RU2446352C1 - Burner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: gas injector burner contains flame stabilising tunnel, refractory mixture, 13 cylindrical agitators combined with common welded gas distributing chamber; each agitator has four drilled orifices at an angle of 25° to their axes. Burner includes casing welded to cylindrical gas distributing chamber, which is packed with refractory mixture, cast flame stabilising tunnel which is put on gas distributing chamber and casing and welded along the perimetre to cylindrical gas distributing chamber, includes air flow control device consisting of three steel brackets, control, three bolts, three nuts and three spring washers; besides, in cylindrical gas distributing chamber there arranged in the centre and on its periphery are agitators without head pieces, and between them (diametrically) there arranged are agitators with head pieces provided with cast ribs on their inner surface.

EFFECT: invention allows obtaining middle flame on periphery and long flame in the centre during combustion of gas-air mixture, increasing burner service life, improving the burner packing and lining process in heat or melting unit, and controlling the air flow.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The device relates to gas burners and can be used to burn gaseous fuel in the furnaces of boilers and industrial furnaces.

Close to the proposed invention, an analogue is a gas injection burner described in RF patent No. 2243447.

This invention, as well as the proposed one, can be used for burning gaseous fuel in the furnaces of boilers and industrial furnaces. In the analogue, as well as in the present invention, gas under pressure passes through nozzles injecting air necessary for combustion from the atmosphere, then gas and air enter the preliminary mixing chamber, where gas and sucked air are mixed. Thus, the analogue, as the proposed burner, contains a pipe for supplying gas, nozzles, a preliminary mixing chamber. Analysis of the design of the burner described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2243447 allows us to conclude that when burning a gas-air mixture, the long torch that the proposed burner has is not obtained. I assume that the burner described in RF patent No. 2243447 does not have a long service life due to the presence of three blade swirlers operating at high temperatures. The disadvantages include the fact that the burner is quite complex, and, as a rule, complex designs often break and have a relatively short service life. In addition, there are difficulties in setting up and adjusting (the size and number of additional channels and air supply, their location relative to each other, the geometry of the swirlers, and is finally determined for each type of size of the burner device individually during field tests).

The above reasons prevent the obtaining of a technical result, which is provided by the invention. Close to the proposed invention, an analogue is a gas injection burner described in RF patent No. 2358198.

This invention, as well as the proposed one, can be used for burning gaseous fuel in the furnaces of boilers and industrial furnaces. In the analogue, as well as in the present invention, gas under pressure passes through nozzles injecting air necessary for combustion from the atmosphere, then gas and air enter the preliminary mixing chamber, where gas and sucked air are mixed. Thus, the analogue, like the proposed burner, contains mixers located in a common welded gas distribution chamber in the form of pipes with a channel for aspirating atmospheric air and gas nozzles. Analysis of the design of the burner described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2358198 allows us to conclude that when burning the gas-air mixture, the long flame that the proposed burner has is not obtained, the thermal power of the burner is approximately three times less than the proposed one, install such burners in thermal and melting units of medium and high power impractical. In addition, the design of the burner does not provide a device for regulating the air supply.

The closest analogue (prototype) to the invention is a gas injection burner containing a flame stabilizing tunnel, refractory packing material, 13 cylindrical mixers combined by a common welded gas distribution chamber, four nozzles were drilled in each mixer at an angle of 25 ° to their axes (see Vintovkin A.A. et al. Burners of industrial furnaces and furnaces. Handbook, Intermet Engineering, M., 1999, pp. 305-307, p. 7.44).

The medium-pressure burner is fully pre-mixed and is designed to operate on natural gas according to GOST 5542-87. It is installed in the combustion chambers of boilers and other heat-using units operating under vacuum. In large boilers and large melting furnaces, the use of such burners causes difficulties due to the fact that the burner provides complete gas combustion at a torch length of about 1 meter (for information, see page 307. A.A. Vintovkin, M.G. Ladygichev, V. L. Gusovsky, T. V. Kalinova. Burners of industrial furnaces and furnaces. Handbook, Intermet Engineering - M .: 1999. - 560 p.). This is not enough with large bathtubs, for example, gas bathtubs of melting furnaces of a reflective type. In addition, if such burners are used in rotary kilns, the torch length is clearly not enough and the design of the furnace (filling window) will not allow them to be placed.

The burner mixers are made of carbon steel, so the burners have a short service life (from operating experience at Volga Resources LLC, Ekom LLC, Penza and UZTS-Stankolit LLC, Ulyanovsk). In addition, when the refractory mass is stuffed into the space between the mixers, it is shedding, since the position of the burner is horizontal or slightly inclined when stuffing and lining. The distance between the walls of the mixers is only 20 mm, which greatly complicates the process of stuffing the refractory mass into the space between the mixers. Further, in the burner there is no device for regulating air flow. For the above reasons, as well as the following disadvantages, obtaining a technical result, which is provided by the invention, is impossible.

The disadvantages of the burner, taken as a prototype, are:

- short burner life due to burnout of the refractory packing, sprinkling and, as a result, fusion of the ends of the burner mixers;

- small thickness of the burner mixers (3 mm), which leads to their rapid melting;

- difficulties in the process of filling the refractory packing mass of the space between the burner mixers due to the small distance between the mixers, as well as difficulties with the burner lining in the furnace, since it is necessary to lay out the burner tunnel.

The objective of the invention is to obtain an average on the periphery and a long torch in the center when burning a gas-air mixture, increase the life of the burner, improve the process of packing and setting the burner in a heat or smelting unit, and the ability to control air flow.

EFFECT: obtaining an average on the periphery and a long torch in the center during combustion of the gas-air mixture, increasing the life of the burner, improving the process of packing and lining the burner in a heat or smelting unit, and the ability to control air flow.

This is achieved by the fact that the burner containing the flame stabilizing tunnel, refractory packing material, thirteen cylindrical mixers combined by a common welded gas distribution chamber, four nozzles are drilled in each mixer at an angle of 25 ° to their axes, characterized in that according to the invention it contains a casing welded to a cylindrical gas distribution chamber, into which a refractory ramming mass is packed, a cast flame-stabilizing tunnel, which is worn on a cylindrical gas distribution the heating chamber and the casing, and welded around the perimeter to the cylindrical gas distribution chamber, contains a device for controlling the air flow, in addition, in the cylindrical gas distribution chamber there are mixers without nozzles in the center and on its periphery, and mixers with nozzles between them (in diameter) having cast ribs on the inner surface. Mixers, nozzles for mixers and a cast flame-stabilizing tunnel are made of heat-resistant cast iron Х28НДЗЮ2.

At the same time, heat-resistant cast iron used as a material for the manufacture of mixers, nozzles for mixers and a cast flame-stabilizing tunnel allows to increase the life of the burner.

In addition, the cylindrical design of the burner allows you to install in the center and on its periphery mixers without nozzles, giving an average torch in length (1.3 meters long), and between them (in diameter) to place mixers with nozzles having cast ribs on the inner surface, giving a long torch (2.6 meters long), which allows you to install burners in large boilers, in medium or large gas baths of reflective type melting furnaces, as well as in rotary kilns with an inclined or horizontal axis of rotation. The nozzles to the mixers, in the event of their burning (melting during long-term operation), are replaced with new ones, which ultimately increases the life of the burner.

It should be noted that in each nozzle with a length of 50 mm, there are 20 cast ribs on the inner surface, which have a lead-in (“sharpening”) of 7 mm in length, with a “sharpening” angle of 32 ° 30 ', the height of cast ribs is 2.8 mm . This design of the nozzle ensures the production of a long flare of 2.6 meters when burning a gas-air mixture.

At the same time, the introduction of a casing into the burner design, which allows filling the refractory packing mass into the space between the mixers before installing the burner in a heat or smelting unit, and also makes it possible to dry and calcine the burner outside the heat or smelting unit. The casing prevents the process of shedding the refractory packing material during its filling. Thanks to the casing and the increased distance between the mixers up to 35 mm, the process of filling the burner with a refractory packing mass is improved.

Moreover, the following refractory packing mass for lining the burner and filling the space between the mixers was experimentally developed by the author and tested on gas melting furnaces:

Chamotte mortar МШ 39 ТУ 14-199-119-200;

Technical lignosulfonate TU 13-0281036-89;

Powder ground clay PHB TU 1522-009-00190495-99;

Foscon (aluminochromophosphate mixture) TU 2149-150-10964029-01;

Water.

The refractory packing material after calcination has high hardness, high refractoriness, and considerable resistance to shedding at temperatures up to 1640 ° C. The life of the burner is significantly increased.

It is important to note that the introduction of a stabilizing tunnel into the burner increases the life of the burner and improves the process of lining the burners in a thermal or melting unit. Burner lining time is significantly reduced.

Finally, the introduction of a device for controlling the air flow into the burner makes it possible to control the air injected into the burner.

An introduction to the above burner design allows

successfully solve the problem.

Figure 1 shows a top view of the burner.

Figure 2 shows a section a - a of the proposed burner.

Figure 3 shows a section B - B of the proposed burner.

Figure 4 shows a mixer with a nozzle.

5 shows a mixer without a nozzle.

The present invention "Burner" consists of thirteen mixers, combined by a common welded cylindrical gas distribution chamber 1, to which, as in the prototype, a fitting 2 is welded along which natural gas is supplied. The cylindrical gas distribution chamber 1 is welded from sheet steel 4 mm thick. It drilled 13 holes with a diameter of 50 mm, into which 13 mixers were inserted and hermetically sealed, four of them pos. 3 mixers having nozzles, and nine mixers 4 without nozzles (Fig. 1).

Each mixer 3 with a nozzle is a casting and represents a pipe with a diameter of 59 × 10 mm and a length of 315 mm, in which four nozzles 5 are drilled at the periphery at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the mixer with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.4 mm at an angle of 90 ° (Fig. .four). The nozzle diameter and the diameter of the mixer are selected based on the conditions for ensuring the estimated gas flow rate by one mixer. The upper part of the mixer is turned to a diameter of 50 mm, a thread is cut into the lower part, onto which the nozzle 6 is screwed. Each nozzle 6 with a length of 50 mm has 20 cast ribs on the inner surface. Cast ribs on the side of the movement of the gas-air mixture have a lead-in "sharpening" with a length of 7 mm. The angle of "sharpening" is 32 ° 30 '. At the apex, the “sharpening” has a rounding radius of 0.2 mm. The internal diameter of the nozzle is 39 mm, the length of the thread is 12 mm. The height of the cast ribs is 2.8 mm. Each mixer 3 with nozzle 6 is obtained by investment casting from heat-resistant cast iron of the grade Х28НДЗЮ2 (Cr 25 ÷ 30%, С 2.2-3.0%, Ni 0.5-0.8%, Al 1.0-2, 0, Cu 2.5-3.5). The mixer with a nozzle having cast fins on the inner surface during combustion of the gas-air mixture has a long flame (length 2.6 meters). Each mixer 4 without a nozzle is a casting and is a pipe with a diameter of 59 × 10 mm and a length of 350 mm, in which four nozzles 5 are drilled at the periphery at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the mixer with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.4 mm at an angle of 90 ° (Fig. .5). The nozzle diameter and the diameter of the mixer are selected based on the conditions for ensuring the estimated gas flow rate by one mixer. The production method and material of the mixer without nozzle is the same as that of the mixer with nozzle. The mixer without a nozzle during combustion of the air-gas mixture has a 1.3-meter torch. A casing 7 of 3 mm thick steel sheet is welded around the perimeter of the gas distribution chamber 1, into which the refractory packing material 8 is packed. When packing with the refractory packing mass of space between the mixers, it does not crumble due to the walls of the casing 7. There are difficulties in the prototype burner when packing the refractory packing weighing 8 spaces between the mixers, since the distance between the mixers is only 20 mm, and their length is large. Good conditions for filling a refractory packing mass of 8 spaces between the mixers in the proposed burner are created by increasing the distance between the mixers to 35 mm. The lining of the burner and the packing of the space between the mixers is carried out by a refractory packing mass of 8, which was experimentally developed by the author and tested on existing gas melting furnaces. The refractory packing mass 8 for lining the burner and stuffing the space between the mixers has the following composition:

Chamotte mortar МШ 39 ТУ 14-199-119-200;

Technical lignosulfonate TU 13-0281036-89;

Powder ground clay PHB TU 1522-009-00190495-99;

Foscon (aluminochromophosphate mixture) TU 2149-150-10964029-01;

Water.

The refractory ramming mass 8 after calcination has high hardness, high refractoriness, considerable resistance to shedding at temperatures up to 1640 ° C. The life of the burner is significantly increased.

The process of preparing the refractory packing material 8 is as follows: the powder is soaked with ground clay for a day, then chamotte mortar is added in portions and the whole mass is constantly thoroughly mixed, technical lignosulfonate is added and everything is thoroughly mixed. In conclusion, with stirring, the phosphon and water are poured into the mixture. After stuffing the space between the mixers with a refractory packing mass, the burner is calcined at a temperature of 600-700 ° C for two hours.

It should be noted that before calcining the excess stuffed refractory mass 8 is cut off with a ruler. It is recommended that the burner be filled with a refractory ramming mass outside the heat or smelting unit. A burner packed with a refractory packing mass of 8 can be dried and calcined separately before installing it in a heat or melting unit. On the gas distribution chamber 1 and casing 7, a stabilizing tunnel 9 cast from heat-resistant cast iron Х28НДЗЮ2 is put on and welded along the perimeter to the gas distribution chamber 1. It is significant to note that the introduction of a stabilizing tunnel 9 into the burner increases the life of the burner and improves the process of lining the burners in a heat or melting unit . The design of the stabilizing tunnel 9 allows you to install the burner in a thermal or melting unit with any wall thickness. A burner is placed in the prepared niche in the burner wall and the cracks are covered with a refractory ramming mass, i.e. the lining process improves, becomes simple, less time-consuming. In the prototype, when burning a gas-air mixture, the nominal torch length is 1000 mm, and in the proposed burner around the periphery and center of 1300 mm, in the middle part - 2600 mm. This circumstance allows the burner to be used in large boilers, in medium and large gas baths of a reflective type of melting furnaces, as well as in rotary kilns with an inclined and horizontal axis of rotation.

A device for regulating air flow is introduced into the burner. It consists of three steel brackets, a regulator, three bolts, three nuts and three spring washers. Three steel brackets 10 with a thickness of 6 mm are welded to the cylindrical gas distribution chamber 1 “flush” with the upper plane of the mixers, along them as “guides” moves (slides) the regulator 11, which regulates the air flow injected into the burner (mixers) when supplied to it gas. The angle between adjacent steel brackets 10 is 90 °. Each steel bracket 10 has an 8 mm wide groove in which the bolt 12 can be moved and fixed when adjusting. The regulator 11 is made by stamping from a steel sheet 6 mm thick and has a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical gas distribution chamber 1. Thirteen holes are drilled in the regulator 11 diameter 39 mm, which are aligned with the holes of the mixers. The regulator has three protrusions with grooves that coincide with the grooves of the three steel brackets 10. The contours of the three protrusions of the regulator 11 completely coincide with the contours of the three steel brackets 10. All the three protrusions of the regulator 11 are marked for ease of adjustment. Suppose, for a specific composition of natural gas, gas is completely combusted in fission (risk), for example, third, therefore, this is the optimal consumption of natural gas by a burner at a given pressure and we fix it with three bolts 12, three nuts 13 and three spring washers 14 regulator 11 relative to faucet holes.

Nuts 13 are periodically recommended to be tightened.

The burner operates as follows. Gas under pressure is supplied through the channel of the nozzle 2 to the cylindrical gas distribution chamber 1. The jets of gas flowing out of the gas nozzles inject air from the atmosphere, which is necessary for combustion, which enters the pre-mixing chamber 16 through the channel 15, where the gas and sucked air are pre-mixed. The combustion of the main part of the gas-air mixture takes place in a refractory stabilizing tunnel 9, and the rest in the combustion chamber of the boiler or furnace.

Adjustment of air flow is usually carried out during the experimental, experimental melting on the furnace, as well as when changing the pressure or composition of the gas supplied to the burner.

A prerequisite for the normal operation of the burner is the presence of a vacuum in the combustion chamber within 1.5 ÷ 20 daPa (mm water column). The nominal gas pressure in front of the burner is 0.08 MPa. The burner can be easily lined, shut off with a refractory block and install one or, for uniform heating, several pieces in a melting or other thermal unit. Due to the presence of a stabilizing tunnel, the burner can be quickly installed and wired in a thermal or melting unit with any wall thickness.

Claims (3)

1. Gas injection burner containing a flame stabilizing tunnel, refractory packing material, 13 cylindrical mixers combined by a common welded gas distribution chamber, four nozzles are drilled in each mixer at an angle of 25 ° to their axes, characterized in that according to the invention contains a casing welded to a cylindrical gas distribution chamber into which a refractory packing mass is packed, a flame-stabilizing cast tunnel which is worn on the gas distribution chamber and the casing, and welded around the perimeter to a cylindrical gas distribution chamber, contains a device for regulating air flow, consisting of three steel brackets, a regulator, three bolts, three nuts and three spring washers, in addition, mixers without nozzles are located in the center and on the periphery of the gas distribution chamber and between them (in diameter) there are faucets with nozzles having cast ribs on the inner surface. 2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixers, nozzles for the mixers and the cast flame-stabilizing tunnel are made of heat-resistant cast iron X28NDZU2. 3. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractory ramming mass for lining the burner and stuffing the space between the mixers has the following composition:
Chamotte mortar МШ 39 ТУ 14-199-119-200;
Technical lignosulfonate TU 13-0281036-89;
Powder ground clay PHB TU 1522-009-00190495-99;
Foscon (aluminochromophosphate mixture) TU 2149-150-10964029-01;
Water.

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