RU136875U1 - INFRARED RADIATION BURNER - Google Patents

Abstract

An infrared burner device comprising a housing with a combustion zone, which is filled with a backfill in the form of a porous non-metallic material with heat resistance up to 1500 ° C, the housing is equipped with an exit window for flue gases, the ignition element is installed inside the backfill of the combustion zone, in the center of which a fuel injector is installed with perforations for spraying fuel, the fuel injector is connected to the fuel supply line with the ability to control the flow rate of either liquid or gaseous fuel, characterized by that the fuel injector is installed inside the perforated cylinder of the working combustion zone, which is fixed inside the housing, between the housing and the perforated cylinder an air collector is formed, to which the fittings are connected, which are connected to the compressor device via an adjustment valve, while a mesh nozzle is fixed over the outlet window of the housing emitter.

Description

The utility model relates to burners for burning liquid and gaseous fuels and can be used in various fields of chemical, oil refining, metallurgical industry, boiler building, material processing, construction and public utilities, as well as in the utilization of household and industrial waste.

Known burner device for infrared radiation [RU 2310129 C1, IPC6 F23D 14/12, publ. 05/10/2006], containing a gas supply pipe, a universal porous nozzle based on metal oxides, which is made in the form of a pipe up to 2000 mm long and up to 500 mm in diameter with open porosity having periodically varying cross-section pore channels. Open porosity of the nozzle is 60-70%. The variable cross section of the pore channels has a period length of 200-5000 μm. The porous nozzle is mounted on the supports in the boiler furnace and is attracted to the infrared burner by means of a flange and a stud. Flame control is carried out using an ionization electrode.

The process of burning a gas-air mixture occurs in the pores of the nozzle and on its surface. The process of preparing the gas-air mixture occurs inside the porous nozzle, forming a mixing chamber, then the gas-air mixture enters through the pores of the nozzle. Such a principle of preparing a gas-air mixture under certain conditions can cause a flamethrough during the combustion of explosive fuels.

The porous nozzles are made on the basis of metal oxides, so the method of its manufacture is very technological and expensive.

This infrared burner is capable of burning only gaseous fuel.

Known burner device for infrared radiation [RU 2100695 C1, IPC 6 F23C 3/00, publ. 12/27/1997], made in the form of a truncated cone filled with a porous medium to a height determined according to the expression:

h> h * = (G / (π · v *)) ^1/2 · ctg (α / 2) -R ₀ · ctg (α / 2),

where h is the height of the porous filling;

h * is the stabilization height of the combustion wave in the backfill;

G is the consumption of the mixture burned;

v * is the filtration rate of the combusted mixture at which the combustion wave in the backfill is stabilized;

- the angle of the cone;

R ₀ is the radius of the smaller base of the cone.

The value of v * included in this expression is determined experimentally. For this, a cylindrical quartz tube is filled with a porous medium. The gas mixture to be burned is purged through a porous medium and ignited. Gradually, changing the purge speed, v * is determined at which the combustion wave stabilizes. Then measure the range of values of v * for the proposed range of compositions of gas mixtures and set the values and Ro. The flow rate G of the combusted mixture is generally known. Having calculated the value of h * at the formula, at which the combustion wave stabilizes, the height of the porous filling h is established.

To obtain a divergent flow, the porous filling is formed in the form of a truncated cone and the mixture to be burned is fed into this filling from the side of the smaller base of the cone. Under such conditions, the combustion wave initiated in the porous backfill is self-stabilizing and does not go beyond it.

The burning of low-calorie gases and the lack of forced preparation of the gas-air mixture can cause chemical incomplete combustion of the fuel with the formation of toxic gases such as CO, NO _x , low efficiency, low unit power, and the possibility of the formation of an open flame on a larger surface the base of the truncated cone of the porous filling of the burner device of infrared radiation.

Known burner device of infrared radiation [RU 2125204 C1, IPC 6 F23D 14/16, F24H 1/40, publ. 01/20/1999], comprising a housing that includes a combustion chamber with an inlet for supplying a gas-air mixture serving as fuel, and with an exhaust outlet. A porous material with interconnected voids is placed in the casing, the porosity of which changes in the direction along the furnace space so that the pore size in the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture increases in the direction from the inlet to the outlet. The housing has two zones located one after another in the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture and having different pore sizes. The porous material is a heat-resistant spongy artificial material, ceramic or metal, the corresponding metal alloy. The porous material is heat resistant up to a temperature of 1500 ° C. Bulk material near the inlet consists of spherical grains with an average diameter of 5 mm, in a subsequent zone with an average diameter of 11 mm. The inner surfaces of the porous material or the grain surfaces of the bulk material are coated with a catalyst material. The housing has a cooling device made in the form of a coil surrounding the housing through which water flows. A control device is provided that blocks the supply of fuel to the combustion chamber when the coolant is shut off. The inner wall of the housing in the flame zone is shielded from thermal radiation using a liner of the corresponding material.

The process of preparing the gas-air mixture takes place in a separate mixing chamber, then it is fed into the combustion chamber filled with porous material, which in certain cases can cause a flamethrough when burning explosive fuels.

This infrared burner is capable of burning only gaseous fuel, making it less versatile.

This burner has two combustion zones and the pore size of the porous material increases along the course of the gas-air mixture. This affects the formation of an open flame at the outlet and can lead to chemical incompleteness of fuel combustion, i.e. to the formation of a significant amount of CO, and, consequently, to a decrease in efficiency burner device infrared radiation.

A known infrared burner device [C.B. Dolgov, A.S. Zavorin, A.Yu. Dolgikh, A.N. Subbotin. Tests of the flameless combustion device and infrared radiation // Bulletin of TPU. - 2013. - T. 322. - No. 4. - S. 39-42.], Selected as a prototype, containing a thermally insulated body with a combustion zone, in which porous material with heat resistance up to a temperature of 1500 ° C is placed, with interconnected voids for burning the air-fuel mixture. The housing is equipped with an ignition element and an outlet for flue gases. The housing is insulated from the outside. The frame of the working combustion zone is fixed inside the housing, filled with a backfill in the form of a porous non-metallic material. The frame is covered with a mesh nozzle emitter. The ignition element is installed inside the frame of the working combustion zone, in the center of which a fuel injector with perforations for spraying fuel is installed. Around the fuel injector around the circumference with the same pitch are the air supply nozzles. Each nozzle is made with perforations of rectangular cross section facing the fuel injector. The nozzles are connected to a compressor device with the ability to control air flow. The fuel injector is connected to the fuel supply line with the ability to control the flow of either liquid or gaseous fuel.

During operation with constant cyclic thermal loads of the burner device of infrared radiation, the mesh nozzle-emitter may burn out, as a result of which it will be necessary to replace it with a new mesh nozzle-emitter. This complicates the repair and operation of the infrared burner.

The primary combustion air is supplied without preheating it, which may affect the process of preparing the air-fuel mixture, thereby creating conditions for poor-quality preparation of the air-fuel mixture, and, consequently, to chemical incompleteness of fuel combustion and to reduce efficiency burner device infrared radiation.

The objective of the utility model is to ensure reliable operation of the burner device of infrared radiation.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the burner device of infrared radiation also, as in the prototype, contains a housing with a combustion zone, which is filled with a backfill in the form of a porous non-metallic material with heat resistance up to a temperature of 1500 ° C, the housing is equipped with an exit window for flue gases, ignition element installed inside the backfill of the working combustion zone, in the center of which a fuel injector with perforations for spraying fuel is installed, the fuel injector is connected to the fuel supply line with the possibility of regulation consumption of either liquid or gaseous fuel.

According to a utility model, a fuel injector is installed inside a metal perforated cylinder of the combustion working zone, which is fixed inside the housing. An air collector is formed between the housing and the perforated cylinder, to which the fittings are connected, which are connected to the compressor device through an adjustment valve. At the same time, a mesh nozzle-emitter is fixed above the output window of the housing.

In the proposed design, a perforated metal cylinder acts as a secondary emitter, having a high resistance to temperature influences and uneven distribution of heat fluxes in the combustion zone during the active oxidation of the air-fuel mixture. This increases the service life of the secondary emitter - the perforated cylinder at high temperatures, and therefore leads to an increase in the service life of the burner device of infrared radiation as a whole.

An air collector formed by the relative position of the perforated cylinder and the housing relative to each other, provides preheating of the primary air going to combustion due to heat exchange between the perforated cylinder and the air. This improves the quality of the preparation of the air-fuel mixture and ensures complete combustion of fuel even when substandard fuels are burned: with a high content of mineral finely dispersed impurities (sand, rust from pipelines and tanks, salt deposits, the presence of paraffin, etc.) and fuels with an inhomogeneous mixture structure ( fractional separation of its structure as a result of long-term storage).

Thus, the proposed design solution provides reliable and efficient operation of the burner device of infrared radiation.

In FIG. 1 shows a main view of a structural diagram of a burner device for infrared radiation.

The burner device of infrared radiation consists of a housing 1, inside of which there is a perforated cylinder 2 of the combustion working zone, inside of which a fuel injector 3 is installed.

The perforated cylinder 2 of the combustion working zone is made of stainless steel and filled with backfill 4 in the form of a porous non-metallic material with heat resistance up to 1500 ° C (for example, from cryptol, mullite, aerated concrete, etc.). Fuel injector 3 is a stainless steel tube with perforations for fuel atomization, which is connected to the fuel supply line through an adjustment valve. Between the housing 1 and the perforated cylinder 2, an air manifold 5 is formed by the space, to which the fittings 6 are connected, connected to the compressor device through a needle valve. The number and size of perforations in the cylinder 2 and in the fuel injector 3 depends on the nominal thermal power of the infrared burner and the size of the fractions of the backfill 4. At the top of the casing 1 there is an exit window 7 for removing flue gases, over which a mesh nozzle-emitter 8 is mounted.

Inside the backfill 4 of the perforated cylinder 2 of the working combustion zone, the ignition element 9 is installed.

The start of the burner device of infrared radiation in the work is carried out using a fuel injector 3, through which fuel is supplied (liquid or gaseous). Through the perforations of the injector 3, the fuel penetrates into the backfill 4 of the porous non-metallic material.

At the same time, through the fittings 6, air is supplied to the air manifold 5 towards the fuel injector 3 so that the air flow enters the backfill 4 of the porous non-metallic material. Using the ignition element 9 carry out the ignition of the burner device of infrared radiation. The combustion process proceeds in flameless mode, as occurs inside the backfill 4 of the porous non-metallic material. The perforated cylinder 2 and the mesh nozzle emitter 8 provide secondary radiation of thermal energy. The mesh nozzle emitter 8 provides the afterburning of combustible gases formed as a result of hydrocarbon conversion during combustion. The perforated cylinder 2 and the mesh nozzle-emitter 8 provide a barrier against possible entrainment of particles of the backfill 4 of the porous non-metallic material due to the relatively high speeds of air, fuel-air flows. Flue gas transport is carried out through the exit window 7.

Claims (1)

An infrared burner device comprising a housing with a combustion zone, which is filled with a backfill in the form of a porous non-metallic material with heat resistance up to 1500 ° C, the housing is equipped with an exit window for flue gases, the ignition element is installed inside the backfill of the combustion zone, in the center of which a fuel injector is installed with perforations for spraying fuel, the fuel injector is connected to the fuel supply line with the ability to control the flow rate of either liquid or gaseous fuel, characterized by that the fuel injector is installed inside the perforated cylinder of the working combustion zone, which is fixed inside the housing, between the housing and the perforated cylinder an air collector is formed, to which the fittings are connected, which are connected to the compressor device via an adjustment valve, while a mesh nozzle is fixed over the outlet window of the housing emitter.

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