RU2428952C1 - Frame detachable prosthesis with soft basis and micromobility of artificial teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: dental prosthesis includes artificial teeth, soft basis from silicon, one-piece perforated metal frame, located inside soft basis from silicon, one-piece metal plate with fixing elements for fixation of artificial teeth, located inside one-piece perforated metal frame, with passing through holes in it and protruding above it fixing elements, located perpendicularly to surface of one-piece metal plate, cushioning layer, located between one-piece metal plate and soft basis. Artificial teeth are fixed by fixing elements. Soft basis from silicon overlaps prosthesis bed on prosthesis boundaries and is fixed to metal frame via perforation. Metal frame is made in form of plate with transverse section from 0.3 mm, width - from 2 mm, with diameter of holes from 1 mm, evenly applied on entire frame surface, repeating configuration of vestibular, oral and palatine surfaces of soft basis from silicon. One-piece metal frame is made with transverse section from 0.3 mm, width from 2 mm and length in accordance with selected number of teeth in order to provide them with property of micromorbidity. Fixing elements for artificial teeth are cast together with one-piece metal plate as one product, have diameter from 1 mm, height from 2 mm, and are located on entire length and in the centre of one-piece metal plate. Distance between fixed artificial teeth by metal fixing elements on one-piece metal plate and one-piece perforated metal frame constitutes from 0.5 mm. Metal plate fixing elements tightly joins internal surface of one-piece perforated metal frame. ^ EFFECT: cushioning layer is from 1 mm to 1,5 mm thick and is made from soft material with lower density than silicon material for manufacturing prosthesis basis and is applied on entire internal surface of one-piece metal plate, facing soft silicon basis. ^ 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of - Dentistry. Orthopedics. Complete removable dentures.

Known analogues

Full acrylic removable dentures with a soft base. Consisting of artificial teeth, a rigid acrylic base and chemical bonds connected to it with a soft base made of acrylic elastic plastics or silicone base materials, as well as basic elastic plastics based on fluororubber or polyvinyl chloride. All soft elastic materials have several advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantages are that acrylic plastics lose their elasticity relatively quickly, silicone elastic materials do not bond well to a solid base, fluororubber elastic materials have complicated and imperfect manufacturing techniques, expensive and environmentally hazardous, polyvinyl chloride elastic materials have a disadvantage like plasticizer migration and aging, etc. d. A common drawback for all bases of elastic materials is that they are chemically bonded to a rigid basis, increasing the total thickness of the surfaces of a complete denture almost twice, and also increasing the total weight of the prosthesis, and the use of elastic materials in complete removable dentures with a thickness of less than 1 mm does not lead to the desired results due to a decrease in the elastic properties of materials. Bibliographic data of published sources of information: Textbook "Dental prosthetics." Comp. Kopeikin V.N. and Demder L.M. The eighth section. Production of prostheses in the complete absence of teeth, pp. 277-305. Triada-X Publishing House, Moscow, 2003, Guide to Orthopedic Dentistry. Prosthetics in the absence of teeth. Edited by I. Lebedenko, E.S. Kalivrajiyana, T.I. Ibragimova 12.3.2. Elastic base polymers. Page 241-243. Design "Medical News Agency", 2005, Moscow.

A removable frame prosthesis with a soft base and micro-mobility of artificial teeth is proposed, including artificial teeth (Figure 1, Figure 2), characterized in that the artificial teeth are fixed with acrylic plastic cold or hot polymerization or various composite materials for fixing elements on a cast metal a plate with fixing elements for artificial teeth; soft silicone base (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), characterized in that the soft silicone base overlaps the prosthetic bed along the borders of the prosthesis and is attached to the solid cast perforated metal frame due to mechanical fastening and chemical bonds of the inner and outer layers of the soft silicone base through perforation (holes) in a one-piece perforated metal frame inside a soft silicone base; solid perforated metal frame (Figure 1; 2; 4; 5; 6;), characterized in that it is; one-piece metal plate with a cross section of 0.3 mm, with holes (perforations) of a diameter of 1 mm, evenly applied over the entire plane of the frame, one-piece perforated metal frame repeats the configuration of the vestibular, oral and palatine surfaces of the soft silicone base and is located inside the soft base made of silicone, used for fastening a soft base of silicone, providing the necessary configuration, hardness and rigidity of the entire structure; solid metal plate with fixing elements for artificial teeth (Fig. 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6;), characterized in that it is located inside the solid cast perforated metal frame with holes passing through the holes in the solid cast metal frame and protruding above the solid cast perforated metal frame with fixing elements for artificial teeth and artificial teeth fixed to fixing elements, solid metal plate with fixing elements for fixing and artificial teeth is a solid metal plate with a cross section of 0.3 mm, a width of 2 mm and a length in accordance with the selected number of teeth to give them the properties of micromotion, with metal locking elements for artificial teeth located perpendicular to the surface of the cast metal plate used to attach artificial teeth to metal retaining elements; metal fixing elements for artificial teeth are cast together with a cast metal plate as a single metal product (Fig. 1; 2; 3;), fixing elements having a diameter of 1 mm, a height of 2 mm, located along the entire length and center of the cast metal plate, perpendicular to its surface, solid metal plate with metal locking elements for artificial teeth, located inside the solid metal perforated metal frame (Figure 5;), which serves to give a suit To the teeth, the properties of micro-mobility and attachment of artificial teeth to the metal fixing elements, and the fixing elements pass through the holes in the solid cast perforated metal frame (Fig. 6;) and artificial teeth are attached to them using acrylic plastic of cold or hot polymerization or various composite materials for metal fixing elements, while the distance between the metal teeth fixed to the metal fixing elements on a solid metal plate it is from 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm, and the metal plate with metal fixing elements should fit snugly against the inner surface of the cast aluminum perforated metal frame, and on the entire inner surface of the cast metal plate with fixing elements for artificial teeth facing the soft silicone base, a cushioning layer is applied (Figure 5;), a cushioning layer located between a solid metal plate with xing elements for artificial teeth and a soft basis of silicone (Fig. 1, 2,), is a shock-absorbing layer with a thickness of 1 mm to 1.5 mm, which is a soft silicone or other soft material with a lower density, then There is softer than silicone material for the manufacture of the prosthesis base.

A removable frame prosthesis with a soft base and micro-mobility of artificial teeth, characterized in that there is no solid acrylic base in this design, and artificial teeth have micro-mobility, which imitates the micro-mobility of natural teeth, with functional occlusion due to the internal stress of silicone during compression and further release of additional vertical The vector elastic forces of silicone in the shock-absorbing layer and the silicone base accelerate and facilitate the process of biting and chewing of solid food, the chewing effectiveness of prostheses increases, with dynamic occlusion, sagittal and transverse movements of the lower jaw from the position of central occlusion, in which the patient maintains sliding contact between the teeth of the upper and lower jaws, the movements of the lower jaw are smoother and more balanced, the rollover and imbalance of prostheses are reduced with functional occlusion, in this design the method of double depreciation and redistribution of the masticatory load of dentures is applied, namely: iziruyuschem layer and a silicone basis, on alveolar occurs more uniform wear of artificial teeth, bone atrophy reduced alveolar bone, increased lifetime prostheses is more rapid adaptation to the patient's dentures.

A brief description of the attached drawings and photographs.

1 - Artificial teeth

2 - Solid metal plate with fixing elements for artificial teeth

3 - Soft silicone base

4 - Solid cast perforated metal frame

5 - 1 mm gap between the solid cast perforated metal frame and the fixed artificial teeth for the fixing elements for artificial teeth on the solid metal plate

6 - Acrylic plastic of cold or hot polymerization or various composite materials.

7 - Fixing elements for artificial teeth

8 - cushioning layer

9 - Plaster cast

The implementation of the invention.

Frame removable denture with soft base and micromotion of artificial teeth

The proposed object is made in the following way:

1. Primary casts.

2. Production of an individual impression spoon.

3. Making bite patterns.

4. Definition of central occlusion.

All primary stages are carried out in the usual manner.

The manufacture of a removable removable prosthesis with a soft base and micro-mobility of artificial teeth is considered from the receipt of models of the upper and lower jaws and bite patterns to the dental laboratory, after determining the central occlusion by the doctor, the models are marked at the future borders of the prosthesis, fixed (plaster) in an occluder or articulator.

Further: on the gypsum model, the boundaries of the solid cast perforated metal frame and the solid cast metal plate with fixing elements for fixing artificial teeth are marked.

Further: it is reserved, with the help of wax, a place under the silicone layer in the center of the alveolar process to the required thickness.

Further: it is reserved, using wax, a place under a layer of silicone adjacent to the prosthetic bed to the required thickness.

Further: a solid metal plate with fixing elements for fixing artificial teeth is modeled from wax or a polymer thermoplastic material and transferred to a foundry laboratory, a solid metal plate with fixing elements for fixing artificial teeth obtained from a foundry laboratory is finished and installed in its place on a gypsum model.

Further: a perforated metal frame is modeled from wax or a polymer thermoplastic material, perforated is applied to it and transferred to a foundry laboratory, a perforated metal frame obtained from a foundry laboratory is finished and mounted in its place on a plaster model on top of a cast metal plate with fixing elements for fastening artificial teeth.

Further: on the fixing elements of the cast metal plate, a wax setting roller is installed for setting artificial teeth.

Next: artificial teeth are staged in the generally accepted manner.

Further: the cast aluminum perforated metal frame together with the molded metal plate with fixing elements for fixing the artificial teeth and the installed artificial teeth is removed from the plaster model and the artificial teeth are fixed on the fixing elements of the molten metal plate depending on the chosen method in the usual manner.

Further: the gap between the artificial teeth and the solid cast perforated metal frame from 0.5 to 1.0 mm is freed, using a drill and separation discs or burs.

Further: a cast aluminum perforated metal frame together with a molded metal plate with fixing elements for fixing artificial teeth and fixed artificial teeth is installed in its place on the plaster model and the basis of the wax prosthesis is modeled.

Next: the finished prosthesis composition with a wax base is gypsum into the dental cuvette in the generally accepted way, the wax is removed, a shock-absorbing layer is applied, then silicone is formed for the prosthesis base and the polymerization process is carried out according to the instructions for the particular type of silicone selected.

Further: the prosthesis is removed from the dental cuvette, finished, sanded and polished; if required by technology, it is covered with a special varnish.

Claims (1)

A removable removable denture with a soft base and micro-mobility of artificial teeth, including artificial teeth, a soft silicone base, a cast aluminum perforated metal frame located inside a silicone soft base, a cast metal plate with fixing elements for fastening artificial teeth, located inside a solid cast perforated metal frame with fixing elements passing through the openings in it and protruding above it for fixing artificial teeth located perpendicular to the surface of the cast metal plate, the shock-absorbing layer located between the cast metal plate and the soft base, while the artificial teeth are fixed with acrylic plastic cold or hot polymerization or various composite materials for the fixing elements on the cast metal plate, and the soft base of silicone overlaps the prosthetic bed along the borders of the prosthesis and is attached to a solid cast perforated metal frame with due to mechanical fastening and chemical bonds of the inner and outer layers of the soft silicone base through perforation in a one-piece perforated metal frame made in the form of a one-piece metal plate with a cross section of 0.3 mm or more, with holes from 1 mm in diameter uniformly applied over the entire plane of the frame moreover, the cast aluminum perforated metal frame repeats the configuration of the vestibular, oral and palatal surfaces of the silicone soft base, and the molded metal plate in filled with a cross section of 0.3 mm, a width of 2 mm and a length in accordance with the selected number of teeth to give them micromobility properties, and with metal locking elements for artificial teeth located perpendicular to the surface of the cast metal plate, cast together with the cast metal plate , as a single product, having a diameter of 1 mm, a height of 2 mm and located along the entire length and center of the solid metal plate, while the distance between the fixed with artificial teeth for metal fixing elements on a solid metal plate and a solid cast perforated metal frame is from 0.5 mm, and a metal plate with metal locking elements fits snugly on the inner surface of the solid cast perforated metal frame, and the shock-absorbing layer has a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm and is made of a soft material with a lower density than the silicone material for the manufacture of the prosthesis base, while being applied internally th solid metal plate surface facing a soft silicone base.

Images