RU2447317C2 - Device for electric power generation due to water surface sloshing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: device for electric power generation due to water surface sloshing contains mechanical wave energy converter 3 connected kinematically with electric generator 6 in floated hull 2. Device is equipped with potential energy storage unit 4, self-oscillating unit 5 with escapement and gear systems. Mechanical wave energy converter 3 is connected through one gear system to potential energy storage unit 4 limited by drive gears and spinning spring fixed on it; through another gear system it is connected to self-oscillating unit 5 with escapement that transfers rotational torque to drive gear on shaft of electric generator 6.

EFFECT: design allowing conversion of wave and tide energy into electric power by reasonable method and provision of its uniform production.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of electric power and can be used to produce clean electricity by converting the energy of sea waves (including tides).

A device is known - a float wave power station (F03B 13/20, RU 2016227 dated July 15, 1994) containing a floating body and a mechanical transducer kinematically connected to an electric generator generating electricity depending on fluctuations in the aquatic environment.

The device generates electricity using the movement of a pendulum associated with a gearbox, the output shaft of which is connected to an electric generator.

The disadvantage of a float wave power plant is the dependence of its operation on the state of the sea, the inability to use it as a tidal power station, and the instability of the frequency of generated electricity.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device of this design, which will rationally convert the input energy of waves, tides into electricity, and changes in the parameters of the input energy (amplitude and frequency of the waves, the height of the rise-lowering of water) to a lesser extent affect the parameters of the received electricity. To create the possibility of uniform generation of electricity using a potential energy storage device, a self-oscillating unit and an anchor mechanism, regardless of the presence or absence of fluctuations in the water surface.

The technical result is achieved by generating electricity directly, i.e. by rotating the electric generator through various types of gear transmission systems, or by using a potential energy storage device by twisting the spring during the active oscillation of the water surface and unwinding it while calm, the so-called dead zone in electricity generation is smoothed out.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the device for generating electricity due to vibrations of the water surface, containing a mechanical wave energy transducer kinematically connected to an electric generator located in a floating casing, the device is equipped with a potential energy storage device, a self-oscillating unit with an anchor mechanism and gear transmission systems, while a mechanical wave energy converter is connected through one gear transmission system with a potential energy storage limited to cogs with a twisting spring fixed on it, and through another gear transmission system connected to a self-oscillating unit with an anchor mechanism that transmits torque to the drive gear on the generator shaft.

The potential energy accumulator converts the supplied kinetic energy of water indirectly to bring it into rotational (reciprocating) motion of the electric generator, but converts it into potential energy (lifted load, compressed springs) and accumulates, the self-oscillating unit is designed to economically consume the accumulated potential energy and maintain a constant level of rotation generator, the anchor mechanism is a regulator of the level of rotation of the generator and the consumption of accumulated ineticheskoy energy.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a possible variant of the device for generating electricity due to fluctuations in the water surface. A device, like a clockwork, made in a floating case, which is a case similar to the ship’s body, which has positive buoyancy (the ability to be on the surface of the water with any fluctuations in the aquatic environment), taking into account all the mechanisms located in it (3, 4, 5, 6 , 7) and contains:

1 - cargo;

2 - floating hull;

3 - mechanical wave energy converter;

4 - storage of potential energy;

5 - self-oscillating block;

6 - electric generator;

7 - control system.

Figure 2 shows a mechanical transducer of wave energy. The wave energy converter consists of a pinion gear (8) located outside the floating body through which a chain or cable is passed, one end of which is deadly mounted on the bottom of the reservoir, and the other is connected to a suspended load (1). A shaft rigidly fixed to the drive gear, by means of which it is rotated in different directions, is connected through a gland (9) to the gear transmission system of a mechanical wave energy converter located inside the floating body (2).

Figure 3 shows the gear transmission system of a mechanical transducer. The gear transmission system of a mechanical wave energy converter is a set of gears (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18) on shafts designed to convert the kinetic energy of water into rotational motion of a shaft connected to a potential energy storage device via a gear ( 16).

Gears (10, 13) are connected to the shaft in such a way that rotation in one direction does the work, and rotation in the other - idle.

Figure 4 shows the storage of potential energy. The potential energy storage device is a shaft limited by gears (16, 19) with a spring fixed on it (20) (it is possible to use springs of various types), twisted by rotating the shaft from a mechanical wave energy converter and untwisted in the absence of this rotation.

Figure 5 shows the gear transmission system of the self-oscillating unit. The gear transmission system of a self-oscillating block consists of gears (21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28), which is part of a self-oscillating block with an anchor mechanism and transmits a constant, one-way directed torque to the drive gear (29).

Figure 6 shows the anchor mechanism. The anchor mechanism consists of a trigger gear (26) with a reverse tilt of the teeth and an anchor pendulum (25).

Figure 7 shows the driven gears. There can be a different number of driven gears (30), the torque is supplied to the shafts of the electric generators (31), which generate electricity coming through the control system (7) to consumers.

A device for generating electricity due to fluctuations in the water surface works as follows: sea waves, water flow, wind change the position of the floating hull relative to the bottom. The load is fixed at the bottom of the reservoir by a chain or cable, passed through the pinion gear (8) of the mechanical wave energy transducer (figure 2). When the position of the floating body relative to the bottom, i.e. its sub-flooding or flooding, the load rises and falls, i.e. rotation of the pinion gear in different directions. Torque is transmitted from the drive gear (8) to the gear (11) rigidly mounted on the shaft (Fig. 3). In this case, the shaft passes through an oil seal similar to the ship’s (9), to prevent water from entering the inside of the floating hull.

Performing rotational movements in various directions, the gear (11) alternately rotates the gears clockwise (10), counterclockwise (12, 13). Gears (10, 13) are connected to the shaft in such a way that rotation in one direction does the work, and rotation in the other - idle. When the gear (11) is rotated clockwise, the torque through the gear (10), shaft and gear (17) is transmitted to the gears (14, 15) rotating counterclockwise. At this moment, the gear (13) through the gear (12) is idling and does not affect the shaft with the gear (18). When the direction of the torque of the pinion gear (8) changes counterclockwise, work (12, 13) takes place on the gear (18) and, accordingly, (14, 15). The gear (10) is idling. Note that with any change in the rotation of the drive gear (8), the gears (14, 15) rotate in only one direction. By idling gears (10, 13) we mean a connection in which during rotation there is a mechanical disengagement of the gears with the shaft, restored when the direction of movement is reversed - work.

Further, a one-way directed torque is transmitted to the gear (16) of the potential energy storage device (Fig. 4). The gear (16) through the shaft, rotating the gear (19), which further transfers the torque to the self-oscillating unit (Fig. 5), simultaneously spins the spring (20) fixed at one end to the shaft and the other to the housing. Changes in the position of the float body relative to the bottom transmit torque to the potential energy storage device in one direction. In the absence of this moment, the spring (20) begins to unwind in the opposite direction, creating torque on the gear (19). Gear (16) has a design similar to gears (10, 13) and operates in idle mode.

After that, the torque, having a different orientation, enters the gear transmission system, consisting of gears (21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28), which is included in the self-oscillating unit with an anchor mechanism (Fig. 5). * The torque is transmitted from gears (19) rigidly fixed to the shaft in various directions, depending on the incoming torque. When the gear (19) is rotated clockwise, the torque through the gear (21), shaft and gear (28) is transmitted to the gears (27, 26), rotating counterclockwise. At this moment, the gear (23) through the gear (22) is idling and does not affect the shaft with the gear (27). When the direction of the torque of the drive gear (19) changes counterclockwise, the gears (22, 23) work on the gear (24) and, accordingly, (26, 27). Gear operation (21) occurs in idle mode. Note that with any change in the rotation of the drive gear (19), the gears (24, 28) rotate in only one direction. The gear (26) is part of the anchor mechanism (6), consisting of a trigger gear (26) with a reverse tilt of the teeth and an anchor pendulum (25), which operates as follows. A constant moment of force M acts on a shaft with a rigidly fixed trigger gear (26), which in this system acts as a non-linear controller. When the trigger gear (26) rotates, its teeth transmit short-term force pulses to the pendulum P, due to which its oscillations do not damp. The kinematics of the mechanism plays the role of feedback in the system, synchronizing the rotation of the wheel with the oscillations of the pendulum in such a way that for the full period of the oscillation, the wheel rotates at an angle corresponding to one tooth.

The calculated oscillation frequency of the pendulums provides the specified characteristics and stability of the torque supplied to the gear (29) connected to the gears (30) of the electric generator drives (Fig. 7). The sizes of gears (29) and (30) are selected depending on the received torque power, the number and characteristics of electric generators (31).

The control system (Fig.7) provides security and control of mechanical and electrical devices involved in the process of generating electricity and transmitting it to consumers. Coordinates the operation of the device under various conditions of disturbing effects on the device for generating electricity due to fluctuations in the water surface.

Claims (1)

A device for generating electricity due to vibrations of the water surface, comprising a mechanical wave energy converter kinematically connected to an electric generator located in a floating housing, characterized in that the device is equipped with a potential energy storage device, a self-oscillating unit with an anchor mechanism and gear transmission systems, while the mechanical energy converter waves connected through one gear transmission system with a potential energy storage limited by gears with a clamp ennoy thereon screw spring and via another toothed gear system is connected to a self-oscillating unit with an anchor mechanism transmitting torque to the driving gear to the electric generator shaft.

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