RU2441706C1 - Electrical purifier for gas medium with negative ion generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: purification systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to devices of purification and ionization of gas media. Electrical purifier includes body and collecting electrodes made as metal plates with holes making up channels for gas and equipped with partitions made of dielectric material. Electrodes are connected to the high voltage source with alternation of potential. One or more last electrodes 3 includes negative ion generator represented by metal rings outer diameter of which is equal to diameter of holes 9 in electrodes. Inside the rings uniformly on the internal surface there are metal needle pins 10 round or rhombic in section. Decrease of sectional area in needle pins is directed from the edges to the center of the ring so that the needle points are situated in the center of each ring. Rings are inserted into the electrode holes and are connected electrically both with needles and electrodes. The negative direct current voltage supplied to the generator electrodes and, through them, to needles, amounts to 5-6 kV.

EFFECT: air ionization with negative ions thus ensuring comfortable conditions for people in the premise.

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Description

The invention relates to a device for cleaning and ionizing gaseous media.

Known electric cleaner of dielectric liquids and gases with a water absorber [1], which includes a housing with two covers and fittings for entering and exiting them, precipitation electrodes made in the form of metal plates in the shape of the housing in plan, between which are columns of dielectric material, and between the precipitation electrodes there is a layer of solid water adsorbent from the gas to be cleaned, for example zeolite or silica gel, and the precipitation electrodes are connected to the high voltage source alternately sign of potential.

The disadvantage of this cleaner is the lack of a negative ion generator in it.

Also known is an electric cleaner of dielectric liquids (and gases) with a one-sided arrangement of holes in the electrodes [2], including a housing and precipitation electrodes with holes connected to a high voltage source with alternating sign of potential, between which are placed partitions of dielectric material, and the electrodes have one the hole is close to the edge, and when assembling the holes in the adjacent electrodes are diametrically opposed.

The disadvantage of this cleaner is also the lack of a negative ion generator in it.

Known electric cleaner of dielectric liquids (and gases) with rounded holes in the electrodes [3], including a housing and precipitation electrodes made in the form of metal plates with holes forming channels for the passage of gas, and equipped with baffles of dielectric material, and the electrodes are connected to a source of high voltage alternating the sign of the potential, and the holes are made with rounded edges.

The disadvantage of this electric cleaner, taken as a prototype, is the lack of a negative ion generator in it.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantage of the prototype, based on the placement in the electric cleaner of a negative ion generator, which makes finding people in a room with this electric cleaner more comfortable.

An object of the invention is the ionization of air in the room where the proposed electric cleaner is located, with negative ions, which provide more favorable conditions for people in this room.

It is known [4, 5, 6] that working electrical, radio and electronic equipment in rooms and cabs of equipment, such as automobiles, produce positive ions.

Also, during the movement of vehicles, in particular automobiles, due to friction between the surface of the body and air, a positive charge is formed on the vehicle body, which acts like a magnet, attracting negative ions. At the same time, the body shell repels positive ions, leaving them inside the cab. The result is an overabundance of positive ions and a lack of negative ions, and this leads to drowsiness, depression of the driver and passengers. And if this is not important for passengers, then for the driver it is a negative factor determining the safety of traffic and the ability to fulfill one’s functional duties, and given the significant duration of the vehicle’s movement, for example, the so-called “truckers”, this factor becomes even more influential on the driver. Therefore, the addition of negative ions to the air supplied to the vehicle cabin and passenger compartment, or to a room with various equipment, is the measure that helps to improve the working conditions of drivers and maintenance personnel and increase traffic safety. The airy atmosphere created by negative ions increases mental and physical performance. The number of mistakes made is reduced by 20%, information is assimilated 2-3 times faster, and this reduces the processing time, which is very important for drivers, especially in an emergency.

The molecules of the human body lose electrons in the process of life, i.e. are oxidized. Negative ions are air antioxidants (along with vitamins) and represent the molecules or atoms that make up air (oxygen, nitrogen, and other neutral gases) with one (or two) extra electrons. Giving these electrons to the cells of the human body, they prevent their oxidation and premature aging of the whole organism, which increases the duration of the professional activity of drivers, maintenance personnel, etc.

Negative ions stimulate the capture of oxygen by red blood cells, which is especially important for the human body when immersed in water, climbing to heights, in mines, etc.

Tearing the shell of microorganisms, negative air ions have a bactericidal effect [6].

Negative ions move in the air of the vehicle cabin or any other room and, in a collision with the surface of the skin and mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, lose their charge and turn into neutral atoms and molecules with high reactivity, i.e. all processes in the human body are amplified.

Negative ions penetrate the surface layers of the epidermis (the surface layer of the skin) and cause its cells to swell and form chemically active atoms and molecules in the skin from these ions, stimulating local metabolic reactions, increasing the supply of surface tissues with blood and stimulating its protection against pathogenic bacteria. All this is especially important for drivers of vehicles and other technical means that are stationary for a long time.

Also, air containing negative ions is a kind of screen reflecting the emission of positive ions from displays and other electronic equipment, which are quite a lot in the cab of a transport vehicle and other technical equipment, as well as in workrooms. In addition, negative ions, giving away their electrons, “close up potholes” in the molecules and atoms of human cell membranes after electrons were knocked out of their orbits by electromagnetic waves.

From the above it follows that the saturation of the air in the cabs of vehicles and equipment, and working rooms with negative ions creates a healthier environment that has a beneficial effect on the performance of service personnel, turns “dead” air into “living” and healing, with its simultaneous purification from mechanical impurities. As gas contamination of air with harmful impurities in Moscow showed this year, the use of an electric air purifier with a negative ion generator is vital.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in one or more of the last electrodes of the electric cleaner there is a negative ion generator, which consists of metal rings with an external diameter equal to the diameter of the holes in the electrodes, while inside the rings, metal needles of a round or diamond-shaped shape are uniformly located on the inner surface , in cross section, forms in which a decrease in the area of this section along the needles occurs from the periphery of the ring to its center so that the tips of the needles are located in prices tral portion of each ring and the rings are inserted into the holes and the electrodes are electrically connected with the needles and the electrodes, wherein the high voltage DC negative sign applied to the generator electrodes, and, through them, to the needles of 5-6 kV.

Comparative analysis allows us to conclude that the proposed device differs from the prototype by the presence of a negative ion generator in it, which makes it consistent with the "novelty" criterion.

Analysis of the known technical solutions (analogues) in the studied area allows us to conclude that there are no signs in them that are similar to the essential distinguishing features in the claimed device, and to recognize it as meeting the criterion of "significant differences". The use of all the new features can significantly improve the working conditions of drivers of transport and other technical equipment, operators and maintenance personnel.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of an electric cleaner of gaseous media with a generator of negative ions. It consists of a housing 1 with covers at the ends, into which the inlet 5 and outlet 6 fittings are screwed. In the cover on the outlet side there is a bleed valve 8. Inside the housing there are electrodes 2 and 3, made in the form of metal plates, connected by inputs 7 to different poles of a high voltage direct current source. Between adjacent electrodes is a partition 4 made of dielectric material.

Figure 2 presents the penultimate electrode 3 from the input, in which, together with the last electrode 2, a negative ion generator is located. According to the device, the electrodes 2 and 3 are the same. In the electrode 3, FIG. 2, there are openings 9 for the passage of gas into which metal rings with round or diamond-shaped metal needles 10 fixed on them are inserted, in cross section, in shape. Figure 2 shows the diamond shape, view "aa". The proposed gas purifier with a negative ion generator operates as follows.

Gas, in particular air, enters through the inlet 5, into the housing 1, passes through openings from one electrode 2 to the neighboring electrode 3, moving from one pair of electrodes to the next pair, touching the surfaces of the entire package of electrodes. Since each pair of electrodes is connected to terminals of a different sign of a high-voltage direct current source, due to the presence of an electrostatic field, particles of mechanical impurities will settle on the electrodes, and approaching the last two electrodes (two electrodes are taken for example, although there may be 1, and 3, and more), in which the negative ion generator is located, the gas will already be sufficiently purified from mechanical particles.

The needles 10 are supplied through electrodes 2 and 3 with a high voltage of 5 to 6 kV from the negative terminal of the power source. The positive electrode is the flow of gas (air) flowing through the openings 9 in the electrodes. In this case, an excess negative charge is obtained at the tips of the needles. It is known [7] that electric charges are concentrated on the sharp parts of the body, in this case it will be the tips and side faces of the diamond-shaped needles, and only the tips - at the round needles. But electric breakdown does not occur, but a glow discharge occurs (in the old days in Europe this phenomenon was called the “lights of St. Elm”). With such a glow discharge, negative ionization of atoms and molecules of gas (air) occurs due to the attachment of electrons flowing from the needles to them, i.e. the formation of negative air ions in the gas (air) flowing around the needle 10.

Professor Chizhevsky first created a similar device [8], which is called the "Chizhevsky chandelier." The negative ions formed, together with the gas (air) flow, exit the electric cleaner through the outlet nipple 6 and enter the room where the cleaner is installed, be it the driver’s cabin, the dispatcher’s room, the operator’s room, computer class, etc., where have a beneficial effect on people.

However, a glow discharge will occur if the voltage at the needles 10 does not exceed 6 kV. If this voltage is more than 6 kV, then a corona discharge will occur, in which, in addition to negative ions, ozone, oxides of nitrogen, carbon, etc., which are toxic to humans, will be formed [9]. Therefore, the voltage at the needles 10 cannot be increased above 6 kV. When the voltage on these needles is less than 4 kV, the glow discharge disappears and the formation of negative ions ceases. And the process of purification of gas (air) from mechanical impurities will slow down. Therefore, a voltage of 5 to 6 kV will be optimal both for cleaning gas from mechanical particles and for the formation of negative ions.

The round shape, in cross section, of the needles 10 allows electrons to drain only from the tips of the needles. The diamond-shaped shape of the cross sections of the needles 10 leads to the draining of electrons from both the tips of the needles and from the sharp lateral edges, which enhances the process of formation of negative ions.

The proposed gas purifier with a negative ion generator can significantly improve the working conditions of people, especially those who are in rooms with an excess of positive ions.

Information sources

1. Patent for invention No. 2379115. "Electric purifier for dielectric liquids and gases with a water absorber." RF, priority of September 22, 2008.

2. Patent for the invention No. 2385176. "An electric cleaner of dielectric liquids (and gases) with a one-sided arrangement of holes in the electrodes." RF, priority of August 11, 2008.

3. Patent for invention No. 2377072. "An electric cleaner of dielectric liquids (and gases) with rounded openings in the electrodes." RF, priority of August 18, 2008.

4. Scepter V.P., Zorkina A.V., Bespalov N.N. Treatment with oxygen ions. - Saransk: Moscow State University, 2000.

5. Prospectus for the ionizer "ANION company" Gobest International ".

6. Ponomarenko G.N. St. Petersburg: Military Medical Academy, Department of Balneology and Physiotherapy.

7. Yavorsky V.M., Seleznev Yu.A. A reference guide to physics for applicants to universities and for self-education. - M .: Nauka, 1989 .-- P.203.

8. J. "Radio", No. 6, 1997. - P.33.

9. Aviation medicine. / Edited by Professor A. Babiychuk - M .: Publishing house "DOSAAF USSR", 1980. - P.69.

Claims (1)

An electric cleaner of gaseous media with a negative ion generator, including a housing and precipitation electrodes, made in the form of metal plates with holes that form channels for the passage of gas, and equipped with baffles of dielectric material, the electrodes being connected to a high voltage source with alternating sign of potential, characterized in that that in one or more of the last electrodes of the electric cleaner there is a negative ion generator, which is a metal ring with an external diameter a diameter equal to the diameter of the holes in the electrodes, inside the rings, metal needles of a round or diamond-shaped cross-section are uniformly radially arranged on the inner surface of the cross-section, in which the decrease in the area of this cross-section along the needles occurs from the periphery of the ring to its center so that the needle tips are located in the central parts of each ring, and the rings themselves are inserted into the holes of the electrodes and are electrically connected with both the needles and the electrodes, with a high DC voltage of a negative sign supplied to the electrodes of the generator and through them to the needles, is 5-6 kV.

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