RU2449521C1 - Device for subsurface tillage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device has a rectangular welded frame with systems of hinging and adjusting the depth of tillage, the latter of which is made in the form of support wheels. On the frame there are two rows of working bodies mounted, containing racks and center hoes. The hoes are mounted from two folding and folding-out semi-hoes with fixation of the semi-hoes position. The racks have a rectangular cross section with a knee at the bottom front part, and a triangular chisel is fixed to it by means of pins. The chisel is equipped with threaded holes and has a beveled bottom part with two tube brackets welded on each side. The brackets are used together with the fastening axes with a thread at the ends and tube brackets welded to the lancet semi-hoes, as hinge mechanisms for semi-hoes. The front part of the rack is made curved; it is coupled with the top plane of the chisel and is equipped with a point. The point is made curved according to the form of the front part of the rack, it is coupled with a chisel and secured with a screw. The point has a width equal to the width of the chisel, and is removable. The fairings are welded to the point at its sides, and fairings-fixers are pivotally attached to them. The hoes are fitted with turners. The turners have the shape of a cylinder and are mounted in windows cut in the semi-hoes with the ability to turn and thrust using the hole and square shaft drilled in the semi-hoes, inserted into the cross square hole made at the end of each agitator.

EFFECT: constructive implementation enables to reduce the energy while tillage due to streamlined working parts and labor consumption for folding and unfolding semi-hoes.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for continuous subsurface tillage, including in fields with many sites that do not allow moisture to precipitate.

Known cultivator KLD-2.0, KLD-3.0 (type "Smagard") see the products of CJSC "LKMZ", the company LLC "Agrodealer", catalog 2008-2009, Ukraine, Kharkov, p.10 ( tel. 8 (057) 7052517), containing a rectangular welded frame with an automatic coupler lock, on which two support wheels are mounted, which serve to adjust the depth of soil cultivation, and in two rows are working bodies containing rectangular posts with a C-shaped hook and with an arm at the end, to which lancet paws, ploughshare and bump are fixed with bolts.

The disadvantages of these cultivators are low technological capabilities (performs one operation), high energy costs (due to the adherence of the soil behind the baler and the chisel to the rack, to the bracket, so the soil is rubbed against the soil due to poor flow).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved economic effect is the "Device for tillage" (see RF Patent No. 2298302, A01B 35/28, A01B 35/26, BI No. 13, 2007), consisting of a rectangular welded frame with hanging systems, adjusting the depth of soil cultivation in the form of support wheels, on which working bodies are fixed in two rows, made in the form of racks with a beveled lower part, having brackets with a hole located in the middle of the racks, into which they are hinged on the ends by means of fastening axes with threads folding and unfolding lancet half-arms with position locks, the racks having a rectangular cross section with the lower front part in the form of a knee and equipped with a triangular shaped chisel on the front part with pins for mounting on racks with threaded holes, and into the threaded holes of the bit through holes in the brackets located in the middle and back of the racks, for mounting lancet half-holes through the tubular brackets, the mounting axis is screwed in, while the tubular brackets will limit whether the angle of rotation, and polulapah mounted turners trapezoidal shape.

The disadvantages of this design are the high cost of energy and labor:

- due to the fact that the soil sticks behind the chisel to the stand to the entire depth of processing when the half-flaps are spread out, therefore there is friction of the soil against the soil, and when the half-flaps are folded to the stand due to the lack of protection, the soil becomes clogged between the half-flaps and the stand ( due to insufficient streamlining);

- due to the presence of high frontal resistance of the front of the rack;

- due to the need for work when fixing the half-arms, as well as removal and installation of agitators.

The technical solution is to increase the streamlining of the working bodies and reduce energy costs during tillage and labor costs when folding and unfolding half-arms.

The solution to the problem lies in the fact that in the device for subsurface tillage, consisting of a rectangular welded frame with hitch systems, adjusting the depth of tillage in the form of support wheels, as well as with fixed two rows of working bodies, containing racks and lancet, equipped with agitators, collected of two half-legs folding and folding legs with fixing positions, and the racks have a rectangular cross-section with a knee in the lower front part, to which by means of pins the chisel is fixed flax-shaped, equipped with threaded holes and having a beveled lower part with two tubular brackets welded on each side, serving together with fastening axes with threads at the ends, as well as with tubular brackets welded to the pointed half-arms by hinged mechanisms for half-arms, according to the invention, the front part of the rack made curved, paired with the upper plane of the bit and equipped with a curved shape of the front of the rack, paired with a bit fixed by a screw, and also with a width equal to the width of the bit, with a removable mouthpiece with side-welded cowls, to which the cowls-clamps are pivotally mounted, and the agitators are cylindrical and mounted in windows cut out on half-holes with the possibility of rotation and stop using a hole drilled in half-holes and a square shaft inserted into the transverse square a hole made at the end of the agitator, and the mouth guards have an angular, C-shaped or rectangular profile, and the hinges of the fairing-clamps have spring elements.

New elements are that the front part of the rack is curved, paired with the upper plane of the bit and equipped with a curved shape of the front part of the rack, paired with a bit, a fixed screw, and also with a width equal to the width of the bit, with a welder with side fairings welded to the sides, to which fairings-clamps are pivotally fixed, and agitators have the shape of a cylinder and are installed in windows cut out on half-holes with the possibility of rotation and stop using holes drilled in half-holes and a square shaft, inserted it can be inserted into a transverse square hole made at the end of the agitator, the removable arms being angular, C-shaped or rectangular in shape, and the hinges of the fairing-clamps have spring elements.

The drawings show a device for subsurface tillage. In Fig.1 is a diagram of a General view in plan, in Fig.2 and Fig.3 is a view A (working bodies with open and folded half-flaps), Fig.4 is a top view of the working bodies with sections.

The device for soilless tillage consists of a rectangular welded frame 1 with hitch systems 2, adjustment of the depth of tillage in the form of support wheels 3, as well as with fixed two rows of working bodies containing racks 4, lancet, equipped with agitators 5, assembled two folding half-flaps 6 and folding legs with fixing positions. Racks 4 have a rectangular cross-section with a knee 7 in the lower front part, to which, using pins 8, a triangular-shaped bit 9 is fixed, equipped with threaded holes 10. Racks 4 also have a beveled lower part with two tubular brackets 11, 12 welded on each side, serving together with mounting axles 13 with threads at the ends, as well as with tubular brackets 14 welded to the pointed half-arms 6 by hinged mechanisms for half-holes 6. The front of the rack 4 is made curved, paired with the upper plane bit 9 and is equipped with a curved shape of the front of the rack, paired with a bit 9, a fixed screw 15, and also with a width equal to the width of the bit, a removable bushing 16 with side fairings 17 welded to which, using hinged canopies 18 19. The agitators 5 are in the form of a cylinder and are mounted in windows 20 cut out on half-holes with the possibility of rotation and stop by means of a hole 21 drilled in the half-holes and a square shaft 22 inserted into the transverse square hole made in the end e tedders 5. Removable bows 16 have angular 23, C-shaped 24 and rectangular profiles 25. Hinged canopies 18 of the fairing-retainers 19 have spring elements 26.

A device for subsurface tillage works as follows. To perform the deep-loosening technological operation, the agitators 5 are rotated together with the square shaft 22 in the hole 21 and hidden in the windows 20 of the half-opener 6. Then the half-opener 6 is unlocked, for which the fairing-clamps 19 are opened using hinged canopies 18. Using the tubular brackets 11, 12, 14 and the axes 13 screwed into the bit 9, fold the half-holes 6 to the uprights 4, and the cowl-locks 19 return to their original position in which they are held by the spring elements 26. This technique ensures the fixing of the half-holes 6. Pr the unit moving along the paddock set the required working depth by means of supporting wheels 3, bit 9, naralnik 16, fairings 17 and 19 and to join the rack 4 polulapy 6 act as a chisel. For superficial (plane-cutting) tillage, the half-holes 6 are laid out in a horizontal position and fixed in the same manner with the locking fairings 19. On the half-holes 6, the agitators 5 are turned all the way, which ensures that they protrude above the half-holes 6. When the tractor unit moves, triangular bits 9 cut the furrow and cut soil, and half-holes 6 tear off a cropped soil layer 500 mm wide. The torn formation crumbles with a chisel 9, stand 4 and agitators 5. The curved front part of the stand 4, the bracts 16 and the fairings 17 and 19 provide a smooth descent of the soil, eliminating the sticking and friction of the soil on the ground, thereby reducing energy costs. When changing the positions of the half-arms, there is no need to work with tools, thereby reducing labor costs. Wrenches 16 are kept from vertical movements by a screw, and from horizontal ones by welded fairings 17. Removable bows 16 are equipped depending on the type of soil: for heavy soils with angular 23, for medium soils with C-shaped 24 and for light soils with rectangular 25 profiles .

The proposed device for subsurface tillage is a universal technical tool for planar loosening of the soil and for deep loosening (chiseleva), it will reduce energy and labor costs.

Claims (3)

1. Device for subsurface tillage, containing a rectangular welded frame with hitching systems and adjusting the depth of tillage in the form of support wheels, two rows of working bodies are fixed on the frame, containing racks and lancet legs, assembled from two folding and unfolding half-arms with fixing the positions of half-arms equipped with agitators, while the posts have a rectangular cross-section with a knee in the lower front part, to which, by means of pins, a triangular-shaped bit equipped with threaded holes and having a beveled lower part, on each side of which two tubular brackets are welded, which serve together with fastening axes with threads at the ends and tubular brackets welded to the pointed half-arms, with hinged mechanisms for half-holes, characterized in that the front of the rack is curved with the upper plane of the bit and is equipped with a mouth curved in the shape of the front of the rack, and paired with the bit, and a fixed screw, and the mouth has a width equal to the width of the bit, and made removable, and fairings are welded on the sides from the sides to which the fairings-clamps are pivotally attached, and the agitators are cylindrical and mounted in windows cut out on half-holes with the possibility of rotation and stop using a hole drilled in half-holes and a square shaft inserted into the transverse a square hole made at the end of each agitator. 2. The device for subsurface tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that the removable arrays have angular, C-shaped and rectangular profiles for use on different types of soils. 3. The device for subsurface tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that the hinges of the fairing-clamps have spring elements.

Images