RU2437668C1 - Method of treating subcutaneous gadfly invasions in reindeer and cattle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of veterinary and is intended for fighting larvae of subcutaneous gadfly. As anti-gadfly medication used is composition with the following component ratio, wt %: invermectin - 0.01, fipronil - 0.1, dimethyl sulfoxide - 10, polyethylene glycol 1500 - 16, ethyl cellosolve - the remaining part to 100. Composition is applied by method of irrigation along spine column in dose 5-10 ml per one animal. ^ EFFECT: method makes it possible to increase therapeutic efficiency of treatment of subcutaneous gadfly invasions in reindeer and cattle to 100%. ^ 3 tbl, 1 dwg, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine and is intended to combat subcutaneous gadfly larvae, in particular for early and late chemotherapy of reindeer edemaagenosis and cattle hypodermatosis.

The effectiveness of anti-water treatment of reindeer and cattle depends on a number of factors: the active ingredient used, the composition of the preparation containing the active substance and the method of administration of the drug to animals. The method of drug administration largely determines the requirements for its composition, which should provide an acceptable combination of the solubility of the active substance, bioavailability, viscosity and stability of the drug, a minimum of adverse reactions.

Avermectins (avermectin, abamectin and its dihydro derivative ivermectin) occupy a significant place among the active substances of anti-water preparations. The most commonly used solvent for water-insoluble avermectins is polyethylene glycol or propylene glycol [1].

Known drug for the prevention and treatment of hypodermatosis

cattle, which contains ivermectin or avermectin as an active principle and differs from the previous one in a lower active substance content of 0.005-0.05 wt.% (RF patent 2121831, 01.08. 1997). A known method of early chemotherapy of reindeer edemaosis, comprising the use of a preparation containing an abamectin complex of 0.1; 2-ethoxyethanol 99.8, organic oils 0.1 (RF application 2008 142659, 2008).

The closest analogue is the Hypodectin-N preparation for combating cattle hypodermatosis, which contains 0.01% ivermectin as the active substance. All preparations based on avermectin have 98-99% therapeutic activity against subcutaneous invasion, along with this they slowly penetrate the skin of reindeer and cattle and are resistant to all other antiparasitic agents [3-5].

The aim of the invention is to create a highly effective method for the treatment of anti-water infestations of deer and cattle by using a composition having increased therapeutic efficacy and the ability to easily penetrate the skin of an animal.

This goal is achieved by using a composition containing the active substances ivermectin and fipronil, as a solvent, ethyl cellosolve and polyethylene glycol, and additionally as an agent that promotes the penetration of drugs under the skin of dimethyl sulfoxide, in the following ratios of components, wt.%:

Ivermectin 0.01 Fipronil 0.1 Dimethyl sulfoxide 10 Polyethylene glycol-1500 16 Ethyl cellosolve The rest is up to 100

Ivermectin is a substance from the group of macrocyclic lactones with antiparasitic action.

Fipronil - a substance from the group of phenylpyrazoles, has an antiparasitic effect. Fipronil has a mechanism of action similar to ivermectin (blocking of GABA-dependent receptors), but has a lower average effective exposure time and slow metabolism. Recently, as a result of the widespread use of drugs containing macrocyclic lactones, various parasites have developed resistance to such drugs. The introduction of insecticides from another chemical group, in particular the phenylpyrazole group, and having a similar mechanism of action, helps to solve this problem.

Dimethyl sulfoxide is an organic solvent that promotes the penetration of various medicinal substances under the skin [7].

Polyethylene glycol-1500 is a low molecular weight ethylene oxide polymer used as a thickener.

Ethyl cellosolve - an organic solvent from the group of alcohols, is absorbed through the skin.

The finished composition is a transparent homogeneous liquid from white to light yellow in color, with a specific odor. Get the composition by mechanical mixing of the components included in its composition, at a temperature of 40-50 ° C. According to the invention, the composition is applied once by irrigation from a dosing device onto the back of animals with a thin stream, distributing it at the vertebral column (from the withers to the sacrum) at a dose of 5 ml per animal for reindeer and 10 ml for cattle. The product is applied to a dry, contaminated skin and hair integument.

The proposed method, due to the composition and method of application of the composition, in combination with a high larvicidal effect on the larvae of the subcutaneous gadfly, is of particular interest in the processing of farm animals, when a soft, harmless and at the same time effective effect of the insecticide on the animal organism is required.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples:

Example 1. The study of the optimal ratio of ivermectin and fipronil in experiments on the chemotherapy of reindeer edemaagenosis

In order to determine the optimal ratio of the two active substances fipronil and ivermectin, in 2008 we laid the experience on the basis of the Antipayutinsky reindeer husbandry of the Tazovsky district of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. In the experiment, 550 reindeer were invaded by larvae of the hypodermic gadfly, which were divided into 11 groups of 50 animals each. The first group was treated by irrigation along the vertebral column of 2 ml per animal with the following composition:

Ivermectin 0.01%

Dimethyl sulfoxide 10%

Polyethylene glycol-1500 16%

Ethyl cellosolve rest up to 100%.

The second group was treated with the same composition, but with the addition of fipronil 0.02%. Subsequent groups (3 to 11) were treated with the same composition, increasing the content of fipronil by 0.02% in each group. The results of the experiment are shown in the drawing. The research results showed that in the range of 0.8-0.12 wt.% Fipronil there is an increased activity of the compounds, which indicates the optimal ratio of fipronil and ivermectin, which is in the middle of the range 10: 1 and in this composition corresponds to the content of fipronil 0.1 wt.%.

Example 2. Preparation of the composition

At a temperature of 50-60 ° C, 0.01 g of ivermectin was dissolved in 50 g of ethyl cellosolve. Then, at the same temperature, 0.1 g of fipronil was dissolved in the resulting solution, 10 g of dimethyl sulfoxide, 16 g of polyethylene glycol were added and thoroughly mixed until completely dissolved. The mass of the resulting solution was adjusted to 100 g by adding the required amount of ethyl cellosolve.

Example 3. The study of the effectiveness of the treatment method for hypodermatosis in cattle.

In 2009-2010, Mr. in the farms of the south of the Tyumen region (Kazan, Isetsky districts), we tested the inventive method for early and late chemotherapy of cattle against hypodermatosis. For early chemotherapy of cattle, 6 experimental, 2 basic and 2 control groups of animals from young animals and adult livestock were formed, 45-55 animals each. In experiments with late chemotherapy of cattle, 6 experimental, 2 basic and 2 control groups of animals from 5 to 26 animals each were also formed. Experienced calves were treated with the composition according to example 2. In both early and late chemotherapy for cattle hypodermatosis, the drug was applied using a dispenser, by applying to the animal's hairline, on both sides along the spinal column in a volume of 4, 7, 10 ml per young growth and 5, 10 and 15 ml per adult animal. Base animals were treated with hypodectin-N according to the instructions for use. Control animals were left untreated. The research results are presented in tables 1,2.

As a result of experiments on young cattle, it was found that, with early chemotherapy for hypodermatosis, the extensivity (EE) of the drug at a dose of 4 ml per animal was 95.6%, with an efficacy (IE) of 96.2%, at a dose of 7 and 10 ml per animal EE and IE was 100%. The effectiveness of the base drug was 97.9% in terms of EE with 98.7% IE. In adult animals, the EE of the test drug at a dose of 5 ml was 95.3%, IE 97.6%. With increasing doses to 10 and 15 ml / w, the indicators of extensibility and intensification increased to 100%. Hypodectin-N was effective in terms of EE of 97.6%, IE of 98.5%.

Table 1 Therapeutic efficacy of the claimed method for early chemotherapy of cattle against hypodermatosis Method of treatment Dose, ml / alive. Processed animals Animals examined Of these, infested, alive. Larvae detected EE,% IE,% The claimed method, young four 55 53 2 eleven 95.6 96.2 7 55 53 0 0 one hundred one hundred 10 55 54 0 0 one hundred one hundred Hypodectin-N 10 55 55 one four 97.9 98.7 The control - 21 eighteen 115 - - The claimed method, adult cattle 5 45 44 2 9 95.3 97.6 10 fifty fifty 0 0 one hundred one hundred fifteen fifty 48 0 0 one hundred one hundred Hypodectin-N fifteen 45 43 one four 97.6 98.5 Control, adult cattle - 25 24 153 - -

table 2 Therapeutic efficacy of the claimed method with late chemotherapy of cattle against hypodermatosis A drug dose, ml / alive. processed animals examined animals of them invaded, alive. larvae found EE,% IE,% The claimed method, young four 25 25 one four 96.0 97.0 7 fifteen fourteen 0 0 one hundred one hundred 10 fifteen fifteen 0 0 one hundred one hundred Hypodectin - N 10 10 10 0 0 one hundred one hundred young, control - 5 5 27 - - The claimed method, adult cattle 5 26 26 one 3 96.1 97.6 10 twenty twenty 0 0 one hundred one hundred fifteen fifteen 13 0 0 one hundred one hundred Hypodectin - N fifteen 5 5 0 0 one hundred one hundred adult cattle control - 5 5 24 - -

With late chemotherapy, the EE of the drug in a dose of 4 ml per animal (young animals) was 96.0%, IE - 97.0%. When testing the drug in doses of 7 and 10 ml, the extensibility and intensification reached 100%. The use of the drug in adult cattle at a dose of 5 ml showed its EE equal to 96.1% and IE - 97.6%, and at a dose of 10 and 15 ml both indicators reached a level of 100%, which corresponds to the effectiveness of the base drug.

Example 4. The study of the effectiveness of the treatment method for edeagenosis of reindeer.

A comparative study of the effectiveness of the proposed method was carried out in the reindeer husbandry "Antipayutinsky" Tazovsky district of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District in 2009

4 experimental, 4 basic and 2 control groups of animals of 30 deer each were formed. The animals of the experimental groups were treated with the composition according to example 2 in doses of 2, 3, 5, 7 ml per deer. The basic groups were treated with the basic preparation Hypodectin-N in doses of 5, 7, 10, 12 ml per deer. Animals were treated from a syringe dispenser, by applying deer to the hairline, on both sides along the spinal column, in the direction against hair growth. Control groups of animals did not undergo insecticidal treatments. The effectiveness of the preparations was established when examining the inner surface of the skins of experimental deer for the presence of larvae during the planned slaughter of animals in November-December. The results of the experiments are presented in table 3.

Table 3 The effectiveness of the claimed composition in the early chemotherapy of reindeer against edemagenosis A drug Doses Inspected Affected Larvae detected EE% IE% The claimed method 2 ml / deer 25 5 266 78.6 85.0 3 ml / deer 27 2 59 92.1 96.9 5 ml / deer 26 0 0 100.0 100.0 7 ml / deer 23 0 0 100.0 100.0 the control - thirty 28 2130 - - 5 ml / deer eighteen 10 220 41.5 84.5 7 ml / deer eighteen 6 146 64.9 89.7 Hypodectin - N 10 ml / deer twenty 2 51 89.5 96.8 12 ml / deer 21 2 26 90.0 98.4 the control - twenty 19 1582 - -

From table 3 it can be seen that with reindeer edeagenosis the claimed method showed 100% efficiency in doses of 5 and 7 ml, which exceeds the performance of the base drug by 10-10.5%.

Thus, the technical solution of the claimed invention allows to increase the therapeutic efficacy of a method for the treatment of subcutaneous invasion of reindeer and cattle. Fipronil in combination with ivermectin in low doses and under the influence of dimethyl sulfoxide allows to obtain 100% therapeutic efficacy.

Information sources

1. Klenova I.O., Yaremenko N.A. Veterinary drugs in Russia. Directory. - M .: Selkhozizdat, 2001, p. 227-233.

2. RF patent 2121831, 01/08/1997.

3. Application for the invention of the Russian Federation 2008142659, 10.27.2008.

4. Bryushinin P.I. A highly effective remedy for treating gadfly diseases in reindeer herding. // Chemistry in agriculture. - 1987. - No. 1. - S. 55-56.

5. Golovkina L.P. Avermectins and aversect-containing preparations // Sat. scientific tr. VNIIVEA. - Tyumen, 2001 .-- issue 43. - S. 45-46.

6. Sivkov G.S., Kleimenova L.V., Beletskaya N.I., Golovkina L.P., Rozovenko M.V. The effectiveness of drugs based on macrocyclic lactones in cattle hypodermatosis. // Parasites and parasitoses: Sat. scientific tr - Novosibirsk, 1999 .-- S.70-72.

Claims (1)

A method for the treatment of subcutaneous invasion of reindeer and cattle, including the use of an anti-water treatment agent in animals, characterized in that a composition containing the active substances ivermectin and fipronil is used as an anti-water treatment agent, ethyl cellosolve and polyethylene glycol as a solvent, and additionally as an penetration promoting agent medicinal substances under the skin, dimethyl sulfoxide in the following ratios of components, wt.%:
Ivermectin 0.01 Fipronil 0.1 Dimethyl sulfoxide 10 Polyethylene glycol 1500 16 Ethyl cellosolve The rest is up to 100
moreover, the composition is applied by irrigation along the spinal column at a dose of 5-10 ml per animal.

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