RU24482U1 - MULTI-STOREY BUILT-OFF DESIGN - Google Patents

Description

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The building envelope of a multi-story building

IPC Index - Е04В2 / 02 IPC Editorial Number - 7

Technical field

The invention relates to construction, namely to multi-storey construction and can be used in the construction of multi-layer walling.

State of the art

Known enclosing structure containing external brickwork, in the seams of which are fixed brackets connected to wooden measuring struts, to the ends of which sheets of the inner skin are attached (patent application of Russia No. 2134754). The joints of the sheets are plastered, and foam concrete, which is a heat-insulating structural layer, is poured into the space between the outer layer and the inner lining. The disadvantage of this design is the large wall thickness bearing the structural load, which makes it necessary to use structural and heat-insulating foam concrete with a density of 500,900 kg / m3. Due to wetting and subsequent drying of the wooden struts, warping of the sheets or destruction of the external brickwork may occur, and cold bridges form in the places where the ceiling rests on the walls.

Known enclosing structures consisting of external brickwork and aerated concrete blocks laid on the floor (Russian patent No. 2148129). Aerated concrete blocks produced by industry with a density of 400 kg / m3, and even more so of higher density blocks, do not meet the increased requirements for thermal protection of building envelopes (according to SNiP 11-3-79 of the 1998 edition). In this regard, additional thermal protection is used using mineral wool insulation or polystyrene foam (Russian patent No. 2151844). All this leads to an increase in wall thickness, loss of usable area, complicates and increases the cost of the enclosing structure.

A disadvantage of the known enclosing structures is also the cost of transporting the blocks, raising them to the floors, fighting during unloading, laying, the presence of cold bridges with poor quality blocks and laying them on the solution. On the other hand, the disadvantage of thermal insulation from polystyrene foam and other foams is their relative fragility, the release of hazardous substances when heated, and mineral wool insulation sags and loses its heat-shielding properties even with a slight increase in humidity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to reduce the thickness of the building envelope, simplify installation, and thereby reduce its cost.

placed between the fixed formwork along the edge of the slab and the second non-fixed formwork. A wall with such a structure is a monolithic structure devoid of cold bridges and consisting of two materials - heat-insulating foam concrete and material of fixed formwork. Cold bridges that could be formed by the floor itself are eliminated by the fact that the filling holes in the floor slabs are staggered and a monolithic heat-insulating foam remains in them.

Brief List of Drawings

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where

a fragment of the enclosing structure is shown, with a partial cutaway for a better display of the structure;

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

Along the edge of the supporting transverse wall 1 and the ceiling 2, an external fixed formwork 3 is installed, for example, in the form of masonry made of bricks or other small sized blocks. At a certain distance from it, an internal one is installed on the floor slab 2. fixed formwork 4, for example in the form of masonry made of bricks or small blocks. It is possible to use other types of fixed formwork, for example, from DSP sheets or other sheet materials mounted on a metal frame. The ceilings 2 contain filling holes 5 arranged in a checkerboard pattern to prevent the appearance of cold bridges, while the shape of the holes can be any. Between the masonry

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heat-insulating foam concrete 8 is poured through the filling holes 5 in the ceiling 2 so that it remains in the filling holes, which guarantees the completeness of filling the space between the formwork. Foam concrete with a density of 250-300 kg / m3 is poured in such a way that it completely fills the space between the masonry and remains in the filling holes. It is possible to fill foam concrete with lightweight fillers from polystyrene crumbs, for example, from polystyrene foam crumbs, which allows to obtain a density of 120-150 kg / m3, while the required vapor permeability is ensured. On the outside of the wall, fixed formwork 3, if it is not equipped with face brick, is protected by a plaster layer 7. The thickness of the gap between the masonry 1 and 3 is determined based on the density of foam concrete and current requirements of SNiP, for example, according to existing SNiP requirements, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer of foam concrete with a density of 220-250 kg / m is 280-300 mm.

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Claims (5)

1. The building envelope of a multi-story building, mounted between the floors and containing the outer wall and the insulating layer of cellular concrete, characterized in that the insulating layer is formed by a monolithic ultralight foam concrete of natural hardening, placed through the filling holes in the ceiling between the fixed external and non-removable internal formwork after their installation.  2. The enclosing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling holes are staggered.  3. The enclosing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that one or both of the formwork is formed by small plate blocks, for example, bricks.  4. The enclosing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam concrete contains fillers. 5. The enclosing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the expanded polystyrene chips are used as foam concrete fillers.