RU2482901C1 - Device for cleaning and recovery of off-gases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ash collectors and may be used at thermal electric power stations. Proposed device comprises inlet and outlet pipes, casing and settling chamber with separation baffle. Inlet gas duct is equipped with water sprayer composed of a manifold with vortex nozzles. Heat exchanger composed of tubular coil is arranged at chamber bottom. Device incorporates moisture separator with tangential inlet. Every nozzle comprises case with swirling chamber and atomiser. Said case is composed of feed union with inlet for fluid from main line and cylindrical sleeve connected coaxially therewith, while atomiser composed of blind cylindrical insert with, at least, three tangential cylindrical orifices. Swirler face surface has axial conical and cylindrical throttling orifices. Radial-flow swirler is arranged in case cylindrical chamber to form annular cylindrical chamber to feed fluid to radial-flow swirler tangential fluid inlets and communicated with three chambers: conical, cylindrical and diffuser outlet chambers.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ash collectors and can be used at thermal power plants.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a device for cleaning and disposal of exhaust flue gases as.with. USSR No. 1498540, B01D 47/02 of 08/07/89, containing an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a precipitation chamber equipped with a separation wall immersed in the chamber, a heat exchanger, an inlet duct with a water sprinkler in the form of a manifold with nozzles (prototype).

A disadvantage of the known device is the relatively low degree of resource conservation and flue gas cleaning.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of resource saving and flue gas cleaning by increasing the spray surface due to the use of a nozzle.

This is achieved by the fact that in the device for cleaning and disposal of exhaust flue gases containing an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a precipitation chamber, the precipitation chamber is provided with a partition wall immersed in the chamber, the lower part of the partition wall immersed in the chamber having longitudinal grooves with a constant step, and the inlet gas duct of the device is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector with vortex nozzles, into which water under pressure flows through a pipeline from a screw pump, connected with a tank for collecting water coming from the overflow window of the precipitation chamber with an adjustable gate through the drain pipe, the heat exchanger in the form of a tubular coil located at the bottom of the chamber, and the device equipped with a water separator with a tangential inlet, and each nozzle contains a housing with a swirl chamber and a nozzle, while the casing is made in the form of an inlet fitting with an opening for supplying fluid from the line and a cylindrical sleeve coaxially connected to it, and sub-coaxially to the casing in its lower part, are connected EHO nozzle, configured as a centrifugal swirl in a hollow cylindrical insert with at least three tangential inlets in the form of cylindrical openings, thus in the end surface of the swirler centrifugal performed serially connected coaxial to each other and the housing and a conical axial cylindrical orifice.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for cleaning and disposal of exhaust flue gases, figure 2 is a frontal section of a vortex nozzle for spraying liquid.

A device for cleaning and disposal of exhaust flue gases contains a precipitation chamber 1 (Fig. 1), filled with water to the level of the separation partition 2, immersed in the chamber 1. The lower part of the separation partition 2, immersed in the chamber 1, has longitudinal grooves with a constant pitch. The inlet gas duct 3 of the device is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector 12 with centrifugal nozzles 13, water into which is supplied under pressure through a pipe 11 from a screw pump 10 connected to a tank 9 for collecting water coming from an overflow window with an adjustable gate (not shown in the drawing ) through the drain pipe 8. In the lower part of the chamber 1 there is a heat exchanger in the form of a tubular coil 5 having an inlet 7 for cold water and an outlet 6 for hot water. The exhaust fan 20 is used to pump purified gas from the pipe 4 through the duct 19 and supply it through the duct 14 to the moisture separator 15 with a tangential inlet 17, and then through the duct 18 to the chimney 16, which is made of plastic, since the temperature of the exhaust flue gases is about 80 ÷ 90 ° C.

To increase the efficiency of capturing the smallest particles of ash in a precipitation chamber 1 filled with water, foam active substances are added to the water circulation system, which contribute to the formation of foam and a more intensive capture of ash particles. The heat of the exhaust flue gases is absorbed by the heat exchanger 5. The collector 12 is made with vortex nozzles (figure 2), which serve to increase the spray surface. The nozzle 13 for spraying liquids is located on the manifold 12.

Each of the nozzles (figure 2) includes a housing 21, which is made in the form of a supply fitting with an opening 28 for supplying fluid from the line and a cylindrical sleeve 22 coaxially connected to it with an external thread 23.

Coaxial to the housing 21 in its lower part is connected by means of a sleeve 24 with an internal thread a nozzle 25 made in the form of a centrifugal swirl 26 of a fluid flow in the form of a blind cylindrical insert 32 with at least three tangential inlets 33 in the form of cylindrical holes (figure 2) . The sleeve 24 is part of the nozzle 25 and is mounted coaxially and coaxially with respect to the centrifugal swirl 26.

In the end surface of the centrifugal swirler 26, axial conical 30 and cylindrical 31 throttle openings are serially connected coaxial with each other and the housing 21.

The centrifugal swirl 26 is installed in the cylindrical chamber 29 of the housing with the formation of an annular cylindrical chamber 27 for supplying fluid to the tangential inlets 33 of the centrifugal swirl 26 and is connected to three chambers installed in series and coaxial with it: conical 34, cylindrical 35, diffuser output chamber 36, and the chamber installed so that the output of one camera is the input to another. The tangential inputs 33 are made in the form of channels tangentially located to the inner surface of the insert 32.

A device for cleaning and disposal of flue gases works as follows.

Hot gases contaminated with ash particles enter the chamber 1 through the inlet duct 3, which is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector 12 with centrifugal nozzles 13, into which water under pressure passes through a pipe 11 from a screw pump 10 connected to a tank 9 for collecting water entering from the overflow window with an adjustable gate (not shown in the drawing) through the drain pipe 8. The exhaust fan 20 is used to pump purified gas from the pipe 4 through the duct 19 and supply it through the duct 14 to the moisture separator 15 with a tangential inlet ohm 17, and then through the duct 18 into the chimney 16.

Centrifugal vortex nozzle operates as follows.

In the cavity of the insert 32, which performs the function of a centrifugal fluid swirl 26, a vortex is formed, which swirls a stream of fluid flowing out of the cylindrical 31 throttle hole. The swirling fluid flow in the cavity of the insert 32 is formed by mixing the jets flowing from the tangentially directed channels 33. At the outlet of the cavity of the insert 32, a fluid flow is formed, characterized by a constant tangential velocity. The angular velocity of the swirling fluid flow in the channel of the nozzle 25 of the atomizer determines the value of the spray angle of the generated gas-droplet flow.

The magnitude of the tangential velocity in the cavity of the insert 32 depends on the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the tangential channels 33 and the cross-sectional area of the axial cylindrical 31 throttle bore. Formed in a centrifugal swirl 26 swirling fluid flow enters the inlet of the conical chamber 34. When passing sections 35 and 36, an accelerated fluid flow is formed. Intensive formation of cavitation bubbles in a swirling fluid flow occurs in the diffuser outlet chamber 36.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning and utilization of exhaust flue gases containing an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a precipitation chamber, a precipitation chamber is provided with a partition wall immersed in the chamber, the lower part of the partition wall immersed in the chamber having longitudinal grooves with a constant pitch, and the inlet the device’s gas duct is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector with vortex nozzles, into which water under pressure flows through a pipeline from a screw pump connected to a water collection tank, coming from the overflow window of the precipitation chamber with an adjustable gate through the drain pipe, and in the lower part of the chamber there is a heat exchanger in the form of a tubular coil, and the device is equipped with a water separator with a tangential inlet, characterized in that each of the nozzles contains a housing with a swirl chamber and a nozzle, this case is made in the form of a supply fitting with an opening for supplying fluid from the line and a cylindrical sleeve coaxially connected to it, and a cooper connected to the case in its lower part o, made in the form of a centrifugal swirl in the form of a blind cylindrical insert with at least three tangential inlets in the form of cylindrical holes, while in the end surface of the centrifugal swirl made axial conical and cylindrical throttle holes connected in series with each other and coaxial with each other, and a centrifugal swirl is installed in the cylindrical chamber of the housing with the formation of an annular cylindrical chamber for supplying fluid to the tangential entries of the centrifugal curl chitel and connected to three chambers installed in series and coaxial to it: a conical, cylindrical, diffuser output chamber, and the chambers are mounted in such a way that the output of one chamber is the input to another, while the tangential entries are made in the form of channels tangentially located to the inner surface insertion.

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