RU2439244C1 - Method of collection of oil spills in area of trench of underwater crossing of main oil pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology.

SUBSTANCE: method involves the localisation of oil spill in the area of trench of underwater crossing of the pipeline with water-resistant and oil-resistant canvas covering the trench. Under the canvas a perforated tube is placed, which is filled with nonwoven sorbing material. The sorbing material is fastened to a rope by which the sorbent can be removed from the tube and, after squeezing or replacing it can be placed back for reuse.

EFFECT: reliable localisation and collection of oil directly above its accidental release from the trench underwater crossing of main oil pipeline.

3 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of construction of hydraulic structures at the bottom of reservoirs and can be used to localize and collect the emergency oil spill directly above the trench underwater passage of the emergency main oil pipeline.

State of the art

A device for collecting oil under water directly above its emergency release from the main oil pipeline (1. RU 2247807 C1, 03/10/2005), consisting of a sealed tubular frame with supports and intake pipes in its lower part. An elastic shell is provided on the inside of the frame perimeter, fixed on the inside of the floating chamber on one side, and on the other side of the connection with an elastic sleeve. The frame with the floating chamber is installed in the opening of the floating platform, on which winches are installed, to which the frame is attached by cables, and also a source of compressed air is connected with the cavities of the frame and the floating chamber. The height inside the poles installed fences with holes. According to the second embodiment, the device comprises a sealed tubular frame mounted on wheels with supports. As in the first embodiment, a shell with an elastic sleeve is fixed to the frame, the end of which is hermetically fixed inside the floating chamber. The cavity of the frame are able to communicate with a source of compressed air. According to the height of the supports, fences are installed inside them with the possibility of vertical movement.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the design, the design does not provide reliable collection and discharge of oil, the impossibility or significant limited use during periods of freezing and ice drift.

The closest technical solution is the device (2. RU 2268338 C1, 01/20/2006), designed to localize underwater sources of pollution, which includes the following elements: catching arch made of a piece of thin material with elastic properties; mine wells with manhole covers at the upper ends of the shafts, held by float elements through which pollution can be evacuated to reserve tanks; anchor ballast. In the limited space inside which the emergency facility is located, there is a telemetry instrumentation with a transmitting antenna brought to the surface in the area of the hatch cover of the shaft of the mine well.

The disadvantages of the technical solution are the large volume of diving operations during installation, the difficulty of operation with a strong current.

A common drawback of these technical solutions is that the devices are mounted after oil leakage from the emergency facility.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the invention is to simplify the localization and collection of emergency oil during a breakthrough or puncture of a trench underwater passage and minimize the degree of pollution of the aquatic environment.

The advantage of the proposed method compared to analogues is the lower impact of oil pollution on the water body, since the device for localization and collection of oil acts immediately when the pipeline breaks and oil spills. All installation work is carried out once and further reduced only to periodic monitoring. In addition, the advantage of the method is the ability to use it during periods of freezing and ice drift, when conventional methods are practically not applicable.

The technical result achieved by solving the goal is to localize oil and its collection in a limited space directly near the emergency facility.

The essential features characterizing the invention.

Restrictive: the localization of emergency oil occurs under a water- and oil-tight canvas covering the emergency facility.

Distinctive: a perforated tube is placed under the web, filled with a non-woven sorbent material fixed to a cable, by means of which the sorbent can be removed from the tube and returned to it after repeated pressing or replacement.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows the General scheme of the method of collecting oil spills in the area of the trench underwater passage. Figure 2 shows a method of fixing the sorbent on a cable. Figure 3 presents a General view from above.

The implementation of the invention

The invention is a perforated pipe 1 laid along the bottom 2 of a water body on top of a trench 3, into which an oil pipeline 4 is laid (Fig. 1). The pipe 1 is filled with non-woven sorbent material 5, for example, the Ecosorb sorbent TU 8397-230-00302327-01. Non-woven oil sorbent material is wound on a cable 6, extending along the entire length of the pipe 1. The oil sorbent 5 is fixed on the cable 6 by tightening at certain intervals using clamps 7 (figure 2). Winches 9 are installed at both ends of the cable on bank 8. Cable 6 with a nonwoven sorbent 5 wound around it must have an additional supply on one or both banks of 8 with a length equal to the width of the river. The stock is designed to replace and squeeze out the spent sorbent 5. The squeezed sorbent is re-drawn into the perforated pipe.

Over the width exceeding the width of the trench 3, and along its entire length with access to both banks 8 over the perforated pipe 1, a water- and oil-impervious web 10 is chemically inert to oil products, designed to hold the latter in the bottom layer of water 11. Canvas 10 from the edges should be tightly pressed to the ground 12 sinkers 13 or be under it to prevent oil leakage into the aquatic environment (figure 3).

Thus, in the event of an emergency oil pipeline breakthrough, oil gradually seeping through the soil 12 will enter a limited space under an impenetrable web 10, followed by sorption by a non-woven sorbent material 5 located in the perforated pipe 1. Upon reaching the oil capacity limit, the oil sorbent 5 wound on the cable 6, extends to the surface with a winch 9 and wring out. Instead of the extracted sorbent 5, a reserve sorbent is introduced at the same time from the opposite bank, which is also removed for squeezing with the exhaustion of the oil capacity reserve. The process can last as long as the resource allows for the number of sorbent extracts, after which it is replaced.

Claims (1)

A method of collecting an oil spill in the area of a trench underwater passage of an oil pipeline, which consists in localizing it under a water and oil-impervious sheet covering the trench, characterized in that a perforated pipe is placed under the sheet filled with non-woven sorbent material fixed to a cable, by which the sorbent can be removed from pipes and after pressing or replacement to return back for repeated use.

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