RU2430761C1 - Kochetov's vortex-type foam generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fluid and solution sprayers. Foam generator comprises housing with swirling chamber and nozzle. Housing is made up of union with fluid feed channel and air feed channel, and cylindrical coaxial sleeve. Nozzle making radial-flow first-stage swirler with three tangential inlet cylindrical bores is jointed to housing bottom. Vortex taper chamber with screw grooves on its inner surface is arranged above said swirler, chamber surface making second stage of fluid swirler. Note here that radial-flow swirler is communicated, via chamber communicated with throttle, with taper vortex chamber bottom. Note also that taper chamber top section has at least three tangential; cylindrical inlet bores arranged tangentially to its inner surface. Fluid is fed to said inlets via three cylindrical bores communicated with tangential inlets at right angle. Axes of said bores are parallel to nozzle axis. Besides said bores communicate with cylindrical chamber arranged above aforesaid cover perpendicular to its axis. Besides, fair representing truncated cone with central opening is arranged above cylindrical chamber to communicate with both cylindrical chamber and housing inlet to feed fluid from main line. Taper-ring-like clearance is arranged between side taper surface of fair and housing inner taper surface. Note here that radial-flow swirler is fitted in housing to form annular cylindrical chamber to feed fluid to tangential inlets of radial-flow swirler with its cylindrical chamber communicated with nozzle outlet taper chamber. Spreader made up of perforated cylindrical shell with perforated bottom is arranged on nozzle case, opposite taper chamber. ^ EFFECT: higher efficiency of fire extinguishing. ^ 1 dwg.

Description

The invention relates to means for spraying liquids, solutions.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a foam generator.with. USSR No. 306270, F02C 7/24 from 04.01.70., Comprising a housing with a swirl chamber and a nozzle insert (prototype).

A disadvantage of the known design is that it does not provide a wide and finely dispersed torch of the sprayed liquid, as well as highly multiple air-mechanical foam.

The technical result is an increase in fire extinguishing efficiency by increasing the spray pattern and the fineness of the sprayed liquid, as well as the formation of highly multiple air-mechanical foam.

This is achieved by the fact that in a vortex foam generator containing a casing with a swirl chamber and a nozzle, the casing is made in the form of a fitting with a tube for supplying liquid and a channel for supplying air, and a cylindrical, coaxial sleeve rigidly connected to it, and coaxially to the body, in its lower connected to the nozzle part 5, made in the form of a centrifugal swirl of the first stage in the form of a cylindrical cavity with at least three tangential inlets in the form of cylindrical holes, and above the centrifugal swirl of the first stage is installed a vortex conical chamber with a screw thread on its inner surface, which is the second stage of the fluid swirler, while the centrifugal swirl through the cavity connected to the central throttle is connected to the vortex conical chamber in its lower part, while the conical chamber has at least three tangential entries in the form of cylindrical holes tangentially located to its inner surface, and the supply of the working fluid to the tangential entries is carried out by It least three cylindrical holes connected with tangential inlets at right angles, and the axes of which are parallel to the nozzle axis, the openings being connected to the cylindrical chamber, situated above the conical chamber cover perpendicular to its axis; at the same time, a fairing is located above the cylindrical chamber, made in the form of a truncated cone with a central hole connected simultaneously with the cylindrical chamber and the housing opening for supplying fluid from the line, and there is a gap between the side conical surface of the fairing and the inner conical surface of the housing in the form of a conical ring, while the centrifugal swirl is installed in the housing with the formation of an annular cylindrical chamber for supplying fluid to the tangential nym inputs centrifugal swirler cylindrical cavity of which is connected with an output cam conical nozzle, and the nozzle body, coaxially fixed conical chamber divider, designed as a perforated cylindrical shell with a perforated bottom, mounted opposite the conical chamber.

The drawing shows a diagram of a vortex foam generator.

The vortex foam generator contains a housing 1, which is made in the form of a fitting with a cylindrical, coaxial sleeve 2 with an external thread rigidly connected to it, and inside of which a tube 21 is arranged coaxially for supplying liquid from the line or a foaming agent solution. The cavity 3 between the outer surface of the tube 21 and the inner surface of the housing serves to supply compressed air from a turbocharger (not shown).

Coaxially to the housing 1, in its lower part, a nozzle 5 is connected by means of a sleeve 7 with an internal thread, made in the form of a centrifugal swirl 17 of the first stage in the form of a cylindrical cavity 15 with at least three tangential inlets 16 in the form of cylindrical holes. The sleeve 7 is part of the nozzle 5 and is installed coaxially and coaxially with respect to the centrifugal swirler 17 of the first stage.

Above the centrifugal swirl 17 of the first stage, a vortex conical chamber 13 with screw thread is installed on its inner surface, which is the second step of the swirl 17. The centrifugal swirl 17 through the cavity 15 connected to the central choke 14 is connected to the swirl conical chamber 13 in its lower part.

In the upper part, the conical chamber 13 has at least three tangential inlets 10 in the form of cylindrical holes tangentially located to its inner surface. The supply of the working fluid to the tangential entries 10 is carried out by means of at least three cylindrical holes 9 connected to the tangential entries 10 at right angles and whose axes are parallel to the axis of the nozzle 5, and these holes are connected to a cylindrical chamber 8 located above the conical cover 11 chamber 13, perpendicular to its axis.

A cowl 4 is arranged above the cylindrical chamber 8 and is made in the form of a truncated cone with a central hole 18 connected simultaneously with the cylindrical chamber 8 and the housing opening 3 for supplying liquid from the main. Between the lateral conical surface of the fairing 4 and the inner conical surface of the housing 1 at the junction with the sleeve 2 there is a gap 12 in the form of a conical ring.

A centrifugal swirl 17 is installed in the housing 1 with the formation of an annular cylindrical chamber 6 for supplying fluid to the tangential inlets 16 of the centrifugal swirl, the cylindrical cavity 15 of which is connected to the outlet conical chamber 19 of the nozzle 5. A divider 20 is mounted coaxially to the conical chamber 19 in the form of a cylindrical perforated shell with a perforated bottom mounted opposite the conical chamber 19.

Vortex foam generator works as follows.

When applying fluid under pressure to the cavity of the hole 3 of the housing 1, it is divided into two uniform flows: one stream rushes through the central hole 18 of the cowl 4 into the cylindrical chamber 8, and from it into the cylindrical holes 9 connected to the tangential inlets 10 of the vortex conical chamber 13 , where the formation of a conical vortex occurs, which swirls the fluid flow in it and is directed through the central throttle 14 into the cylindrical cavity 15 of the centrifugal swirl 17.

The second fluid stream flows through an annular cylindrical chamber 6 to the tangential inlets 16 of the centrifugal swirler 17, where it is also twisted.

In this way, two associated swirling fluid flows are formed, moving towards the conical chamber 19 of the nozzle 5, where upon expiration from the chamber, the liquid chambers are crushed in two rotating vortices, to obtain a finely dispersed phase, and the divider 20 promotes the formation of highly multiple air-mechanical foam.

In this case, the total angular velocity of the swirling fluid flows in one direction determines the spray angle of the generated fluid flow.

The swirling foam flow formed in the centrifugal swirler 6 enters the inlet of the conical chamber 14. When sections 15 and 16 pass, an accelerated foam flow is formed. The intensive formation of cavitation bubbles in a swirling flow occurs in the diffuser outlet chamber 16. Air-mechanical foam is formed by mechanical mixing of air and a surfactant (foaming agent PO-1 or PO-6). The air-mechanical foam contains about 90% (by volume) of air and 10% of an aqueous solution of a foaming agent. To extinguish fires, it is more efficient to use high-pressure air-mechanical foam, which contains about 99% (by volume) of air, 0.96% of water and about 0.04% of a foaming agent. The multiplicity of the usual air-mechanical foam is 8-12, and high-fold - 100 or more. Durability of air-mechanical foam from 20 to 40 minutes Foam should be used when burning cotton fiber other poorly wettable fibrous materials. Foam is especially effective in extinguishing fires of flammable liquids (LVH) and flammable liquids.

Claims (1)

A vortex foam generator containing a housing with a swirl chamber and a nozzle, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a fitting with a tube for supplying liquid and a channel for supplying air, and a cylindrical coaxial sleeve rigidly connected to it, and coaxially with the body, in its lower part, a nozzle made in the form of a centrifugal swirl of the first stage in the form of a cylindrical cavity with at least three tangential inlets in the form of cylindrical holes is connected, and a vikh is mounted above the centrifugal swirl of the first stage evaya conical chamber with a screw thread on its inner surface; which is the second stage of the fluid swirl, the centrifugal swirl through the cavity connected to the Central throttle connected to the vortex conical chamber in its lower part, while in the upper part the conical chamber has at least three tangential inlets in the form of cylindrical holes, located tangentially to its inner surface, and the supply of the working fluid and tangential inputs is carried out through at least three cylindrical holes connected to the tangential input at right angles, and whose axes are parallel to the axis of the nozzle, and these holes are connected to a cylindrical chamber located above the cover of the conical chamber perpendicular to its axis, with a fairing above the cylindrical chamber made in the form of a truncated cone with a central hole connected simultaneously with the cylindrical the chamber and the housing opening for supplying fluid from the line, and between the lateral conical surface of the fairing and the inner conical surface of the housing at the junction of it with the guards there is a gap in the form of a conical ring, while the centrifugal swirl is installed in the housing with the formation of an annular cylindrical chamber for supplying fluid to the tangential inlets of the centrifugal swirl, the cylindrical cavity of which is connected to the outlet conical chamber of the nozzle, and is fixed to the nozzle body coaxially with the conical chamber a divider made in the form of a cylindrical perforated shell with a perforated bottom mounted opposite the conical chamber.