RU2441580C1 - Method for estimation of reserves of physical health and working capacity of population - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention is referred to the field of medicine and physical education. The testing is performed in passive, active and recovery diagnostic phases, with strict adherence to the order of functional loading test as described in patent RU 2147208. The test estimates medical and physiological parameters based on the age-related statistical models of health. The recovery phases shall be established within 2-3 minutes after Ruffier probe, after push up test and tucking test. The testing interactions are performed with the motivation established by the demonstration of tests by qualified specialist or by animated subject on screen. ^ EFFECT: method allows increasing the validity of estimation of health reserves and working capacity of a person. ^ 1 dwg, 21 tbl, 5 dwg, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, physical education and can be used in monitoring the reserves of physical health and health of children, adolescents, youth and adults. The method can be used for a mass examination of the psychophysical state of human health, will allow you to objectively assess the potential of labor collectives, evaluate and monitor the level of public health, teach methods of self-control and assessment of the physical health of each person, identify and timely eliminate physical imperfections and risk factors of the human body, issuing timely recommendations for individual motor mode. In the field of sports medicine, the method allows testing functional readiness, physical performance, and other characteristics of the state of the human body in order to select means of exposure that are adequate to the tasks of physical training, their quality and objective assessment of test results (Karpman V.L. et al. Testing in sports medicine. - M.: Physical education and sport, 1988).

A known method for assessing the reserves of physical health and working capacity of the population (Dushanin S.A. et al. Self-monitoring of the physical condition. - M .: Health, 1980), which consists in the passive, active and restorative phases of diagnosis, while the weight-gain coefficient is determined in the phase of passive diagnosis , pulse at rest, blood pressure, vital indicator of respiration with a spirometer, maximum oxygen consumption, reflecting aerobic performance; in the phase of active diagnostics, the flexibility of the spine is assessed in the test with an inclination forward from the bend position on the gymnastics bench with the fingers fixing for two seconds a possible lower point on the measuring line, the visual-motor reaction in the test with the falling line capture, the strength endurance of the muscles of the hands and the shoulder girdle by measuring the number of push-ups from the floor, performed in 30 s, the strength endurance of the abdominal muscles, determined by the number of movements performed in 30 s from the supine position Pina with outstretched hands behind his head in a sitting position in the group with girth knee feet with both hands; in the recovery phase of the diagnosis, the recoverability of the pulse is determined (in the Ruffier test), and the assessment is carried out by obtaining a generalized indicator in the form of an index of the physical condition.

In this case, the measurement of flexibility is carried out by registering the point of touch with the fingers of the hand mark below or above the zero point (it is at the stop level) when performing a forward bend from a standing position on a step with legs straightened at the knees and fixing the touch for two seconds. The speed of the compression reaction is evaluated by the “relay test” by the compression speed of the falling ruler with the strongest hand, for which the distance from the lower edge of the palm (previously extended forward with open fingers of the hand, palm edge down) is measured at the moment the ruler is compressed to the zero mark of the ruler, which before lowering it parallel to the palm of the subject at a distance of 1-2 cm.

The dynamic force is estimated by measuring the maximum height of the upward jump from a place.

Speed endurance is estimated by calculating the maximum frequency of lifting straight legs to an angle of 90 ° from a supine position for 30 seconds. Speed-strength endurance is estimated by calculating the maximum frequency of flexion and extension of the arms in the supine position (“push-up”) for 30 s. Total endurance is determined in an indirect way by registering a fixed state of a physical indicator (for example, heart rate) during a certain time of exposure to a variety of physical activities (running, swimming, cycling, rowing, skiing or ice skating).

Measuring operations of the recovery phase are reduced to measuring the pulse before and after the perception of physical activity (for example, before and after 20 deep squats for 40 s or before and after a 10-minute run with a 10-minute pause after it).

The assessment of a person’s physical condition is carried out by simply summing up the number of points assigned according to the results of measurements of the corresponding physical indicators.

This method allows you to give a comprehensive assessment of the physical condition of the subject and to evaluate the individual sides of his body, however, he has the following main disadvantages.

Both the complex of measured indicators of the active phase of diagnosis and the implemented nature of the test effects (their type, intensity and dynamics of implementation) do not allow to reliably determine the physical condition and reserve capabilities of the body and do not provide the required information content of the diagnosis.

This is due to the fact that, firstly, the active diagnostic phase in the known method does not imply and does not prescribe the implementation of its inherent test effects, which follow in the form of a single complex and in a certain sequence with or without fixed pauses, and the lack of taking into account the state of the organism determines the unreliability of the results of the subsequent testing impact, because ignores the dynamics of relaxation processes during the phase of active diagnosis itself and, therefore, does not reveal the adaptive capabilities of the body. Secondly, the practice of carrying out functional diagnostics of the physical condition and comparing the results obtained with subsequent observations of the state of the test person indicates that the information obtained as a result of the listed testing effects inherent in the known method does not allow a reliable assessment of a number of indicators that really characterizing the physical state of the human body, namely, to assess the state of its cardiovascular system and aerobic Moznosti, which also reduces the information content and accuracy of diagnosis.

In addition, the test actions and the measured parameters of the recovery phase suggest the determination of the body's response to physical effects, the nature of which is different from the nature of the test actions carried out in the active phase of diagnosis. This circumstance also reduces the reliability of assessing the physical condition and reserve capabilities of a person, since this ignores (does not take into account) the characteristics of the cumulative reaction of the body to the combined effect carried out in the active phase of diagnosis, which in fact is the desired result, given the fact that it is the complex the active phase should ensure the manifestation and registration of such indicators, the totality of which adequately reflects the physical condition and reserve capabilities of the body.

Finally, the classification of diagnostic results also seems to be quite subjective, both due to the fact that the assigned number of points is made without taking into account the characteristics of the factors noted above in the analysis of the active and recovery phases of diagnosis, and due to the lack of proper physiological justification of the number of points for most physical indicators, measured at diagnosis.

The known method also does not allow:

- provide an assessment of the individual index of the physical condition;

- issue normative indicators of the ideal psychophysical state, taking into account age, gender, weight and height, developed by experts of the World Health Organization and ensure their comparison with individual ones;

- give out indicators of the vital physiological systems of your body, namely: the state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, overall performance, aerobic capabilities of the body, the ratio of weight and height, the level of development of the muscular system and a number of motor qualities;

- Get recommendations on individual motor mode.

The known method does not allow to obtain an integral numerical indicator of physical health and the presence (or absence) of reserve capabilities of the human body - an individual index of physical condition, estimated using a computer program on a 6-point scale (from 0.5 to 6.0), which allows to evaluate in a single scale as a specific person, and to compare among themselves individual people, groups, regions.

Closest to the proposed method is a method for assessing the reserves of physical health and working capacity of the population (RF patent No. 2147208, class A61B 5/02, publ. 2000), which consists in the passive, active and restorative phases of diagnosis and algorithms for evaluating medical and physiological parameters organism based on age-related statistical health models, while

in the phase of passive diagnosis determine: body weight, height, body type; heart rate at rest; resting arterial blood pressure; lung capacity

in the phase of active diagnostics, strictly sequentially measure:

change in heart rate in a 3-minute sitting test with a cardiomonitor; the body's resistance to hypoxia with the most arbitrary breath holding on inhalation; heart rate adaptation reaction in the Ruthier test with 30 squats in 45 seconds and after 1 min of recovery using a cardiomonitor; the speed of the visual-motor reaction in the test with the capture of a falling ruler with a brush; functional mobility of the spine in the test with leaning forward in a sitting position and fixing the fingers for 2 seconds at the most remote point on the measuring scale; the function of controlling complex coordination movements defined in the test with successive throwing from a distance of 3 meters and catching 6 tennis balls bouncing off the wall; functional performance of the muscle group of the hands, shoulder girdle and back, evaluated in the test with the maximum possible push-ups from the floor in 30 seconds; functional performance of the abdominal muscle group, evaluated in the test with the maximum possible number of movements from the supine position to the sitting position, with the knees wrapped around the arms for 30 seconds; general physical performance and functional reserves of the cardiorespiratory system, determined in the test with sequential increment of 3 minutes on two uneven platforms and continuous registration of heart rate using a cardiomonitor,

in the recovery phases of diagnosis determine:

heart rate after 1 min of recovery after the Rufier test;

initial heart rate before the next functional load test; heart rate after 1 min of recovery after a 6-minute step test on differently high platforms, while all indicators recorded in the diagnosis of the human body are converted into numerical indices based on the corresponding rating scales and tables of weighting coefficients of their significance in the corresponding age group and compared with the values of the ranges norms from the age-related statistical model of physical health, summarize the weight coefficients of individual medical and physiological indicators, image I am an integral index of a person’s physical health and working capacity in terms of a universal age scale, while the person’s health and working capacity reserves are rated as “excellent” with a level of 5.1-6.0 points, as “good” with a level of 4.1-5 , 0 points, as "satisfactory" at 3.1-4.0, as "unsatisfactory" with a level of 3.1-3.0, "bad" - 1.4-2.0, and "very bad" - 0 , 5-1.3 points.

The known method has insufficient accuracy in assessing the level of health reserves and human performance, as it does not take into account the motivational component in the assessment.

In addition, the lack of strict regulation of the sequence of procedures does not allow the assessment to provide sufficient relaxation of individual subsystems of a person, which reduces the accuracy of the assessment.

The objective of this method is to take into account the influence of strict regulation of the sequence of tests and the time of their execution, as well as the influence of motivation when performing tests.

The technical result consists in increasing the accuracy of assessing the reserves of health and working capacity of the population.

The result is achieved in that in the method for assessing human health and working capacity reserves, which consists in the passive, active and restorative phases of diagnosis and algorithms for evaluating the physiological and physiological parameters of the body based on age-related statistical health models, the phase of passive diagnosis determines: body weight, height body type; heart rate at rest;

resting arterial blood pressure; lung capacity

in the phase of active diagnostics, strictly sequentially measure:

change in heart rate in a 3-minute sitting test with a cardiomonitor; the body's resistance to hypoxia with the most arbitrary breath holding on inhalation; heart rate adaptation reaction in the Ruthier test with 30 squats in 45 seconds and after 1 min of recovery using a cardiomonitor; the speed of the visual-motor reaction in the test with the capture of a falling ruler with a brush;

functional mobility of the spine in the test with leaning forward in a sitting position and fixing the fingers for 2 seconds at the most remote point on the measuring scale; the function of controlling complex coordination movements defined in the test with successive throwing from a distance of 3 meters and catching 6 tennis balls bouncing off the wall; functional performance of the muscle group of the hands, shoulder girdle and back, evaluated in the test with the maximum possible push-ups from the floor in 30 seconds; functional performance of the abdominal muscle group, evaluated in the test with the maximum possible number of movements from the supine position to the sitting position, with the knees wrapped around the arms for 30 seconds;

general physical performance and functional reserves of the cardiorespiratory system, determined in the test with sequential increment of 3 minutes on two uneven platforms and continuous registration of heart rate using a cardiomonitor,

on the recovery phases of diagnosis, the following are determined: the heart rate after 1 min of recovery after the Ruthier test; initial heart rate before the next functional load test; heart rate after 1 min of recovery after a 6-minute step test on differently high platforms, while all indicators recorded in the diagnosis of the human body are converted into numerical indices based on the corresponding rating scales and tables of weighting coefficients of their significance in the corresponding age group and compared with the values of the ranges norms from the age-related statistical model of physical health, summarize the weight coefficients of individual medical and physiological indicators, image I am an integral index of a person’s physical health and working capacity in terms of a universal age scale, while the person’s health and working capacity reserves are rated as “excellent” with a level of 5.1-6.0 points, as “good” with a level of 4.1-5 , 0 points, as "satisfactory" at 3.1-4.0, as "unsatisfactory" with a level of 3.1-3.0, "bad" - 1.4-2.0, and "very bad" - 0 5-1.3 points

they carry out testing with a strict sequence of 8 functional load tests and regulated recovery phases between them (no more than 2-3 minutes), which is controlled by a stopwatch and a cardiomonitor, provide motivation for the subject by accompanying the on-screen demonstration of the test by an animated subject, and controlled medical physiological indicators of the body for people of different sex and age and uniform (for sigmal deviations of the estimated ranges) for all indicators, and As well as age-weighted tables of weighting coefficients in the integrated assessment of the reserves of health and working capacity of a person aged 6-60 years, the results of a human diagnosis are displayed in the form of a physical health passport with a numerical and graphical assessment of each medical and physiological indicator and an integrated assessment of the state of the body and level of physical performance .

According to the proposed method, testing is carried out in three main areas:

1. Physical development and functional and somatic indicators (height, weight, blood pressure, lung capacity (VC), respiratory arrest, resting pulse and relaxation).

2. The functionality of the cardiorespiratory system and the main parameters of its performance (Ruffier, PWC 150, 170).

3. Indicators of motor qualities (coordination, strength endurance, visual-motor reaction, flexibility).

Of the variety of indicators of the state of the body of the subject according to the proposed method include only those that are the most informative and widely used in the practice of mass screening of the population and cover the most important properties of human health. Among these indicators according to the present method include the following: weight-gain coefficient; pulse at rest (heart rate - heart rate); blood pressure (blood pressure, systolic, diastolic pressure); vital indicator (vital capacity of the lungs - VC);

resistance to hypoxia (hypoxic test Stange); visual-motor reaction (ZDR); adaptability of the cardiovascular system; spinal flexibility; strength endurance of the muscles of the hands and shoulder girdle; strength endurance of the abdominal muscles; coordination of movements; overall performance; oxygen consumption; stroke volume of blood; minute volume of blood circulation; maximum pulmonary ventilation; pulse recovery; ability to relax.

Based on these indicators, well-known integral characteristics are calculated, in particular, the individual index of the physical condition (IFS) of the human body is calculated (Fudin N.A. Comprehensive program for assessing the state of health and functional capabilities of the human body. - M .: ARiNA, 1996).

The individual index of the physical condition of the body of the subject according to the present method is determined using the developed evaluation scale, which is also used to evaluate individual physiological parameters that reflect the potential of the functional systems of the body. The normative and evaluation table for each measured or calculated indicator is focused on the physical characteristics of the age and gender of the subjects, expressing each indicator of a person by the value of points on a six-level scale. This approach allows us to compare all categories of the population in a single relative measurement system to assess the level of physical condition and reserve capabilities of the human body. The method for calculating an individual index of physical condition (IFS) is based on the use of a system of weighting coefficients for each of the measured psychophysical parameters.

Numerical weighting coefficients - analogues of psychophysical parameters are determined on the basis of factor analysis and expert assessment for age categories of the population.

Consider the implementation of the proposed method and the procedure for obtaining the indicators used in the method in the passive, active and recovery phases of diagnosis.

Determination of weight coefficient.

The method of calculating the coefficient and normative and evaluation tables are based on determining the number of grams of body weight per 1 cm of its growth. The accuracy of the assessment will be higher if we take into account the type of addition of the human body - normosthenic, asthenic or hypersthenic. With these features in mind, normative body weight tables have been developed for people of different height, gender and age.

This program uses weight-gain coefficients proposed in (Orlov V.A. et al. A comprehensive program for assessing the state of health and functional capabilities of the human body. - M .: ARiNA, M., 1996). These coefficients are presented in table 1.

The algorithm for determining the qualitative assessment of the weight-bearing index (Fig. 1) for a particular person in a computer program consists in a direct enumeration of the table coefficients depending on gender and type of body composition. The coefficient of the table is calculated by dividing the weight of a person in grams by his height in centimeters.

Pulse at rest (heart rate - heart rate).

This indicator is important in assessing the condition of the heart and vascular system. The heart rate (HR) at rest is calculated by palpation for 1 min on the radial or temporal artery in a sitting position after a 5-minute rest. The rarer the pulse, the more effective the heart. At a heart rate of 75 beats per minute, the duration of one heart cycle is on average 0.8 s, of which 0.3 s are for ventricular contraction and 0.5 s for their relaxation and rest. A well-trained heart at rest is reduced 40-50 times in 1 min, providing optimal blood circulation and lengthening the pause of rest and recovery for the heart muscle itself. A detrained heart with a weakened heart muscle is usually characterized by an increased frequency of contractions at rest. A simple assessment of the functional state of the heart is based on this feature. In the proposed method, the entire range of possible heart rate values at rest is divided into 6 zones, each of which has a qualitative assessment (Table 2).

The algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of heart rate at rest (figure 2) consists in sequentially sorting the boundary values of heart rate for a specific qualitative assessment depending on the measured value of the heart rate and the dependence on gender and age of the person being examined.

Arterial pressure.

Arterial pressure (BP) at rest is measured by the standard method on the brachial artery in a sitting position after 5 minutes of rest. Blood pressure indicators characterize the state of the circulatory system and, in particular, the general peripheral resistance to blood flow. Direct measurements of blood pressure in different vessels show that in large and medium arteries, blood pressure drops by only 10%, and in arterioles and capillaries - by 85%. This means that 10% of the energy expended by the ventricles of the heart to expel blood is spent on its movement in large vessels, and 85% - on the movement of blood in arterioles and capillaries.

A well-developed capillary network (the sum of the diameters of all capillaries is approximately 500-600 times larger than the diameter of the aorta) provides optimal blood circulation, while blocking a certain part of the capillary network leads to excess peripheral resistance for blood flow, increased blood pressure and unnecessary mechanical stress on the heart.

In healthy adults, the maximum blood pressure at rest is 105-120 mm Hg. With age, maximum blood pressure rises by 5-10%. The minimum blood pressure in adults is on average 60-80 mm Hg. The pulse pressure or pulse difference is 35-50 mm. There are no differences in blood pressure standards between men and women, but most authors identify age-related blood pressure standards.

To determine the proper individual norm of blood pressure in this work, the following form is used (V. Dubrovsky. Sports medicine. - M .: VLADOS, 1999):

men:

HELL _max = 109 + 0.5 · age + 0.1 · body weight;

BP _min = 74 + 0.1 · age + 0.15 · body weight;

women:

Blood pressure _max = 102 + 0.7 · age + 0.15 · body weight;

BP _min = 78 + 0.17 · age + 0.15 · body weight.

As can be seen from the formulas, the algorithm for determining the individual norm of blood pressure is quite simple, to calculate it, you need to know the age and body weight of the subject. In this method, a qualitative assessment of resting blood pressure is performed on a six-point scale (Table 3).

The algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the blood pressure indicator (Fig. 3) is also based on direct enumeration and comparison of the normative and measured values of the indicator taking into account the age of the subject, however, the enumeration here is somewhat more complicated and will require more time, since the standards are a structure of two indicators (upper and lower blood pressure).

Vital indicator.

The vital indicator is determined after measuring the vital capacity of the lungs (VC) using a spirometer (water or mechanical). Calculations are made by dividing the value of VC in milliliters by body weight in kilograms. An underdeveloped pulmonary apparatus with a small tidal volume can serve as one of the reasons for the poor oxygen supply of the body even with little physical exertion. With a prolonged absence of physical exertion, intercostal and other muscles that provide respiratory movements reduce their performance and do not reveal the alveolar area in full. Under these conditions, part of the unused alveoli of the pulmonary parenchyma cease to fulfill their function. In the absence of physical exertion, lung volume and vital indicator gradually decrease, which leads to a decrease in gas exchange efficiency and a lack of oxygen even with light physical exertion. Table 4 shows a six-level scale for assessing vital indicators for people of different ages and sexes. Figure 4 presents the algorithm for determining the qualitative assessment of the indicator VC.

Resistance to hypoxia.

Hypoxic test (Stange test) consists in an arbitrary maximum breath holding, which is performed in a sitting position without previous hyperventilation. The subject takes a deep breath, exhales slightly, and this stops breathing for the maximum possible time. Interpretation of the separately considered indicator of breath holding is difficult, since it depends on such subjective factors as the volitional qualities of a person and the sensitivity of chemoreceptors to changes in the voltage of carbon dioxide in the blood. However, in conjunction with blood pressure, heart rate, vital indicator and weight index, the hypoxic test carries a fairly objective information load in assessing human health. When constructing an algorithm for obtaining a qualitative assessment, in this work, a normative-estimated six-point scale is used (Table 5). The algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the indicator is presented in figure 5.

Hand-eye reaction.

The visual-motor reaction is evaluated in the test with the capture of the falling line. Subject stands with arm extended forward at shoulder level. The researcher sets a ruler 40-50 cm long with a zero mark at the level of the index and thumb of the subject. When both are ready for the test, the line suddenly drops and begins to fall vertically down. The test subject, seeing the fall of the ruler, must react and catch it with the movement of only one brush. The distance that the falling line will cover will show the magnitude of the visual-motor reaction. The test is repeated three times. The best result is recorded. Table 6 shows the six-point rating scale for this test, which is based on the static processing of the results of our own mass examinations of the adult population.

Flexibility of the lumbosacral spine.

The flexibility of the lumbosacral spine is measured in the test with an incline forward from a standing position on the gymnastics bench with the fingers fixing for two seconds a possible lower point on the measuring ruler. During bending, bending the knees is not allowed. The zero mark of the ruler is set at the bench level. If the subject does not reach the zero mark, his flexibility is estimated by the number of centimeters with a minus sign (-). With good mobility in the lumbosacral spine, the result is expressed in centimeters with a plus sign (+). The flexibility in this test reflects the physical condition of the lumbosacral spine, as well as the extension of the ligaments and muscle apparatus of the posterior surface of the back and lower extremities. In people who perform work in conditions of physical inactivity and do not engage in physical exercise, quite often there is a pronounced limitation of the flexibility of this spine, which increases the risk of osteochondrosis, lumbosacral radiculitis, and other chronic diseases. Table 7 presents the results of mass surveys of adults aged 30 to 55 years old, employed in various areas of production and management, whose activities proceed under conditions of hypodynamics. A six-point scale allows you to perform a qualitative assessment of the flexibility of the spine, sprains of the ligaments and muscle system. Figure 6 presents the algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the index of flexibility of the spine.

Strength endurance of the muscles of the hands and shoulder girdle.

The strength endurance of the muscles of the hands and shoulder girdle is measured by the number of push-ups from the floor, performed in 30 s. Men do push-ups with a strictly straight body, touching the floor with only their toes and palms of their hands. Women push up, leaning on the floor with their knees. Table 8 presents the rating scale used in the method for men and women.

Figure 7 presents the algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the power endurance of the muscles of the hands and shoulder girdle.

Strength endurance of the abdominal muscles.

The strength endurance of the abdominal muscles is determined by the number of movements performed in 30 s from the supine position with the arms extended behind the head to the sitting position in a group with the girth of the knees of the legs with both hands. Table 9 presents the rating scale used in this method. On Fig presents the algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the strength endurance of the abdominal muscles.

Coordination of movements.

Coordination of movements (dexterity) is determined in the test with throwing into the wall in a designated circle with a diameter of 50 cm and catching balls bouncing off the wall at a distance of 3 m. The test subject successively throws 6 balls into the wall at a level of 2-3 m from the floor and catches bouncing balls, three times with your left and three with your right hand. The scale for the qualitative assessment of the results of testing of coordination of movements used in this method is given in Table 10. Figure 9 presents the algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the index of coordination of movements.

Pulse recovery (in the Ruffier test).

The testing procedure begins with a measurement of heart rate at rest, sitting, after a 5-minute rest (P ₁ ). Then 30 deep squats are performed in 45 s (under the metronome) with arms straightened in front of you. During the rise, the arms fall along the torso.

The physical work performed by a person for 30 squats depends on his height and the amplitude of the vertical movement of part of his body (about 80%) and per 1 kg of weight is from 13 to 18 kgm / kg in 45 s. For example, a person with a body weight of 75 kg, when doing 30 squats in 45 seconds, will do physical work at 975-1350 kgm.

Immediately after the end of 30 squats, the pulse (P ₂ ) is measured in a standing position, and after a minute rest - in a sitting position (P ₃ ).

Assessment of the rate of pulse recovery (Ruffier index) is performed according to the formula:

and is classified according to table 11.

A high level of reserve capabilities of the cardiovascular system ensures the fulfillment of this test load mainly due to an increase in stroke volume of the blood with a slight increase in the pulse rate, while a depleted heart and blood vessels will lead to an increase in heart rate and delayed recovery of the pulse after exercise, which will be accompanied by a high index Ruffier. Figure 10 presents the algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the rate of recovery of the pulse (in the Ruffier test).

Overall performance.

This is one of the most important components of human health. In world practice, a large number of different test programs have been developed for the integrated assessment of these parameters. The most accurate and advanced programs are implemented in the laboratory using bicycle ergometers and treadmills with automatic control of the load power and measuring the response of the functional systems of the body. Evaluation of indicators of a person’s physical working capacity at a pulse of 130, 150 or 170 beats / min, as well as determination of the maximum aerobic power by measuring the maximum level of oxygen consumption makes it possible to accurately assess the state of physiological systems of the body, the availability of reserve capabilities (or lack thereof), first of all cardiovascular, respiratory and neuromuscular systems.

For mass surveys of the population, the Harvard step test is often used with a step on the step, as well as its various modifications. The proposed method uses a nine-minute step test with successive lifting for 3 minutes for each of the three steps with a height of 20, 30 and 40 cm. For women, the steps are 10, 20 and 30 cm respectively.

The testing procedure consists in the fact that the researched performs a climb to the 1st step, the lowest, within 3 minutes. Immediately after the end, the heart rate for 10 s is calculated. Then, without a pause, nagging continues for 3 minutes to the 2nd step. The pulse is again counted for 10 s, after which the climb to the 3rd step is performed without a pause. After the end, the heart rate is calculated. Heart rates are converted to beats per minute. The pace of stepping on the step is constant - 30 lifts in 1 min. A metronome is used to maintain the pace of the exercise.

Calculation of the power of the load when striding on the steps is carried out according to the formula proposed by P.M. Amosov

N = M · N · T · 1.33,

where N is the load power when treading a step in kgm / min;

M - body weight in kg;

N - step height in meters;

T - the number of lifts per step in 1 min;

1.33 - correction factor, taking into account the work performed during the descent from the stairs.

The general characteristics of the 9-minute step test for men on steps 20, 30 and 40 cm at a pace of 30 times in 1 minute (3 minutes on each step) are given in Table 12. The calculations in this table are performed for a person weighing 70 kg. As can be seen from the table, the power of the test load was: at the step of 20 cm - 578 kgm / min, 30 cm - 838 kgm / min and 40 cm - 1157 kgm / min. The total amount of work for 9 minutes of stripping (all three steps) is 7719 kgm. The maximum heart rate during sequential treading on each of the three steps is 137, 162 and 175 bpm, respectively. The oxygen consumption on the 20 cm step was 1.64 l / min; 30 cm - 2.10 l / min; on a step of 40 cm - 2.5 l / min.

The calculations were performed for a body weight of 70 kg.

N - power output (kgm / min);

Heart rate - heart rate (beats / min);

PO ₂ - oxygen consumption (l / min);

IOC - minute volume of blood flow (l / min);

LV - pulmonary ventilation (l / min).

To deliver the required amount of oxygen to the working muscles and organs, the subjects had to carry out quite intensive ventilation of the lungs, which averaged 75-80 l / min on a 30 cm step and 90-95 l / min on a 40 cm step. Using the formulas of the dependence of the load power, heart rate, oxygen consumption and minute volume of blood flow presented in the literature, the average values of cardiac output and stroke volume of blood were determined at each of the three steps of the test.

Table 13 shows the similar characteristics of a six-minute step test on the steps for women.

In untrained adults, performing a step test on the steps may be accompanied by an increased heart rate already at the first or second step. In this case, it is proposed to focus on the recommendations of Academician A.N. Amosov and stop the further test load when reaching 80% of the proposed age-related maximum heart rate. The estimated age-related maximum heart rate and the level of 80%, acceptable with a three-step test step, are given in table.14.

The physiological information obtained by carrying out the proposed test presents wide opportunities for researchers. Given that in a stepwise increasing load between the power of the work performed, oxygen consumption and heart rate (up to a heart rate of 75-80% of the individual maximum), there is a close correlation, the following individual parameters can be calculated with the accuracy acceptable for mass examinations:

PWC ₁₃₀ , PWC ₁₅₀ , PWC ₁₇₀ - indicators of physical performance at the corresponding heart rate (kgm / min);

MPC - maximum oxygen consumption: absolute (l / min) and relative (ml / kg / min);

IOC - minute volume of blood flow (l / min);

UOK - stroke volume of blood (ml / beats);

O ₂ pulse - oxygen pulse (ml / beats).

To determine the value of PWC - 130, 150 or 170, a graph is built (Andersen and Smith-Siversten method - 1966), on the vertical axis of which there is a heart rate scale, and on the horizontal axis - the scale of mechanical work power on each of the three steps (Fig. 11) .

Heart rate indicators recorded after 3 min of climb to each step are plotted on the coordinates of the graph. In the case when the subject successfully completed the steps on all three steps, the PWC and IPC calculations will achieve maximum accuracy. The connection on the graph of the measured values of the tested person’s heart rate and extrapolation of this line to the heart rate level = 170 (if this test did not achieve the heart rate value) with the subsequent lowering of the perpendicular to the power scale will determine the individual relative indicator of physical performance PWC kgm / (kg / min). In figure 11, the test subject - "A" PWC ₁₇₀ was 15.8 kgm / (kg / min), and the test subject "B" - PWC ₁₇₀ was 13.2 kgm / (kg / min). To calculate the absolute value of PWC _170, it is necessary to multiply the relative indicator by the subject's body weight.

If the subject cannot fully perform the step test, then it is limited to only two steps. In this case, the accuracy of the PWC graphical definitions is reduced. In such a situation, it is better to use the formula proposed for calculations (Karpman V.P. et al. Testing in sports medicine. - M.: Physical education and sports, 1988):

where N ₁ is the power of the first load; N ₂ - power of the last load; P ₁ - heart rate at the end of the first load; P ₂ - heart rate at the end of the last load.

The assessment of the individual relative indicator PWC ₁₇₀ , identified in the 6-minute three-step step test, is performed according to the normative table.15. For older people or having restrictions on testing with a high heart rate, PWC ₁₅₀ is calculated and evaluated according to the normative table.16. The algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the overall performance indicator is presented in Fig. 12.

Oxygen consumption.

The maximum oxygen consumption (IPC) as an integral value reflecting aerobic performance was recommended by the World Health Organization as the most reliable method for assessing a person's physical performance. The individual value of BMD very reliably reflects the functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Satisfactory and good development of the oxygen transport system of the body is an indispensable condition for intense physical performance, which provides a sufficiently high individual level of PWC ₁₇₀ . Persons who have deviations in the functional circulatory system, impaired hypodynamic indicators of the cardiovascular system (heart disease, atherosclerotic vascular lesions, etc.) have a low level of BMD. In clinical medicine, direct measurements of BMD are used to clarify the diagnosis of diseases, prognosis and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment and preventive measures.

Many authors point to a high correlation between PWC ₁₇₀ and IPC. To calculate the value of the IPC in this development, the formula of V.L. Karpman is used

IPC = 1.7PWC ₁₇₀ +1240,

where PWC ₁₇₀ is expressed in absolute value (kgm / min).

After calculating the individual absolute value of the IPC (in l / min), it is necessary to determine its relative value by dividing this value by the weight of the subject (in kg) and express the IPC in ml (kg / min), after which the obtained value is estimated according to the normative table.17 . On Fig presents the algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the indicator of oxygen consumption.

Stroke volume of blood.

PWC ₁₇₀ and heart volume have a strong enough connection. The correlation coefficient between them approximately reaches r = + 0.62, and for highly trained athletes, the relationship between the PWC ₁₇₀ values and the maximum stroke volume of blood (Q ax 0) reaches the value r = + 0.851. The maximum stroke volume of blood is calculated by the formula

Q _max (in ml) = 0.08 PWC ₁₇₀ (in kgm / min) +25

The standard error of this formula is ± 25 ml at a 90% probability level.

With a certain degree of conditionality, this dependence can be extended to the category of untrained practically healthy adults and the stroke volume of blood can be calculated based on the PWC ₁₇₀ measured in the step test. The maximum shock (systolic) volume of blood illustrates well the capacity of the left ventricle and the power of the heart muscle, which throws out this volume of blood into the aorta with its reduction. This indicator is quite clear and convincing for all categories of subjects. Assessment of the maximum stroke volume of blood, calculated according to the above formula, is performed using the normative table. 18. On Fig presents the algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of stroke volume of blood.

The minute volume of blood circulation is associated with stroke through the heart rate and is measured by the formula

Q _min = Q ax 0 · P ₁

Heart rate recovery.

The three-step step test represents a load of submaximal power and presents increased requirements for all functional systems of the body. At the same time, heart rate and blood pressure can increase up to 80-100% of individual maximum values.

As is known, the rate of restoration of physiological functions after performing submaximal loads reflects well the physical condition and effectiveness of the compensatory mechanisms of the human body. Therefore, monitoring the dynamics of heart rate and blood pressure within 1-3 minutes of the recovery period can significantly expand and specify the physiological state of the human body.

After performing a step test at three steps and measuring at the finish heart rate for 10 s, the subject should continue walking easily for several minutes and after 1, 2 and 3 minutes of recovery, heart rate is measured. An estimate of the heart rate recovery rate after 1 min of rest after a six-minute step test (provided that the heart rate reaches the maximum age at the finish of the test) is presented in Table 19. The algorithm for determining a qualitative assessment of the rate of recovery of the pulse is shown in Fig.15.

Calculation of an individual index of a physical condition (IFS) of a human body.

A comprehensive methodology for assessing the psychophysical state of health and the reserve capabilities of the human body is based on a six-level rating scale, which is also used for the qualitative assessment of individual physiological parameters that reflect the physical qualities and potential of the functional systems of the body. Regulatory and evaluation tables for each measured or calculated indicator take into account the specific features of the age and gender of the subjects, expressing each indicator by the numerical value of the points on a six-level scale. This approach allows you to compare all categories of the population in a single measurement system and use the integrated scale to assess the physical condition index (IPF) and the reserve capabilities of the human body.

The method of calculating an individual health status index is based on the use of a system of weight coefficients for each of the 18 measured parameters. Table 20 shows the structure and normative value of the weight coefficients of each indicator included in a comprehensive program for assessing human health.

Calculation of individual IFS is carried out after a full-exchange examination of a person according to the program described above according to the following algorithm: at the first stage, the numerical expression of each individually measured indicator is transferred to a point-based assessment system that allows you to interpret the state of a specific physiological system of the human body. The second step in the algorithm for calculating the IFS is to find, according to Table 20, the values of the weight coefficients of each of the 18 parameters. For example, according to the self-assessment of the subject, motor activity corresponded to 3 points; smoking intensity is equal to 1 point; the intensity of alcohol consumption is 6 points. According to table 20, we determine the values of the weighting coefficients for these parameters. They are equal to: 0.15; 0.01; 0.20. Summing this part out of all 18 weighting factors (0.15 + 0.01 + 0.20 = 0.36) will determine the value of the subjectively determined value in the total integral of the IFS.

An objective examination of the same person, for example, revealed the following weights:

Heart rate at rest - 0.16

HELL - 0.20

vital indicator - 0.10

Quetelet index - 0.20

breath holding - 0.08

Ruffier index - 0.25

ZDR - 0.12

spinal flexibility - 0.15

movement coordination - 0.08

muscle strength of the shoulder girdle - 0.10

abdominals - 0.20

PWC - 0.50

IPC - 0.50

stroke volume of blood - 0.08

pulse recovery rate - 0.04

The summation of this part of the weight coefficients of this subject will be equal to 2.76 points, and the combination of subjective (0.36) and objective (2.76) will determine the individual human IFS equal to 3.12.

In addition, the use of a strictly regulated sequence of tests and the duration of the recovery time intervals between them and motivation of the subject by demonstrating the test by a qualified specialist or by accompanying the test with an on-screen demonstration of the test by an animated subject, or by conducting tests simultaneously with two or more patients, allows to take into account the increase in the level of health reserves and human performance, namely to increase the accuracy of the assessment of health reserves and performance ty man.

Thus, examination according to this comprehensive program and determining the state of human health can be estimated by the value of IF in the range from 0.1 to 6.0 points. The rating scale for assessing IFS is presented in table.21.

Persons with a high degree of fitness of the body and not having “weak” links in the functional systems of the body should fall into the category of people with excellent physical condition and an IPF value of 5.0-6.0.

The category of people with good physical condition (IPF is 4.0–4.9) will have smoothed manifestations of individual weak links in functional systems and very high reserve capacity with very effective interaction of almost all functional systems of the body.

A group of people with a satisfactory physical condition (IPF is 3.0-3.9) may have some high and low levels of reserve capacity of the body. Experience shows that this category of people often has separate risk factors for coronary heart disease (noticeable overweight, high blood pressure, decreased lung capacity, etc.).

The group of people with poor physical condition (IFS is 2.0-2.9) will include people with a significant number of individual weak links in the functional systems of the body. As a rule, this is overweight, increased blood pressure, decreased performance, limited capabilities of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

The category of persons with a very poor physical condition (IFS is 1.4-1.9) for most of the measured physiological parameters will be assigned to the pre-pathological condition, i.e. to be on the verge of norm and pathology. As a rule, these are people who are unable to fully implement the entire test load program.

The analysis of the proposed method with the known shows that in the proposed method the patient is tested in the form of a single regulated sequence of testing actions with certain time-limited recovery pauses with control, the testing actions themselves are performed with motivation by demonstrating the tests by a qualified specialist or animation subject on the screen or performing tests by two or more patients at the same time.

Thus, the claimed method meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

The proposed method for a comprehensive functional diagnosis of the physical state of the human body is implemented as follows.

The subject at rest (stage of the passive phase of diagnosis) measured values of the following indicators: heart rate (beats / min); HELL (mmHg); vital indicator (ml / kg); weight indicator (rel. units). After that, by connecting the discharge electrodes to record the electrocardiogram, the patient in a sitting position is subjected to a breath hold test, during which the time of synchronous functioning of the cardiorespiratory system is recorded. Immediately at the end of the test, the subject with the frequency set by the metronome performs thirty deep squats for 45 s and the index of heart performance is recorded, after which the subject is restored sitting for 3 minutes. After recovery, the speed of the compression reaction is measured. This test is carried out three times in a row and the best of the results obtained is offset. Immediately after this, a test for spinal flexibility is performed. To do this, the subject, standing on a step with his legs straightened at the knees, performs a forward bend with the touch of the mark relative to the zero point, which is at the level of the feet, and maintaining the pose for at least 2 s. Further, without a break in recovery, the examinee performs push-ups from the floor from the supine position for 30 s, trying to perform them the maximum number of times (the number of squeezes is recorded), after which the examinee is restored in the sitting position for a two-minute pause. After recovery, the subject takes a supine position and within 30 s performs groupings in a sitting position with the arms around the knees and then assuming a supine position, while trying to complete the maximum number of groups in the allotted time (the number of groups is recorded). Then the subject is restored in a sitting position for three minutes. After recovery, the subject performs step ascents at a pace of 30 cycles in 1 min to unequal bases, for which, initially, during the first three minutes, he performs step ascents and descents to a step 10 (or 15, or 20 cm) high. And the final three minutes (the whole test lasts 9 minutes), stepping ups at the same pace are carried out on a step 30 or 40 cm high. Moreover, all three stages of this test are carried out without rest - continuously. At the end of the step test, the subject takes a sitting position and measures the rate of recovery of the heart rate to a value corresponding to the resting state recorded at the passive phase of the diagnosis. The duration of the entire phase of the active and recovery phases is 40-42 minutes. Then calculate the value of PWC 170 (150). IPC and CLC and the tables determine the individual physical state indices corresponding to them and all changed physical indicators. Using the values of the individual indices of the physical state, a profile of the physical state is built and the integral index of the physical state (IFS) is determined. The results of the examination are processed using a computer; typical examples of the survey are given in Appendix 1, 2.

Using the proposed method for diagnosing the physical state of the human body allows you to quickly evaluate the physical condition of the body and its reserve capabilities with increased reliability and accuracy, which, in turn, allows you to timely correct its physical activity, lifestyle, etc., as well as recommend appropriate state rehabilitation and recovery regimes.

Table 1 Quality assessment Normostenic type (N), g / cm Asthenic type (A), g / cm Hypersthenic type (G), g / cm Men Fine 390-415 380-404 400-425 Good 416-440 405-424 426-455 370-389 360-379 380-399 Satisfactorily 441-465 425-450 456-480 350-369 350-359 370-379 poorly 466-490 451-475 481-505 <350 <350 <370 Very bad 491-520 476-505 506-535 Critical 521 and more 506 and more 536 and more Women Fine 360-385 350-374 370-395 Good 386-420 375-410 396-435 350-359 340-349 360-369 Satisfactorily 421-450 411-435 436-465 340-349 330-339 350-359 poorly 451-480 436-460 466-495 <340 <330 <350 Very bad 481-510 461-490 496-525 Critical 511 and more 491 and more 526 and more

table 2 Quality assessment Heart rate beats / min Men Women Fine 58 and less 63 and less Good 59-67 64-72 Satisfactorily 68-76 73-81 poorly 77-84 82-89 Very bad 85-93 90-98 Critical 94 and more 99 and more

Table 3 Quality assessment Up to 50 years 51 and older Fine 115-120 / 70-80 115-125 / 75-85 Good 125 / 80-85 110 / 75-80 125/90 110/80 Satisfactorily 130 / 85-90 105 / 70-75 130 / 90-95 105 / 75-80 poorly 135 / 90-95 100 / 70-75 135 / 95-100 100 / 70-75 Very bad 140 / 95-100 95 / 65-70 140 / 100-105 95 / 60-65 Critical 145 / 100-105 90 / 60-65 145 / 105-110 90/60

Table 4 Quality assessment The value of vital indicator in ml / kg Men Women up to 40 years old 41 and Art. up to 40 years old 41 and Art. Fine 66 and more 61 and more 62 60 Good 61-65 56-60 58-61 56-69 Satisfactorily 56-60 51-55 54-57 50-55 poorly 51-55 46-50 50-53 45-49 Very bad 46-50 41-45 45-49 40-44 Critical 45 and less 40 and less 44 and less 39 and less

Table 5 Quality assessment Breath hold in seconds (male and female) up to 30 31-40 41-50 50 and older Fine 65 and more 62 and more 60 and more 55 and more Good 56-64 54-61 50-59 48-54 Satisfactorily 46-55 43-53 42-49 40-47 poorly 40-45 38-42 37-41 36-39 Very bad 35-39 32-37 32-36 32-35 Critical 34 and less 31 and less 31 and less 31 and less

Table 6 Quality Score Up to 30 years 31-40 years old 41-50 years old 51 and older Fine 14 and less 15 and less 16 and less 17 and less Good 15-18 16-19 17-20 18-21 Satisfactorily 19-22 20-23 21-24 22-25 poorly 23-27 24-28 25-29 26-30 Very bad 28-32 29-33 30-34 31-35 Critical 33 and more 34 and more 35 and more 36 and more

Table 7 Quality assessment The distance between the fingers and the level of the foot to the feet up to 40 years old 41-50 years old 51-60 years old Men Women Men Women Men Women Fine 10 12 9 12 6 8 Good 7-9 8-11 6-8 7-11 2-5 4-7 Will satisfy. 4-6 -5-7 2-5 3-6 + 1-2 0-3 poorly 1-3 1-3 -2 + 1 -3 + 2 -5-3 -3-1 Very bad -5-0 -3-0 -6-3 -4-7 -6-8 -4-6 Critical -6 and more -4 and more -7 and more -8 and more -9 and more -7 and more

Table 8 Quality assessment Men up to 40 years old 41-50 years old 51-60 years old Fine 26 and more 24 and more 21 and more Good 20-23 20-23 18-20 Satisfactorily 17-21 16-19 15-17 poorly 14-16 13-15 12-14 Very bad 11-13 10-12 9-11 Critical 10 and less 9 and less 8 and less Women up to 40 years old 41-50 years old 51-60 years old Fine 25 and more 22 and more 19 and more Good 22-24 19-21 17-18 Satisfactorily 18-21 17-18 14-16 poorly 15-17 13-16 11-13 Very bad 12-14 10-12 9-10 Critical 11 and less 9 and less 8 and less

Table 9 Quality assessment Men under 40 years old 41-50 years old 51-60 years old Fine 28 and more 26 and more 23 and more Good 24-27 22-25 19-22 Satisfactorily 18-23 17-21 16-18 poorly 14-17 13-16 12-15 Very bad 11-13 10-12 9-11 Critical 10 and less 9 and less 8 and less Women under 40 years old 41-50 years old 51-60 years old Fine 25 and more 22 and more 19 and more Good 22-24 19-21 17-18 Satisfactorily 18-21 17-18 14-16 poorly 15-17 13-16 11-13 Very bad 12-14 10-12 9-10 Critical 11 and less 9 and less 8 and less

Table 10 Quality assessment Number of Balls Caught Fine 6 Good 5 Satisfactorily four poorly 2 Very bad one Critical 0

Table 11 Quality assessment Ruffier Index Fine 2 and less Good 3-6 Satisfactorily 7-10 poorly 11-14 Very bad 15-17 Critical 18 and more

Table 12 General characteristics of a six-minute step test for men on steps of 20, 30 and 40 centimeters at a pace of 30 times in 1 minute (3 minutes on each step) Step height Total indicators for 9 minutes of work on walking on each of 3 steps (3 minutes each) 20 cm 30 cm 40 cm N, kgm / min 578 838 1157 7719 kgm / 9 min Heart rate, bpm 137 ± 8 162 ± 12 175 + 12 1422 bpm / 9 min PO ₂ , l / min 1.64 ± 0.14 2.10 ± 0.1 2,50 ± 0,14 18.07 liters of O _2/9 min Energy consumption, kcal / min 8.2 10.5 12.5 93.6 kcal / 9 min IOC, l / min 13.9 17.0 20.9 155.4 liters / 9 min LV, min 47.5 ± 10.5 77.0 ± 12 91.0 ± 15 646 liters / 9 min

Table 13 General characteristics of a step test for women on steps of 15, 25 and 30 centimeters at a pace 30 times in 1 minute (3 minutes on each step) Step height Total indicators for 9 minutes of work on walking on each of 3 steps (3 minutes each) 15 cm 25 cm 30 cm N, kgm / min 418 698 836 5856 kgm / 9 min Heart rate, bpm 138 ± 10 164 ± 12 172 + 12 1420 bpm / 9 min PO ₂ , l / min 1.50 ± 0.10 1.90 ± 0.12 2.10 ± 0.16 16.5 liter of O _2/9 min Energy consumption, kcal / min 7.5 9.5 10.5 82.5 kcal / 9 min IOC, l / min 12 15.3 17 1329 liters / 9 min LV, min 30.0 ± 6 44.0 ± 9 52.0 ± 12 378 liters / 9 min

Table 14 Age Men Women Possible heart rate max. Permissible for testing 80% of heart rate max. Possible heart rate max. Permissible for testing 80% of heart rate max. 25 years max 156 max 162 Up to 30 190 152 193 158 Up to 35 185 148 193 153 Up to 40 180 144 189 148 Up to 45 175 140 184 144 Up to 50 170 136 179 140 Up to 55 165 132 175 136 Up to 60 160 128 170 132 Up to 65 155 124 165 128

Table 15 Quality assessment 20-30 years 31-39 years old 40-49 years old 50 and older Men Fine 16.5 and more 15.5 and more 15.0 and more 14.0 and more Good 15,5-16,4 14.5-15.4 14.1-14.9 13.1-13.9 Will satisfy. 14.0-15.4 13.5-14.5 12.5-14.0 11.5-13.0 poorly 13.0-13.9 12.5-13.4 11.5-12.4 10.5-11.4 Very bad 12.1-12.9 11.5-12.4 10.6-11.4 9.6-10.4 Critical 12.0 and less 11,4 and less 10.5 and less 9.5 and less Women Fine 13.5 and more 12.5 and more 12.0 and more 11.0 and more Good 12.5-13.4 11.6-12.4 11.1-11.9 10.1-10.9 Will satisfy. 11.1-12.4 10.6-11.5 9.6-11.0 8.5-10.0 poorly 10.1-11.0 9.6-10.5 8.6-9.5 7.6-8.4 Very bad 9.6-10.0 9.1-9.5 8.1-8.5 7.1-7.5 Critical 9.5 and less 9.0 and less 8.0 and less 7.0 and less

Table 16 Quality assessment Men Women 40-49 years old 50 and older 40-49 years old 50 and older Fine 13.0 and more 12.0 and more 9.5 and more 8.5 and more Good 12.1-12.9 11.1-11.9 8.5-9.4 7.5-8.4 Will satisfy. 10.6-12.0 9.6-11.0 7.1-8.4 6.8-7.4 poorly 9.6-10.5 8.6-9.5 6.6-7.0 6.0-6.7 Very bad 9.1-9.5 8.1-8.5 6.1-6.5 5,6-5,9 Critical 9.0 and less 8.0 and less 6.0 and less 5.5 and less

Table 17 Quality assessment IPC (ml / min / kg). Men Under 25 years old 26-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 64 and more Fine 55 and more 52 and more 50 and more 47 and more 45 and more 43 and more Good 49-54 45-52 43-50 40-47 37-45 33-43 Satisfaction 39-48 38-44 36-42 32-39 29-36 27-32 poorly 33-38 32-37 30-35 27-31 23-28 20-26 Very bad 31-32 29-31 28-29 24-26 21-22 18-19 Critical Health Impairment 30 and less 28 and less 27 and less 23 and less 20 and less 17 and less Quality assessment Women Under 25 years old 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-58 59 and more Fine 45 and more 42 and more 40 and more 37 and more 35 and more 33 and more Good 38-44 36-41 35-39 31-36 29-34 27-32 Satisfaction 31-37 30-35 28-34 25-30 23-28 21-26 poorly 24-30 23-29 22-27 20-24 18-22 16-20 Very bad 22-23 21-22 20-21 18-19 16-17 14-15 Critical Health Impairment 21 and less 20 and less 19 and less 17 and less 15 and less 13 and less

Table 18 Standard score table for maximum stroke volume calculated by PWC in a three-step step test Quality Stroke volume in ml Men 20-30 years 31-39 years old 40-50 years old 51-59 years old 60 and more Fine 135 and more 130 and more 125 and more 120 and more 110 Good 126-134 121-129 116-124 109-119 100-109 Will satisfy. 116-125 111-120 106-115 101-108 90-99 poorly 106-115 101-110 96-105 91-100 81-89 Very bad 95-105 91-100 86-95 81-90 76-80 Critical 94 and less 90 and less 85 and less 80 and less 75 Women Fine 105 and more 100 and more 95 and more 90 and more 85 Good 96-104 91-99 88-94 84-89 78-84 Will satisfy. 87-95 82-90 80-87 76-83 72-77 poorly 81-86 76-81 72-79 70-75 66-71 Very bad 76-80 71-75 67-71 64-69 61-65 Critical 75 and less 70 and less 66 and less 63 and less 60

Table 19 Age 20-30 years 31-40 years old 41-50 years old 51-59 years old 60 and more Heart rate at the finish of the test Quality assessment 175-185 bpm 170-180 bpm 165-175 bpm 155-165 bpm 140-145 bpm Heart rate after 1 minute of recovery Fine 155 155 150 142 135 Good 158 157 152 144 137 Will satisfy. 160 160 154 146 139 poorly 165 165 156 147 140 Very bad 170 168 158 149 142 Critical 175 170 160 151 145

Table 20 The structure of the weighting coefficients of 18 parameters, taken into account when calculating the individual human IFS according to this program (on the left - “excellent”) Physical activity 0.30 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.06 0.02 Smoking intensity 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.08 0.04 0.01 Alcohol Intensity 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.08 0.04 0.01 Heart rate alone 0.20 0.16 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.02 Blood pressure 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 Vital indicator 0.30 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.02 Ketle Index 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.15 0.10 Breath hold 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.02 Ruffier test 0.30 0.25 ' 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 ZDR 0.20 0.16 0.12 0.10 0.80 0.05 Spinal flexibility 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 Motion coordination 0.20 0.16 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.02 Shoulder girdle 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 Abdominal Press 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 PWC (150 or 170) 0.80 0.70 0.50 0.40 0.20 0.05 IPC 1.00 0.80 0.70 0.50 0.20 0.10 Stroke volume of blood 0.20 0.16 ' 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.02 Heart rate recovery 0.20 0.16 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.01

Table 21 The scale for assessing the index of the physical state of the human body Qualitative assessment of health status and reserve capacity IFS range in points Great (Athletic) 5.0-6.0 Good 4.0-4.9 Satisfactory 3.0-3.9 Bad 2.0-2.9 Very bad 1.4-1.9 Critical 0.1-1.3

Claims (1)

A method for assessing human health and working capacity reserves, which consists in the passive, active and restorative phases of diagnosis and algorithms for assessing the physiological and physiological parameters of the body based on age-related statistical health models, while the passive diagnosis phase determines: body weight, height, body type; heart rate at rest; resting arterial blood pressure; vital capacity of the lungs, in the phase of active diagnosis, the change in heart rate is measured in a 3-minute test of relaxation in a sitting position using a cardiomonitor; the body's resistance to hypoxia with the most arbitrary breath holding on inhalation; heart rate adaptation reaction in the Ruthier test with 30 squats for 45 s and after 1 min of recovery using a cardiomonitor; the speed of the visual-motor reaction in the test with the capture of a falling ruler with a brush; functional mobility of the spine in the test with leaning forward in a sitting position and fixing 2 fingers on the fingers at the most remote point on the measuring scale; the function of controlling complex coordination movements defined in the test with successive throwing from a distance of 3 m and catching 6 tennis balls that bounced off the wall; functional performance of the muscle group of the hands, shoulder girdle and back, evaluated in the test with the maximum possible push-ups from the floor for 30 s; functional performance of the abdominal muscle group, evaluated in the test with the maximum possible number of movements from the supine position to the sitting position, with the knees wrapped around the arms for 30 s; the general physical performance and functional reserves of the cardiorespiratory system, determined in the test with sequential 3 min spacing on two differently high platforms and continuous registration of heart rate using a cardiomonitor, during the recovery phases of diagnosis, the following are determined: heart rate after 1 min of recovery after the Ruthier test; initial heart rate before the next functional load test; heart rate after 1 min of recovery after a 6-minute step test on differently high platforms, while all the indicators recorded in the diagnosis of the human body are converted into numerical indices based on the corresponding rating scales and tables of weighting coefficients of their significance in the corresponding age group and compared with the values of the ranges norms from the age-related statistical model of physical health, summarize the weight coefficients of individual medical and physiological indicators, the image the integral index of physical health and human performance in terms of the universal age scale, while the reserves of human health and performance are rated as “excellent” with a level of 5.1-6.0 points, as “good” with a level of 4.1-5 , 0 points, as "satisfactory" at 3.1-4.0, as "unsatisfactory" with a level of 3.1-3.0, "bad" - 1.4-2.0 and "very bad" - 0, 5-1.3 points, characterized in that the testing is carried out with strict adherence to the listed sequence of functional load tests, establish restore nye phase within 2-3 min after the test Rufe, followed by prying with test and after the test with the group, wherein the testing influences operate with motivation, demonstration tests conducted by a qualified subject or animation on the screen.

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