RU24336U1 - TRAL FOR FISHING (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Description

Trawl for fishing (options)

The utility model relates to the field of fishing equipment, which uses acoustic systems, and can be used for trawling fish.

Known devices for trawl fishing using acoustic emitters as a fish concentrator, which are attached to the cut-off part of the trawl towed by the trawler, are placed on the outgoing apparatus, on the trawl boards. Acoustic emitters, their component parts create an acoustically illuminated space aimed at increasing the catch of fish. Technical solutions of devices are protected by patents No. 2007077, 2048095, 2140736, 2169465.

A device is known for trawl fishing for natent No. 2007077 C1 (publ. 1994.02.15, application No. 5047721/13 of 1992.06.15, applicants and patent holders Timin B.N. and Kudryavtsev V.I.), consisting of a net bag with the inherent parts of it and an acoustic emitter, designed to form an acoustically voiced space in the area of operation of the network trawl, consisting of a transducer and exciting equipment placed in a carrier towed with a net bag. The carrier is pivotally connected to the center of the end face of the cut portion of the net bag with the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axis.

The disadvantages of the device of the trawl for fishing are. As the trawling is performed, the cut part of the net bag as a result of changing directions of the underwater currents, the direction of movement of the trawl and filling it with fish, performs uncontrolled oscillatory movements that are transmitted to the acoustic emitter, as a result of which the acoustic radiation exposure area extends beyond the net part of the trawl.

A01K 73/02

The location of the acoustic emitter behind the cut-off part leads to a decrease in the concentration of fish products in the fishing zone due to a decrease in the intensity of the created fish-catching field outside the trawl boards.

Difficulties in regulating the operation of the emitter.

Due to the presence of rotating parts and a swivel joint, the design of the generator is unreliable in operation and requires additional repair costs.

The carrier has large dimensions and weight, which creates inconvenience for the crew.

A device for trawl fishing according to the patent No. 2048095 C1 (publ. 1995.11.20, application No. 93020096/13 dated 1993.04.19, the applicant and patent holder Timin B.N.) is a towed trawler, consisting of a net bag and an acoustic emitter, connected to a net bag and creating a fish-blocking acoustic field.

The trawler is also equipped with two tailpipes towed from opposite sides of the trawler. An acoustic emitter with a directional characteristic of the antenna in the form of a half-disk oriented towards the bottom of the sea is inserted into each outlet apparatus, its rotation angle in the horizontal plane relative to the diametrical part of the trawler is set so that the total angle between the horizontal axes of the directivity characteristics of the antennas of the acoustic emitter of the diversion apparatus is directed towards the trawl.

The disadvantages of the device for trawl fishing are. If a ship’s sonar detects a trawler of fish accumulations, the range and parameters of setting the bow exhaust acoustic devices of the trawl with an acoustic emitter are determined, and only after they are set up they begin to trawl. The included acoustic emitters of the diverting devices create

obstruction fields, but their remote control is absent, which

reduces the efficiency of the trawl.

Range of installation of diversion devices from trawl boards, with

taking into account the total length of the warp and ship (1000.0 and more meters) does not allow

receive acoustic radiation with a repulsive effect on

fish, and thereby direct it to the mouth of the trawl.

The presence of two tailpipes towed from two sides,

complicate the work of fishing.

A device is known for an acoustic hub for trawl fishing according to natent No. 2169465C1 (publ. 2001.06.27, application 200100663/13 of 2001.01.10, inventors, applicants and patent holders Timin B.N. and Sysenko V.A.).

The device is a carrier towed behind a trawl with rotation around its axis, creating a periodically discontinuous acoustic field covering the trawl and the area in front of the trawl by means of an acoustic emitter controlled by a program unit with a set of control signal programs and connected to a timer.

The vertical sensor generates a signal for the formation of four configuration options for acoustic field cross sections used in various trawling methods. The sensor has a complex device, including eight photosensors, consisting of LEDs and photocells. The acoustic effect alternates with pauses, after which the spectrum of the emitted signals changes, which excludes the adaptation of fish even to fields of increased intensity.

The disadvantages are the difficulty of controlling a hub located behind the trawl, the presence of rotating parts. The program block does not contain programs that regulate the creation of radiation of repelling and cutting off effects, taking into account the type of fish, its size, density

i / gff 3

3

accumulations, the depth of trawling and, depending on this, the optimal values of the frequency and duration of the radiation period.

The closest one to the prototype is a trawl for fishing according to patent No. 2040736 C1 (publ. 1999.11.10, application No. 98102076/13 of 1998.02.03, applicant and patent holder of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanology, inventor Kudryavtsev V.I.) .

The trawl for fishing consists of a cut, net, cable parts, cables, warriors, and an acoustic emitting system made in the form of two radiation blocks of a trawl board, a radiation block of the upper pick and a block of the lower pick.

Their acoustic transducers of the forward direction of radiation are made with a variable level of damping of the back (reverse) side to control the intensity of the acoustic field of the reverse direction of radiation depending on the holding characteristics of the cables, cable and net parts of the trawl.

Acoustic transducers have a wide radiation pattern in one plane and narrow in another plane perpendicular to it, namely at the trawl board blocks, the acoustic transducer has a wide characteristic (radiation pattern) in the vertical plane and narrow in the horizontal plane. For blocks of the upper and lower rebounds, on the contrary, a wide diagram in the horizontal plane and a narrow one in the vertical plane. Thus, the length of the sound zone in the front zone of the trawl (trawl system) and around the perimeter of the wellhead zone (trawl system) is ensured.

The known device of the trawl ne can be applied due to disadvantages. The presence in the acoustic radiating system of blocks of the upper and lower picks, and blocks of the trawl board, complicating the device

trawl, and its maintenance during operation, as well as remote control from the trawler.

The blocks of the trawl board, creating an acoustically voiced zone in the direction of movement of the trawler, cannot provide an increase in the area of fishing and in the opposite direction, outside the cables and the net part of the trawl, cannot create a deterrent effect for the fish leaving the trawl.

The installation of acoustic blocks on trawl boards, which create random turbulent flows during movement, causes the scattering of sound waves, also affects the operation of the board itself in the process of trawling.

The optimal pulse frequency and frequency from acoustic antennas are not determined depending on the type of fish and its presence in the water column, cluster density, etc.

An acoustic system that is difficult to operate, maintain, and manage from an onboard control unit for transmitting signals to turn on a radiating system.

For small trawls, the installation of acoustic emitters on light trawl boards will affect their alignment and disrupt operation, which excludes the possibility of operation for their intended purpose.

The proposed utility model solves the problem (for two options) of increasing catch by increasing the fishing zone, reducing trawling time without increasing the size of the net portion, increasing the efficiency of fish concentration using the acoustic system, by creating a repelling and cutting effect on the fish during trawling, and simplifying the acoustic system .

Varnant 2. Creating a cut-off and repelling effect from acoustic emitters for small trawls with light trawl boards.

boards, warriors, and an acoustic radiating system made in the form of two radiation blocks,

A distinctive feature of the proposed trawl for fishing from the above unknown, the closest to it are.

Varnant 1. Banking on carriers with removable radiation units, the acoustic antennas of which are not connected to one electronic unit, which includes a battery and a program unit that disables the operation of the antennas according to specified programs.

The design of mounting carriers on the warp allows you to quickly and easily install radiation units, eliminates their turn in relation to the trawl boards and the mouth of the trawl.

Radiation units are mounted on carriers and secured to cords prior to trawling.

Acoustic antennas are installed before the trawl is stopped in accordance with the pre-processed data for each setting, taking into account its characteristics and results obtained from search engines.

One antenna is installed so that the direction of the radiation cone from the antenna coincides in the horizontal plane with the direction of the cable lines of the trawl in the direction of movement of the trawler, provides a repelling effect on the fish, and the other antenna is installed so that the direction of the generatrix of the radiation cone coincides in the horizontal plane with the direction of the cable in in the opposite direction to the movement of the trawler, it provides a cut-off effect on the fish, reducing its exit from the fishing zone.

The angle of the radiation cone a, it is from 20 to 50 degrees. The turn of the antennas in the horizontal plane can make an angle of up to a / 2 and in the vertical plane from O to 50 degrees.

The calculation of the direction of the axial antennas in the horizontal plane is determined from two given angles of the triangle, where the angle p is the angle between the cable and the direction of movement of the trawler, angle y is the angle between the fan and the direction of movement of the trawler.

The frequency and intensity of radiation are set by control programs before the start of trawling, and there is an alternation of cycles, repelling and cutting off. For example, the period of operation of one antenna, repelling effects, is at least 30 seconds and depends on the type of fish and the conditions of trawling, and the frequency of operation of another antenna, cutting off exposure, is determined by the selection method depending on the first.

The radiation intensity is from 3 Hz to 30 kHz.

Option 2. Mounting on the upper cables at the mouth of the carrier trawl with removable radiation units, the acoustic antennas of which are connected to one electronic unit, including a battery and a program unit that provides the antennas for the specified programs.

The radiation from the repellent antennas is directed along the line when the axial cone of the radiation coincides with the direction of the cable in the direction of movement of the trawler. The radiation from the cut-off antennas is directed along the line when the generatrix of the radiation cone coincides with the direction of the cable and network parts of the trawl in the opposite direction to the motion of the trawler.

Due to the presence of these signs, a trawl for fishing is an option

1, in which the carrier is mounted on carriers with removable radiation units, it eliminates the scattering of sound waves caused by turbulent flows from trawl boards, simplifies the design and facilitates maintenance.

2 (2 (} 110h:

Trawl for fishing, option 2, in which the carriers are mounted on the upper cables at the mouth of the ladder with removable radiation units, allows the use of acoustic emitters for small trawls with light trawl boards.

For two options. The predefined parameters of the acoustic antennas before the start of trawling improve the repelling and cutting off effect on the fish, the trawling time is reduced, the concentration of fish in the fishing zone and the fishing area are increased without increasing the size of the net part.

Acoustic system is simplified by eliminating two

emitters installed on the upper and lower rebounds of the prototype becomes more compact due to the installation of two antennas connected to the electronic unit on one carrier.

The proposed device trawl for fishing is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1,2.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram explaining the operation of a trawl for fishing, option 1.

In FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the operation of the trawl for fishing, option 2.

Trawl for fishing. Option 1 (Fig. 1).

The ladder for fishing 2 towed by a trawler 1 consists of a cut 3, net and cable parts 4, cables 5, trawl boards 6, cords 7, mounted on carriers 8, on which radiation units 9 with antennas 10 operating from one electronic unit are mounted And on every medium.

The angle of the radiation cone a, it is. From 20 to 50 degrees. The turn of the antennas in the horizontal plane can make an angle of up to a / 2 and in the vertical plane from O to 50 degrees.

The calculation of the axial radiation direction of the antennas is determined from two given angles, where the angle J3 is the angle between the cable and the direction of movement of the trawler, the angle y is the angle between the fan and the direction of movement of the trawler.

The direction of radiation of one cone 12 in the horizontal plane coincides with the direction of the cables of the trawl 5 after the trawl boards in the direction opposite to the movement of the trawler. Fishing Area 13.

The direction of radiation of the other cone 14 in the horizontal plane coincides with the direction of the cables of the trawl 5 in the direction of movement of the trawler. The area of fishing in this case is 15.

Trawl for fishing. Option 2 (Fig. 2).

A trawl 1 towed by a trawler 1 for fishing 2 consists of cut 3, net and cable parts 4, cables 5, trawl boards 6, warriors 7, mounted on top cables 16 at the mouth of the trawl 17 carriers 8, on which radiation units 9 with antennas 10 are mounted operating from one electronic unit 11 on each medium.

The radiation from the repellent antennas is directed along the line when the axial cone of the radiation 18 coincides with the direction of the cable 5 in the direction of movement of the trawler. Radiation 19 from the cut-off antennas is directed along the line when the generatrix of the radiation cone coincides with the direction of the cable and net parts of the trawl in the opposite direction to the motion of the trawler.

The work of the proposed trawl for fishing is as follows.

Option 1. When a trawler 1 detects fish clusters by ship’s sonar, the trawler is set the appropriate course, trawl 2 is set up with carriers 8 mounted on warriors 7 with radiation units 9 installed on them, including one electronic unit 11 connected to antennas 10, which are tuned so that the generatrix of the radiation cone 12 coincides with

the direction of the cables of the trawl 5, in the opposite direction to the movement of the trawler, and the generatrix of the radiation cone 14 coincided with the direction of the cables in the direction of movement of the trawler.

The angle of the radiation cone a is from 20 to 50 degrees. The turn of the antennas in the horizontal plane can be an angle a / 2 and in the vertical plane from O to 50 degrees. In the vertical plane, the direction of the antenna is selected from the depth of trawling and finding the fish.

The calculation of the axial radiation direction of the antennas in the horizontal plane is determined from two given angles, where the angle P is the angle between the cable and the direction of motion of the trawler, the angle y is the angle between the fan and the direction of movement of the trawler.

The area of fish catch in this case increases due to the creation of radiation of a deterrent effect and the increase in catch due to the creation of radiation of the cut-off effect from acoustic antennas on the fish.

Acoustic antennas operate alternately and generate radiation according to certain programs with predetermined cycles and periods, the radiation period being, for example, at least 30 seconds for antennas creating a repelling effect, and the period time for other antennas creating a cutting effect is set depending from the first.

The radiation frequency may be, for example, from 3 Hz to 30 kHz.

Option 2. When a marine sonar detects trawler 1 of fish accumulations, the trawler is set the appropriate course, the trawl 2 is set up with carriers 8 mounted on the upper cables 16 at the mouth of the trawl 17, with acoustic radiation units 9 mounted on them and 10 antennas operating from one electronic unit 11, the antennas of which are configured so that the radiation of the repelling effect was directed along the line when the axial cone of the radiation coincides with the direction of the cable in the direction of travel of the trawler. The radiation from the cut-off antennas is directed along the line when the generatrix of the radiation cone coincides with the direction of the cable and network parts of the trawl in the opposite direction to the motion of the trawler. The angle of the radiation cone a, it is from 20 to 50 degrees. The turn of the antennas in the horizontal plane can be an angle a / 2 and in the vertical plane from O to 50 degrees. In the vertical plane, the direction of the antenna is selected from the depth of trawling and finding the fish. The direction of the axial radiation of the repelling antennae in the horizontal plane is determined in the direction of the trawler’s movement by the angle P, where the angle p is the angle between the cable and the direction of movement of the trawler, and the direction of the axial radiation of the antenna of the repelling effect is also determined by the angle J3, in the opposite direction to the motion of the trawler. The area of fish catch in this case increases due to the creation of radiation of a deterrent effect and the increase in catch due to the creation of radiation of the cut-off effect from acoustic antennas on the fish. Acoustic antennas operate alternately and generate radiation according to certain programs with predetermined cycles and periods, the radiation period being, for example, at least 30 seconds for antennas creating a repelling effect, and the period time for other antennas creating a cutting effect is set depending from the first The radiation frequency may be, for example, from 3 Hz to 30 kHz. The proposed trawl for fishing (option 1), when fastening carriers on carriers with removable radiation blocks, eliminates the scattering of sound waves caused by turbulent flows from trawl boards. 2 (

The proposed trawl for fishing (option 2) when mounted on the upper cables at the mouth of the trawl carriers with removable radiation units, allows the use of acoustic antennas for small trawls with light trawl boards.

For two variants of proposed trawls for fishing

the design is simplified and maintenance easier, the pre-set parameters of the acoustic antennas before trawling improve the repelling and cutting off effect on the fish, which allows to increase the trawl area, reduces the time of trawling without increasing the size of the net part, and increases the efficiency of fish concentration in the fishing zone. Acoustic system is simplified by eliminating two

emitters available for the prototype, installed on the upper and lower selections, becomes more compact, thanks to the installation of two antennas connected to the electronic unit on one carrier.

Claims (8)

1. Trawl for fishing, consisting of a cut, net, cable parts, cables, trawl boards, warriors and acoustic emitting system, made in the form of two radiation units, characterized in that the carriers are fixed to removable radiation units, acoustic antennas of which connected to one electronic unit, the radiation direction of the antennas with the angle of the radiation cone α is set before the start of trawling, the calculation of the radiation direction of which in the horizontal plane is determined from two given angles, where the angle β is the angle between the cable and the direction of movement of the trawler, the angle γ is the angle between the fan and the direction of movement of the trawler, while the radiation of the repelling effect coincides with the direction of the cable in the direction of movement of the trawler, the radiation of the cutting effect coincides with the direction of the cable in the direction opposite to the movement of the trawler, the radiation of acoustic antennas is performed according to certain programs with predetermined cycles and periods, as well as alternating repelling and cutting off effects, the intensity being radiated It can vary from low to high frequencies. 2. Trawl for fishing according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of the cone of radiation is from 20 to 50 ^o , the turn of the antennas in the horizontal plane can be an angle α / 2 and in the vertical plane from 0 to 50 ^o .  3. Trawl for fishing according to claim 1, characterized in that the cycle period of one antenna is at least 30 s, depending on the type of fish and the conditions of trawling.  4. Trawl for fishing according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiation frequency of the emitting antennas can be from 3 Hz to 30 kHz.  5. A trawl for fishing, consisting of a cut, net, cable parts, cables, trawl boards, warriors and an acoustic emitting system made in the form of two radiation units, characterized in that carriers with removable radiation units are fixed at the top of the trawl mouth the acoustic antennas of which are connected to one electronic unit, the radiation direction of the antennas with the angle of the radiation cone α is established before the start of trawling, the direction of the axial radiation of the repelling antennae in the horizontal plane is divided in the direction of the trawler’s movement by the angle β, where the angle β is the angle between the cable and the direction of motion of the trawler, and the direction of the axial radiation of the cut-off antennas is also determined by the angle β in the opposite direction to the trawler’s motion, while the radiation of the cut-off effect is directed along the line when the axial cone radiation coincides with the direction of the cable, radiation of the repelling effect is directed along the line when the generatrix of the cone coincides with the cable and network parts of the trawl, the radiation of acoustic antennas It follows the important for certain programs at predetermined cycles and periods, and the alternating shut-off and repellent effects, the radiation intensity can be varied from low to high frequencies. 6. Trawl for fishing according to claim 5, characterized in that the angle of the cone of radiation is from 20 to 50 ^o , the turn of the antennas in the horizontal plane can be an angle α / 2 and in the vertical plane from 0 to 50 ^o .  7. Trawl for fishing according to claim 5, characterized in that the cycle period of one antenna is at least 30 s, depending on the type of fish and the conditions of trawling. 8. Trawl for fishing according to claim 5, characterized in that the radiation frequency of the emitting antennas can be from 3 Hz to 30 kHz.