RU2436014C1 - Hydraulic ash collector - heat regenerator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: in hydraulic ash collector -heat regenerator containing inlet connection pipe, housing, outlet connection pipe and settling chamber, the latter is filled with water to the level of partition wall submerged into the chamber, and lower part of partition wall has longitudinal slots with constant pitch. Inlet gas duct is equipped with water sprinkler in the form of header with centrifugal atomisers, the water to which is supplied under pressure through pipeline from screw pump connected to collecting tank of water supplied from overflow opening with adjustable damper through drain connection pipe.

EFFECT: increasing efficiency of resource saving and cleaning of flue gases by increasing the spraying surface owing to using the swirl atomiser.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ash collectors and can be used at thermal power plants.

The closest technical solution to the claimed facility is an ash collector for AS USSR No. 435442, С02В 1/10, dated 04/07/72, containing an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a hopper, irrigation and spray nozzles (prototype).

The drawback of the ash collector is the relatively low degree of resource conservation and flue gas cleaning.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of resource saving and flue gas cleaning by increasing the spray surface due to the use of a vortex nozzle.

This is achieved by the fact that in a hydraulic ash trap-heat exchanger containing an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a precipitation chamber, the precipitation chamber is filled with water to the level of the partition wall immersed in the chamber, and the lower part of the partition wall has longitudinal grooves with a constant pitch, while the inlet the gas duct is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector with centrifugal nozzles, into which water under pressure flows through a pipeline from a screw pump connected to a water collection tank, to it from the overflow window with an adjustable gate through the drain pipe, while under the lower part of the dividing wall there is a heat exchanger in the form of a tubular coil having an entrance for cold water and an outlet for hot water, while the overall dimensions of the heat exchanger coincide with the dimensions of the chamber a plane perpendicular to the partition, and the nozzle contains a housing with a chamber into which the screw is pressed into, a throttle hole is made in the bottom of the housing, and a fitting with a cylinder is placed in the upper part a hole, a diffuser and a gasket, and a screw hole is made inside the screw, the direction of which coincides with the direction of the external screw thread of the screw, and a conical mixing chamber is located above the throttle hole to form a total finely dispersed rotating stream.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a hydraulic ash trap heat exchanger, figure 2 is a frontal section of a vortex nozzle for spraying liquid.

Hydrosoil trap heat exchanger contains a precipitation chamber 1 (figure 1), filled with water to the level of the separation wall 2, immersed in the chamber 1. The lower part of the separation wall 2, immersed in the chamber 1, has longitudinal grooves with a constant pitch. The inlet gas duct 3 of the device is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector 12 with centrifugal nozzles 13, water into which is supplied under pressure through a pipe 11 from a screw pump 10 connected to a tank 9 for collecting water coming from an overflow window with an adjustable gate (not shown in the drawing ) through the drain pipe 8.

Under the lower part of the dividing wall 2, immersed in the chamber 1, which has longitudinal grooves with a constant pitch, a heat exchanger is placed in the form of a tubular coil 5 having an entrance 7 for cold water and an outlet 6 for hot water. Moreover, the overall dimensions of the heat exchanger coincide with the dimensions of the cross section of the chamber 1 in the plane perpendicular to the partition 2.

To increase the efficiency of capturing the smallest particles of ash in a precipitation chamber 1 filled with water, foam active substances are added to the water circulation system, which contribute to the formation of foam and more intensive capture of ash particles. The heat of the exhaust flue gases is absorbed by the heat exchanger 5. The collector 12 is made with vortex nozzles 13 (figure 2), which serve to increase the spray surface.

The nozzle 13 for spraying liquid is located on the manifold 12 having a flow hole 14. Each of the nozzles is made in the form of a hollow, axisymmetric body 15, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the collector 7, and the shape of the body is made in the form of a body of revolution formed by a second-order curve, for example spherical, in the form of a truncated ellipsoid or paraboloid of rotation, etc. On the side of the flow opening 14 of the pipeline, a straightening element 19 is installed in the nozzle, which dampens the turbulence of the fluid flow coming from the pipes piping to the nozzle. The straightening element is made in the form of a ring having a central sleeve 19, with which at least three vanes 20 are radially spaced rigidly connected to the nozzle body 15. The housing 15 is made with two opposite steps 18, perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle, by means of which, through the clamps 16 with the locks 17, the nozzle is fixed to the manifold 7. In the lower part of the nozzle housing 15 there is a tapered calibrated throttle hole 22 connected to the mixing chamber 21, which is located between hole 22 and a straightening element. The mixing chamber 21 is intended to form a vortex turbulent flow formed at the outlet of the nozzle opening 22. For this purpose, there are helical grooves (not shown in the drawing) on the inner surface of the mixing chamber, which can be formed by turning by copying, or obtained by injection molding. As a result of this, a finely dispersed and uniform jet of liquid is formed at the outlet of the nozzle.

Hydrosoil trap heat exchanger operates as follows.

Hot gases contaminated with ash particles enter the chamber 1 through the inlet duct 3, which is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector 12 with centrifugal nozzles 13, into which water under pressure passes through a pipe 11 from a screw pump 10 connected to a tank 9 for collecting water entering from an overflow window with an adjustable gate (not shown in the drawing) through a drain pipe 8.

Rounding the partition 2 at an angle of 180 ° C and passing through a thin layer of water, the flue gases are cleaned of solid ash particles and cooled to a temperature of 80 ÷ 100 ° C are discharged through the outlet duct 4. The water heated in the tubular coil 5 is pumped through the outlet 6 to consumers hot process water. The sludge accumulated in the bottom of the chamber 1 is periodically discharged through a storage hopper (not shown in the drawing).

Vortex nozzle for spraying liquids works as follows.

The nozzle 9 of the irrigation device operates as follows.

Liquid under pressure enters from the nozzle 12 of the manifold 12 into the nozzle and encounters a straightening element 19 in its path, which dampens the turbulence of the fluid flow from the manifold to the nozzle. The mixing chamber 21 is intended for the formation of a vortex turbulent flow formed at the outlet of the nozzle orifice 22, as a result of which a finely dispersed and uniform liquid spray is formed at the nozzle exit. The nozzle is easy to manufacture and maintain.

Claims (1)

A hydro-ash trap-heat exchanger containing an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a precipitation chamber, characterized in that the precipitation chamber is filled with water to the level of the dividing wall, immersed in the chamber, and the lower part of the dividing wall has longitudinal grooves with a constant pitch, while the inlet duct is equipped with water sprinkler in the form of a collector with centrifugal nozzles, in which water under pressure enters through a pipeline from a screw pump connected to a tank for collecting water from an overflow window with an adjustable gate through the drain pipe, while a heat exchanger in the form of a tubular coil having an entrance for cold water and an outlet for hot water is placed under the lower part of the dividing wall, while the overall dimensions of the heat exchanger coincide with the dimensions of the cross-section of the chamber in a plane perpendicular the partition, and each of the nozzles contains a housing that is hollow, axisymmetric, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the hole of the manifold pipe, and the shape of the body is made in the form e of a rotation body formed by a second-order curve, for example spherical, in the form of a truncated ellipsoid or paraboloid of revolution, and on the side of the flow opening of the manifold pipe, a straightening element is installed in the nozzle, made in the form of a ring having a central sleeve to which it is rigidly connected, radially spaced, at least three blades connected to the nozzle body, and the body is made with two ledges, opposite, perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle, by means of which through the clamps from the lock the nozzle is fixed on the manifold, while in the lower part of the nozzle body there is a conical throttle hole connected to the mixing chamber, which is located between the throttle hole and the straightening element, and there are screw-like grooves on the inner surface of the mixing chamber, while the nozzle is made spherical in shape which there are not through radial recesses, and the recesses are in the form of cylindrical, conical, spherical surfaces, or any surface of bodies of revolution, for example a paraboloid, ellipsoid.

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