RU2444887C1 - Tank for bulk materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to storage of bulk materials, particularly corn. The tank for bulk materials has a bottom, a side wall and a top made of woven fabric with polymeric coating, with capacity for most of the height is nominally of a conical shape, widening downwards. The top of the tank is equipped with a sealable flange. Into the bottom of the tank through the wall the discharge pipe passes with a sliding shutter on the lateral side. Inside the tank on the bottom the bearing support for the discharge pipe is installed, and throughout the bottom the diffusion pipes are placed, with one end connected to the collector ring, which, in turn, is connected to the discharge pipe.

EFFECT: flexibility, hermiticity and simplicity of manufacturing the tank as well as the possibility of its quick installation on the site.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of storage of bulk materials, in particular grain.

Known silo for storing grain, which is a metal cylindrical container with a cover-amplifier in the lower part (US patent No. 3318229, 1967). To provide the possibility of unloading grain through the unloading unit in the bottom, the tank needs a powerful foundation and additional supports that lift it above the foundation. The disadvantages of the silo are high capital costs and time for its construction, as well as increased material consumption in terms of unit of stored grain.

Silos for storing grain made of a flexible material, in particular a metal mesh (patent GB 1213709, 1970) or polyvinyl chloride (published application WO 99/28578, 1999), are also known. The first of these silos is too complicated because it needs an additional sealing shell. In the second case, the material of the container is not very durable during periodic straightening and compression in changing atmospheric conditions.

US Pat. No. 2,730,150, 1956, describes a grain silo with flexible walls of laminated paper impregnated with bitumen to protect the silo itself and its contents from atmospheric conditions. Such a hopper is even less strong and durable than the previous capacity.

Known flexible silo for grain, made of woven material, which has breathable surface areas and airtight areas, mainly in the bottom and side of the silo (patent JP 2000233834, 2000). The silo is designed primarily for transporting grain and is unsuitable and inconvenient for stationary storage.

A common drawback of all the mentioned containers is their narrow purpose: only as a container for bulk materials, in particular grain. For any grain processing processes (drying, cooling, humidification, etc.), before loading into storage or during storage, in most cases, grain is reloaded into specialized apparatuses and containers and reverse reloading after processing.

The proposed design of the tank allows you to significantly reduce the cost of drying, cooling and storage of grain. Its advantages are versatility, tightness, ease of manufacture, low capital costs for quick installation on the ground, environmental friendliness.

According to the invention, the container for bulk materials contains a bottom made of woven material with a polymer coating, a side wall and a top, and the container at most of its height has a nominally conical shape that extends downward. The top of the tank is equipped with a sealed flange. An unloading pipe with a gate on the side wall passes through the wall to the bottom of the tank. A support for the discharge pipe is installed on the inside of the tank, and diffuser pipes are distributed around the bottom, connected at one end to an annular collector, which, in turn, is connected to the discharge pipe.

To protect against accidental mechanical damage and, especially, from rodents in the case of grain storage, the lower part of the tank can be wrapped with a metal mesh and a metal sheet, which is covered and held by tightening rings. The bottom is usually protected by a rigid lining.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the container for bulk materials. Figure 2 - the location of structural elements and nodes on the bottom of the tank. A container with protective elements in the lower part is shown in Fig.3. Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the condensation drying of grain in a container according to the invention.

The bulk container (Figure 1) contains a top 1, a side wall 2 and a bottom 3 of woven material with a polymer coating, which allows you to isolate the contents of the tank from exposure to the outside atmosphere. The top 1 of the tank is equipped with a sealed flange 4. On the bottom 3 there is a support 5 for the discharge pipe 6, and diffuser pipes 7 are distributed around the bottom, connected at one end to the annular manifold 8, which, in turn, is connected to the discharge pipe 6 with a gate 13.

In Fig. 3, the protective elements of the container are indicated by 9 (metal mesh) and 10 (metal sheet). The metal, preferably steel, sheet 10 may be a single continuous sheet covering the entire periphery of the container or may be composed of several short sheets, but also covering together the entire periphery of the container. For a snug fit to the side wall 2 of the metal sheet 10, the latter is covered by one or more tightening rings 11. The position 12 in FIG. 3 indicates a rigid, preferably metal, lining under the bottom. Lining 12 is needed to protect the bottom of the container and its contents from damage by rodents.

The process of loading and unloading containers is quite clear from the design of the tank itself and does not need a detailed description.

The tightness of the container allows you to apply for drying and cooling the grain the so-called "condensation" type of drying (environmentally friendly), when the drying agent (air) moves in a closed loop (Figure 4). The drying agent moves in a closed circuit according to the principle of a domestic air conditioner. From the drying chamber, warm, moistened air is pumped to a heat exchanger-cooler, where it is rapidly cooled from 35 to 5 ° С. Water passes from a gaseous state to a liquid state, and condensation forms. It is diverted outward, beyond the limits of a closed loop. Then dry cold air enters the hot heat exchanger and heats up. Heated to 50 ° C air is returned back to the drying chamber.

If the task is not to dry, but to cool the material, then the hot heat exchanger is excluded from the circulation circuit. The cooling agent moves in a closed circuit, without communication with the heat of the atmosphere.

In both of these processing processes, the discharge pipe 6 serves to supply circulating air through the annular collector 8 and diffuser pipes 7 under the mass of grain filling the tank. When this gate 13 on the side wall of the discharge pipe 6 is translated into the closed position. To empty the container through the discharge pipe 6, the gate 13 is opened.

The optimal height of the container for storing grain is approximately 6-8 m, the diameter of the base is 5-8 m, the capacity is 100-200 tons, depending on the size of the container and the specific gravity of the bulk product.

An advantage of the invention is its versatility, which allows to organize the entire process of drying, cooling and storage in the same container. There is no need to transfer the product from one specialized container to another, which increases costs and damages the grain.

Claims (2)

1. A container for bulk materials containing a bottom made of a woven material with a polymer coating, a side wall and a top, the container at a large part of the height having a nominally conical shape expanding downward, the top of the tank having a sealed flange, passes through the wall to the bottom of the tank discharge pipe with a gate on the side wall, a support for the discharge pipe is installed inside the tank on the bottom, and diffuser pipes are distributed around the bottom, connected at one end to an annular collector, which th connected to the discharge pipe. 2. The container according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part it is wrapped with a fine-mesh metal mesh and a metal sheet, which is covered by tightening rings, and the bottom is protected by a rigid lining.

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