RU2433592C1 - Separatory rolling machine for bagel products production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for bakery industry, in particular, to equipment for production of bagel dough products pieces. The separatory roll-up machine for bagel products production contains a dough chamber with a receiving funnel for dough delivery, pressurising rolls, a replaceable moulding mechanism containing rolling pins, a replaceable holder with rolling cups, kickers for discharge of pieces onto a band conveyer and a drive accordingly connected to the pressurising rolls, a mobile traverse, the rolling cups holder and the band conveyer as well as a microprocessor of the system controlling the machine operation in automatic mode. The dosing part of the moulding mechanism is designed in the form of dismountable plungers positioned vertically inside the dispensing zone of the dough chamber; each plunger contains a cylindrical part, a rod connected to the rolling pin via a thread or another connection or designed as integrated with the pin into a one-piece item; in the lower part of the rolling pin rod a compression spring is positioned so that to enable its interaction with the cylindrical part of the plunger and a thrust plate in the holes whereof the rolling pin rods are inserted; the upper part of the rolling pin rod is connected to the thrust plate via a thread connection allowing to regulate the value of clearance between butt-end of the cylindrical part and the rolling pin projection; the upper mobile traverse is equipped with check pieces. According to the invention, the machine has simpler design due to reduction of the quantity of details and various mechanical transmissions, ensures high accuracy of dough pieces dosing, additionally allows to exclude dough adhesion to the rolling pins.

EFFECT: invention improves the machine reliability in the process of operation and its performance.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for the baking industry, in particular to equipment for the manufacture of dough blanks for lamb products.

In the baking industry, a whole series of obsolete equipment is still in operation, the use of which in the process, in addition to direct losses of raw materials and finished products, causes increased energy, fuel and labor costs, which leads to an increase in the cost of production.

In recent years, in the baking industry at all stages of the technological process, starting with the dosage of raw materials and packaging of finished products, foreign equipment has been widely introduced.

However, foreign companies do not have the development of equipment for dividing and forming dough pieces for lamb products (drying, bagels, bagels), since in the West the products of such formulations, physico-chemical and organoleptic indicators are not produced.

To solve this problem, it is necessary to search for new modern technical solutions aimed at improving working equipment and creating new technological equipment.

Known design dividing-seaming machine, developed by the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of the Baking Industry (VNIIHP).

It consists of a piston box with a receiving funnel for dough, feed rolls with a mechanism for controlling the angle of rotation of the rolls, interchangeable piston chambers in which the injection pistons and forming sleeves are placed, interchangeable clips with rolling cups, rolling pins, a conveyor belt, a mechanism for laying dough pieces of bagels on boards and drive mechanism. The working bodies of the machine are driven by an electric motor transmitting movement through a belt drive, a cylindrical pair of gears to the main shaft. A groove fist is fixed on the main shaft, in the groove of which a roller is mounted, sitting on an axis mounted on a two-arm lever. The lever swings on the axis and consists of two parts connected by a finger. The upper part of the lever with two rods is connected to the axles connecting the pressure pistons in pairs. During the injection of the test, the force from the lever is transmitted to the pistons through the screw and rods. When the lever is swinging back, the force providing movement of the delivery pistons is perceived by the screw.

The replaceable cage in which the rolling glasses are mounted is driven by a mechanism consisting of a fist mounted on the main shaft and a lever, on the end of which there is a roller on the axis. The lever is fixed on the shaft, on the same shaft there is a lever connected by a rod with a small shoulder of one of the levers mounted on the shaft. The levers of the upper ends are pivotally connected to the traverse, in which a removable clip is fixed. The profile of the fist groove provides reciprocating movement of the rolling cups with the corresponding magnitude of their stroke during the rolling of the dough pieces. The feed rolls are driven in periodic rotation through a pair of cylindrical gears and a ratchet mechanism, which is connected to the thrust by a lever fixed to the shaft, receiving movement from the groove fist. When the rolling cups move forward, the feed rolls rotate, when they move in the opposite direction, the rolls are stationary. Thus, in one cycle, the feed rolls produce two feeds of dough into the working chambers. The conveyor belt moves at a constant speed and is driven from the main shaft through a chain drive and a pair of spur gears.

The disadvantage of an analogue is the complexity of the design and high metal consumption. A large number of mechanical gears leads to unreliability in the operation of the entire machine.

A known machine for the manufacture of dough blanks for sheepskin products (RF patent No. 2196427, published January 20, 2003, BI No. 2), which contains a roller feeder, multi-channel piston extruder, forming heads, each of which is made in the form of a sleeve with a coaxially located on it a spring-loaded cylindrical knife, a rolling pin and a rolling sleeve installed with the possibility of reciprocating motion, a dump of dough pieces, as well as a conveyor belt. The forming head is provided with a valve fixed between the extrusion chamber and the loading chamber with the possibility of rotation. In this case, the contact surface of the dropper of the dough pieces is made at an angle to the axis of rolling no more than 90 °, and the conveyor belt is made through.

The invention allows to improve the quality of the finished product while reducing the complexity and increasing the reliability of the mechanism, but has several disadvantages, namely:

- the design is complicated because contains many mechanical gears, a multi-channel extrusion chamber, the dosing of which is carried out by means of a special valve;

- rolling pins and rolling glasses made motionless, which affects the quality of the workpieces.

The closest technical solution to the claimed technical solution is a dividing-seaming machine for the manufacture of lamb products, protected by RF patent No. 2289247.

The machine includes a receiving funnel for feeding dough, feed rolls with a mechanism for adjusting the angle of rotation, a forming mechanism including piston chambers in which pressure pistons, forming sleeves, a removable holder with rolling cups, rolling pins, a conveyor belt with scarves and a drive mechanism are placed. The drive mechanism is made in the form of four pneumatic cylinders, the rods of which are connected respectively to the feed rolls, pressure pistons, interchangeable cage and belt conveyor. The pneumatic cylinders are connected to the microprocessor through electromagnetic pneumatic distributors and reed switches.

Works dividing-seaming machine as follows. The pneumatic cylinders drive the actuators - feed rolls, pressure pistons and rolling cups mounted in a cage. Pieces of dough are loaded into the hopper. The feed rolls, turning towards each other, feed the dough into the piston chambers. At this time, the delivery pistons are in the extreme left position (the piston of the pneumatic cylinder is also in the extreme left position). When the pistons move from left to right, the dough is squeezed in the form of annular blanks through the annular slots that are formed by the output ends of the forming sleeves and the shoulders of rolling pins fixed in the sleeves. After pressing the blanks, the rolling cups begin to move and release the cylindrical knives, which cut the blanks from the total mass of the dough and at the same time slightly move them along the rolling pins. The interchangeable clip, continuing to move to the right, captures the workpieces and clamps them between its inner surface and the surface of the rolling pins. Then the blanks are rolled up on the rolling pins - threefold reciprocating movement of the rolling glasses along the rolling pins. In the third movement, from left to right, the rolling glasses go a long way and roll the bagels from the rolling pins, leaving them at the exit in the glasses. With further movement in this direction, glasses are met on their way by ejectors, pushing the workpiece onto the conveyor belt. Rolling glasses, returning to the extreme left position, take the cylindrical knives to their original position. After that, the cycle of the machine is repeated.

The main disadvantage of the prototype, as well as previous analogues, is the horizontal arrangement of the forming unit, which does not allow the multi-row arrangement of the forming mechanism and reduces the performance of the machine. To form ring blanks, the dough is squeezed out by pistons through long forming sleeves, which requires very high pressure developed by the pneumatic cylinders and a large flow of compressed air in the pneumatic system, which reduces the accuracy of dosing, which leads to a spread in the weight of the ram products. When forming dough pieces, sticking of the dough to the rolling pins periodically occurs, so you have to periodically stop the machine to remove dough residues from the rolling pins, which leads to a decrease in the reliability and performance of the machine.

In addition, the discharge conveyor driven by one of the four pneumatic cylinders works like the other three in periodic mode. When pushing the workpiece onto the belt of the discharge conveyor at the moment of its stop, they lie on the belt of the discharge conveyor not strictly along the axes that are consistent with the channels of the inserts of the replaceable holder, but with a deviation from them in one direction or another.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to simplify the design while eliminating the disadvantages inherent in the prototype by increasing the accuracy of dispensing dough pieces, eliminating their sticking on the rolling pins and reducing energy consumption for molding and also increasing its productivity due to the multi-row placement of the forming mechanism.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the well-known dividing-seaming machine for the manufacture of lamb products, containing a test chamber with a receiving funnel for feeding dough, injection rolls, a removable forming mechanism containing rolling pins, a removable holder with rolling cups, blanks dumpers on a conveyor belt and drives, respectively connected to the injection rolls, with a movable traverse, with a holder of rolling cups and a conveyor belt, as well as a microprocessor (controller) system we control the operation of the machine in automatic mode, significant changes have been made, namely:

- the dosing part of the forming mechanism is made in the form of vertically arranged split plungers, the dosing part of which is located in the transfer zone of the test chamber;

- the plunger contains a cylindrical part, a rod connected to the shank of the rolling pin by means of a threaded or other connection or made as a single part with a rolling pin;

- on the lower part of the rod between the cylindrical part of the plunger and the shank of the rolling pin there is a compression spring which interacts with the thrust plate through the rod;

- on the upper part of the rod there is a device for regulating the volume of the dosing cavity;

- adjustable stoppers of the rolling stroke are installed on the thrust plate.

In addition, split plungers and rolling cups in the lower traverse (cage) are arranged in several rows, which are staggered relative to adjacent rows, and the end face of the cylindrical part of the plunger and the rolling pin are conical with different angles of cones, with the possibility of formation, when closed cutting edge.

The location of the dosing part of the forming mechanism in the transfer zone of the test chamber vertically allows you to arrange the forming mechanisms in several rows, which increases the productivity of the machine.

The execution of the dough batch dispenser in the form of a detachable plunger, in which the end face of the cylindrical part and the rolling protrusion are made with different conical angles, makes it possible to form a volumetric dosing cavity, and by changing the gap between them to increase the volumetric accuracy of dosing the dough piece, and also reduce its molding force.

When the piston chamber closes with the rolling pin, the conical cut acts as a knife, cutting the workpiece.

The compression spring provides a certain force of the elements of the split plunger during the initial installation of the gap and when rolling the dough piece in rolling cups.

Travel limiters mounted on the thrust plate provide fixing of the rolling pin in the lower working position, at which the dough is formed when the holder moves with rolling cups.

The design and operation of the dividing-seaming machine is illustrated using the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the dividing-seaming machine.

Figure 2 shows the detailed design of the forming mechanism in the initial position at which the dose is taken.

Figure 3 shows the process of forming a dough blank of a sheepskin product.

Figure 4 shows the process of rolling a dough piece between rolling cups and a rolling pin.

Dividing-seaming machine (Fig. 1) consists of: a test chamber 1 with pressure rolls 2, an electric drive 3 (not shown in Fig. 1), a receiving funnel 4, a forming mechanism 5, including an upper crosshead 6, plungers 7 and rolling pin 8, lower traverse (ferrule) 9, transfer zone 10 of the test chamber, belt conveyor 11, guiding traverse 12, pneumatic cylinders 13 (upper traverse drive) and 14 (lower traverse drive), cabinet 15 of the machine operation control system and frame 16, on which nodes and mechanisms of the machine.

1 also does not show the drive of the conveyor belt 11.

The forming mechanism (figure 2) consists of a metering and rolling units.

The dosing unit is made in the form of a detachable plunger 7 containing a cylindrical part 17 and a rolling pin 8, a rod 18 connected to a rolling pin 8, a compression spring 19, as well as an abutment bar 20, an adjustment unit 21 for adjusting the gap between the end face of the cylindrical part and the protrusion of the rolling pin and the sleeve ejector 23.

The rolling unit includes a lower beam (cage) 9, in which the rolling cups 22 are installed, coaxial with the bushings 23, which perform the function of dropping the dough pieces onto the conveyor 11, each rolling cup being held in the cage 9 by means of a latch 24.

The drawing also shows the conical end 25 of the cylindrical part 17 of the plunger 7 and the protrusion 26 of the rolling pin 8 and the limiters 27 of the rolling stroke.

Figure 3 shows the process of extruding an annular dough piece and forming it when closing the end face of the cylindrical part 17 of the plunger with the protrusion of the rolling pin 8.

Figure 4 shows the process of rolling the dough piece between the rolling pin 8 and the rolling cup 22 and forming the dough piece 28 into a sheepskin product.

Works seaming and dividing machine as follows. In the initial position of the traverse 6, the volume of the dosing annular cavity, i.e. the gap between the end face of the cylindrical part of the plunger 7 and the protrusion 26 of the shank of the rolling pin 8, which determines the mass of the dough piece, which depends on the molded product - drying, bagels, bagels.

The dough enters the chamber 1 through the receiving funnel 4 and the injection rollers 2 (drive 3 of which is not shown in FIG. 1) moves to the transfer zone 10 of the test chamber. In this zone, in an upright position, in several rows, dispensers are installed staggered, which are made in the form of split plungers 7. Under the pressure created by the rollers 2, the metering cavities of the plungers. When the pneumatic cylinder 13 is turned on, the yoke 6 presses on the cylindrical part 17, as a result of which the plunger with a dose of dough moves downward with a rolling pin 8 connected to the rod 18 until the travel stop 27 fixes the thrust plate 20, while the rolling pin 8 stops at the exit from the sleeve 23 so that between the end of the sleeve and the protrusion of the rolling pin an annular gap is formed to exit the dough filling the dosing cavity formed by the tapered groove 25 of the cylindrical portion of the plunger. Further movement of the traverse 6, and, accordingly, of the cylindrical part 17 of the plunger, extrudes the dough from the undercut and closes the end face 25 of the cylindrical part 17 of the plunger and the protrusion 26 of the rolling pin 8, as a result, the test piece is cut off. At this moment, according to the signal of the control system 15, the pneumatic actuator 13 is turned off, and the pneumatic actuator 14 is turned on, and the lower crosshead (holder) 9 starts to reciprocate, rolling the dough piece between the rolling pin and the inner surface of the rolling cup 22 (Fig. 4). This process continues until the dough piece assumes the correct torus shape. Next, the lower crosshead 9 with the rolling cups returns to its original position, and then the detachable plunger 7 returns to its original position, as a result of which the test piece 28 is released and dumped onto the conveyor belt 11. When the detachable plungers 7 return to the upper position, the cylindrical part 17 and the rolling pin 8 under the action of the spring 19 is returned to its original position (figure 2).

Then, the cycle of obtaining dough blanks of the ram products is repeated.

The performance of the machine depends on the number of split plungers installed in several rows in a checkerboard pattern, which allows to increase their number. The number of rolling cups mounted coaxially to the cylindrical part of the plunger in the ferrule 9 must correspond to them.

The proposed machine has several advantages over the well-known technical solutions for a similar purpose, because It has a relatively simple design, due to the reduction in the number of parts and various mechanical gears. At the same time it is convenient in operation and does not require significant energy consumption in comparison with known machines. Dosing accuracy is increased, as volumetric dosing is applied - the dose volume corresponds to the size of the dosing cavity formed between the conical ends of the cylindrical part 25 of the plunger and the protrusion 26 of the rolling pin 8.

Currently, technical documentation has been developed and prototypes of the machine are being manufactured.

The introduction of the machine is scheduled for late 2010, taking into account consumer demand.

Claims (5)

1. Dividing-seaming machine for the manufacture of sheepskin products, containing a test chamber with a receiving funnel for feeding dough, injection rolls, a removable forming mechanism, including rolling pins, rolling cups, workpiece ejectors on a conveyor belt and drives, respectively connected with a discharge roll, with a movable traverse, with a holder of rolling cups and a conveyor belt, as well as a microprocessor of the machine operation control system in automatic mode, characterized in that the dosing part f The rolling mechanism is located vertically in the transfer zone of the test chamber and is made in the form of detachable plungers containing a cylindrical part, a rod connected to the end of the rolling pin, on which a compression spring is placed between the cylindrical part of the plunger and the end of the rolling pin, which interacts with the thrust plate through the rod, and the upper part of the rod has a device for changing the gap between the protrusion of the rolling pin and the end face of the cylindrical part of the plunger, forming a metering cavity. 2. Dividing-seaming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the end face of the cylindrical part of the plunger and the rolling pin are conical with different angles of the cones, with the possibility of formation of a cutting edge when they are closed. 3. Dividing-seaming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the split plungers and the rolling cups in a replaceable holder are placed in several rows arranged in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other. 4. Dividing-seaming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling pin can be connected to the stem of the split plunger by means of a threaded or other connection or made as a single part with it. 5. Dividing-seaming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that on the thrust plate are installed limiters of the rolling stroke.

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