RU2427280C2 - Method for freshly harvested fodder grain preservation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to technology of agricultural produce preservation. The method concept is as follows: freshly harvested fodder grain is mixed with a liquid preservative after crushing. Then moistened grain is delivered into a pneumatic duct where evaporation of the preservative from the grain surface and its aerosol mixture with the grain bulk being transported occur under the impact of an air flow during the grain transportation to the location of dispatch for storage.

EFFECT: method enables even distribution of added liquid preservative within the transported grain bulk in an air flow.

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Description

The proposed method relates to the technology of conservation of agricultural products, in particular freshly harvested feed grain after conditioning.

Known methods of preserving feed, which consists in the fact that a chemical preservative is added to the feed mass by spraying it with a nozzle [1]. However, this application of the preservative does not allow to obtain the necessary degree of uniformity of distribution of the preservative in the mixture.

There are also known methods of preserving feed, mainly feed grain, which consists in treating feed with vapors of preheated acid [2, 3].

Closest to the proposed method of preserving feed is a method of preserving feed by and.with. RU 2111677 C1, 05/27/1998, in which the feed is treated with ethyl acetate by spraying in bags or tanks containing grain.

The main disadvantage of these methods is the uneven distribution of the added preservative in the volume of loaded grain and the difficulty in processing the feed.

The proposed method allows to achieve an increased conservation effect by pre-wetting the feed with a preservative and its subsequent aerosol mixing during transportation of the feed in a stream of air flow to the place of laying for storage.

The proposed method is illustrated in the drawing, which shows one of the variants of the technological scheme of equipment for aerosol canning of freshly harvested feed grain.

The canning process is carried out in the following sequence. Agricultural products, for example, freshly harvested feed grain after flattening, are loaded with a mechanical conveyor into the storage hopper, the shutter is opened at the bottom of the hopper and the grain flows by gravity into a screw mixer, into which a liquid canning is fed from a special container to the mixer inlet based on the required dose, ensuring long-term feed storage. After preliminary mixing at the mixer outlet, the feed is taken by a mechanical conveyor and fed into the pneumatic transport installation hopper, pneumatic piping and then to the storage site, for example, in a silo trench.

In the process of transporting pre-wetted grain with a liquid preservative through a pneumatic pipe, the preservative evaporates from the feed surface and is aerosol mixed with the transported volume of grain in the air stream.

The scheme of equipment for aerosol canning of freshly harvested feed grain (see drawing) contains a loading mechanical conveyor 1, a storage hopper 2 with an adjustment flap 3, a container with a liquid preservative 4, a preliminary screw mixer 5, an intermediate mechanical conveyor 6, an installation of an injection pneumatic transport 7, a pneumatic pipeline 8 and a silo trench 9 for storing canned grain.

Example:

Agricultural products, freshly harvested feed grain after conditioning are loaded with a mechanical conveyor 1 into the storage hopper 2 (see drawing). Open the control valve 3 and the valve of the container 4 with a liquid preservative, the grain and preservative by gravity enter the preliminary screw mixer 5. The intermediate mechanical conveyor 6 and the pneumatic transport unit 7 are turned on, and the pre-moistened grain from the screw mixer enters the pneumatic conveying unit and then into the pneumatic pipe 8 where, under the action of the air flow, grain is transported to the silo trench 9 for storage. In the process of transporting the pre-wetted grain through a pneumatic pipe, the preservative evaporates from the feed surface and is aerosol mixed with an air stream with the transported grain volume.

Preservation of agricultural products, preferably freshly harvested feed grain, by the proposed method, allows you to evenly distribute the introduced liquid preservative in the amount of transported grain in the air stream.

Information sources

1. USSR copyright certificate No. 320969, cl. A23K 3/03, 1970.

2. USSR author's certificate on application No. 2491326/15, cl. A23K 3/00, 1977.

3. USSR copyright certificate No. 843928, cl. A23K 3/00, 1978.

4. Copyright certificate RU 2111677 C1, 05.27.1998.

Claims (1)

A method of preserving freshly harvested feed grain, comprising adding a preservative to the grain, characterized in that the freshly harvested feed grain is mixed with a liquid preservative after conditioning, then the moistened grain is sent to a pneumatic pipe, where the preservative evaporates under the influence of air flow during transportation of grain to the place of laying it for storage grain surfaces and its aerosol mixing with the transported volume of grain.