RU2424177C1 - Method of cargoes transfer by means of hoisting crane with crane to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to lifting cranes with crabs running on bridges or gantries. Crane comprises at least two crabs and device to transfer cargoes in grippers from one crab to another and is provided with mechanism to drive grippers along bridge. Articulated joint of bridge with supports and independent drives of each support allow turning said bridge about vertical axis relative to supports that, in its turn, allows arranging cargo crabs above cargo lifting and lowering pints at a time. Method of cargo transfer consists in performing jobs by different devices and making simultaneously next jobs.

EFFECT: possibility to simultaneously lift, carry and lower several cargoes.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to lifting devices, specifically to cranes with trolleys moving along bridges or portals.

Gantry cranes, gantry cranes, and other types are known (see “Crane Handbook” in 2 volumes, Moscow, “Mashinostroenie”, 1988) with the traditional method of moving goods. When using these cranes, the process of moving the cargo (after performing the load-gripping operation) includes: lifting using the lifting-lowering mechanism (winch) mounted on a cargo trolley; moving a cargo trolley with cargo along the bridge (or boom); if necessary, moving the crane or its individual parts; lowering of the load using the same mechanism of lifting-lowering the load with which the lifting was carried out.

Bridge cranes are also known (the same “Handbook of cranes”, volume 2, p. 92), which have several load-bearing (load-gripping) elements, but without transferring from one element that took the load to another, and they are usually used only for bulk cargo.

Closest to the proposed one is the construction of a gantry-type crane with two cargo trolleys (the same “Crane Handbook”, Volume 2, p. 91). Of course, the presence of a second cargo trolley contributes to a slight increase in crane performance, but the action of the second trolley is limited by the location of the first. At the same time, the process of moving cargo using each of the freight carts is performed without the participation of another (without transfer from one lifting mechanism to another), i.e. using the same traditional method of moving goods.

The aim of the present invention is to provide the ability to simultaneously lift, transport and lower several loads.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the lifting of the cargo is carried out by a lifting-lowering mechanism mounted on one cargo trolley, and lowering - by a similar lifting-lowering mechanism of the other cargo trolley. In this case, between the lifting and lowering operations, the transfer of cargo from one cargo trolley to another is additionally performed. According to such a process (method), the proposed crane design is equipped with a mechanism for transferring load gripping devices from one cargo truck to another with moving them along the guides along the bridge.

As a result, after lifting the cargo using the winch of the first cargo truck, this cargo together with the load gripping device moves to another truck for unloading, and the first truck, freed from the cargo, is able to lift the next cargo, which ensures conveyor transportation of goods. After unloading the gripping devices on the second trolley, they return to the first trolley using the same or similar transmission mechanism (moving along the bridge). The additional availability of the possibility of turning the bridge around a vertical axis relative to the supports of the crane allows the trucks to be placed simultaneously above the places of loading and unloading. And in the case of a two-bearing crane design, to achieve the same result, in addition to the articulated-movable connection of the supports with the bridge, each of these supports is equipped with an independent movement mechanism.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the proposed design of the crane with one rigid support (portal), figure 2 is a diagram of a similar crane on two, not rigidly connected, supports.

The crane supports 1 (or 1 and 2) are mounted on the undercarriage 3 (3.1, 3.2) to move the crane. A bridge is fixed to the supports with a pivotally-movable joint. Cargo trucks 5.1 and 5.2 are mounted on the bridge with the possibility of moving along it. The freight trolleys are equipped with mechanisms for moving along the bridge and lifting devices (winches) 6.1 and 6.2, to which, for example, by means of a quick-release mechanism, load-gripping devices 7 (7.1, 7.2, etc.) are attached alternately. For the transfer of load gripping devices with cargo (9.1, 9.2, etc.) along the bridge from one cargo trolley to another, and vice versa without cargo, there is a moving mechanism 8.

In the two-support structure (Fig. 2), the support 1 mounted on the running trolleys 3.1 has the ability to move along the crane path regardless of the movement of the support 2 on the trolleys 3.2.

The process of moving goods is as follows. Using the movement of the crane, the rotation of the bridge and the movement of the cargo trolley along the bridge, the cargo trolley 5.1 is installed over the transported cargo. Winch 6.1 lowers the load gripping device 7.1 onto the load and, after its capture, raises it up. Then this load gripping device with the load is mounted on the guides to move to the trolley 5.2, after which the connection of the load gripping device with the winch is opened. Further, this load gripping device (Fig. In position 7.2) with the cargo is transported along the bridge to the cargo truck 5.2 using the moving mechanism 8, which is located above the cargo installation site, and at the same time, the freed cargo truck 5.1 can capture and lift the next cargo using another lifting device. Lowering the load with the help of the load trolley 5.2 is carried out in the reverse order of lifting. After the cargo is installed in a given place, the freed up gripping device is transferred back to the cargo trolley 5.1 for lifting and moving the next cargo. Having several lifting devices (7.1, 7.2, etc.), the crane can simultaneously lift, transport and lower several loads (9.1, 9.2, 9.3, respectively).

The direction of movement of goods (from trolley 5.1 to trolley 5.2 or vice versa) may vary depending on the loading or unloading operations. The number of freight carts, if necessary, can be increased to 3 or more pieces; but in this case, the middle trolleys must pass cargo handled by the extreme cargo trolley.

The crane can be used to move various cargoes using the same lifting devices, such as container spreaders. Such a crane is especially relevant for the loading and unloading of container ships in connection with the increasingly widespread sea transportation of goods in containers and due to the strict regulation of the timing of loading and unloading operations in ports.

Claims (3)

1. A method of moving goods using a crane, including the operation of supplying the load gripping device to the load, securing the load in the load gripping device, raising, moving and lowering the load gripping device with the load and releasing the load gripping device from the load after its installation at a predetermined point, characterized in that , in order to ensure the possibility of simultaneously lifting, transporting and lowering several loads, lifting and lowering loads are carried out by different lifting in triples, and between the operations of lifting and lowering cargoes, an additional operation is performed to transfer them along the guides along the crane bridge from one lifting device to another, moreover, the execution of the above operations by different devices allows simultaneous work with the following cargoes with the same load previous operations. 2. A crane for implementing the method of moving goods according to claim 1, for example, a gantry type, comprising supports with movement mechanisms, a bridge, at least two cargo trolleys with mechanisms for moving them along the bridge and lifting and lowering mechanisms for loads installed in load handling devices, characterized in the fact that the crane is equipped with a mechanism for moving load gripping devices along the bridge for their transfer from one cargo trolley to another, and the connection of the bridge with the supports is articulated and movable, providing rotation tionary and forth motion of the bridge in a horizontal plane, which allows positioning trolleys simultaneously over points lifting and lowering. 3. The crane according to claim 2, characterized in that in the presence of two independent supports, each of them is equipped with an independent movement mechanism.

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