powerful observatories, and locators is new. The implementation of the summing complex is more efficient than the production of single expensive heavy-duty main power motors, drives. It is also important that the high-strength complex of electric drives has a significant reserve of strength, reliability and in the conduct of war. Studies have shown its mechanically reliable operation, operability, and survivability even in the event of hit by bullets, fragments, electromagnetic nuclear pulses, etc.

Existing analogues and prototypes with their numerous and complex electrical wiring in the conditions of military operations are completely unprotected from damage by bullets, splinters, ignition and fire of electrical wiring and are unacceptable due to their unsuitability for use in wartime conditions.

Information sources

1. Patents of France (Pal. No. 1440594, 1966; No. 1452099, 1966; No. 1477772.1967), USA (Pal. No. 32589994.1966; EP 0286760 A1 10/19/1988).

2. Yakovlev A.F. et al. Glider cycloidal reducer. Patent No. 1802958 on the application 4854625/28 from 07/27/1990

3. Yakovlev A.F. et al. Glider cycloidal reducer. Patent No. 2059131 dated 04/07/1993 for the application 93-018248 / 28/017813.

4. Solovtsov N.E., Yakovlev A.F. Glider cycloidal reducer. Patent No. 2153613 dated July 27, 2000.

5. Solovtsov N.E., Yakovlev A.F. Electric drive with planetary cycloidal gearbox. Patent No. 2206805 dated 06/20/2003

6. Kirillov Yu.F., Yakovlev A.F. High power glider cycloidal gearbox. Patent No. 2251038 dated 04/27/2005

7. Soviet encyclopedic dictionary. Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. M .: Council. Encyclopedia, 1987, p. 915, 933, 1165, 1475.

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Claims (4)

1. A multifunctional complex of electric drives based on a planetary cycloid gearbox, comprising a housing with a cover, an electric motor, a magnetic rotor made in the form of a high-strength spring, the turns of which form circular screw protrusions, which are in constant engagement with the corresponding concave circular screw grooves of the magnetic conductive stator, the rotor is rotated around its longitudinal axis due to the impact on it of a rotating electromagnetic field created by the stator, and the specified rotation of the mouth the ora is transformed into its longitudinal movement due to the interaction of its protrusions with the reciprocal grooves of the stator, while the rotor is constantly engaged with at least one gear of the drive unit, made with a circular profile of a cycloidal type, while the engagement is made in such a way that summation and the distribution of energy parameters on the main drive, in addition, the electromagnetic interaction of the stator and rotor is carried out through a closed magnetic circuit without air gap. 2. The multifunctional complex of electric drives according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor is made open, and the design of the complex in its location is optimally and evenly balanced. 3. The multifunctional complex of electric drives according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor is closed. 4. The multifunctional complex of electric drives according to claim 1, characterized in that the engagement of the stator and rotor in a sliding fit is carried out using grease and with significant enhanced transmitted moments and powers.

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