RU2422654C1 - Synchroniser of movement of armatures-pistons in opposite phase of free piston pump-generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps. ^ SUBSTANCE: synchroniser of movement of armatures-pistons in opposite phase of free piston pump-generator, which converts liquid flow energy to electric energy and electric energy to liquid flow energy, which includes control system, stator magnets, armatures-pistons, polarising coils of armatures-pistons, control valves of liquid flow; at that, movement synchronisation of armatures-pistons in opposite phase of pump-generator at difference of speed values of armatures-pistons of pump-generator is performed by decrease or interruption of current in one of polarising coils of armature-piston; for that purpose, at operation of pump-generator in generator mode the control system tracks the current speed values of each armature-piston and decreases or interrupts the current in polarising coil as per unbalance signal of speeds of armatures-pistons of that armature-piston the speed of which is less than speed of the other armature-piston, and at operation of pump-generator in pump mode the control system tracks the current speed value of each armature-piston and decreases or interrupts the current in polarising coil as per unbalanced signal of speeds of armatures-pistons of that armature-piston the speed of which is more than speed of the other armature-piston, and after armature-piston reaches the speed providing synchronous movement of armatures-pistons in opposite phase, the control system restores the circuit of polarising coil of armature-piston. ^ EFFECT: synchronous movement of armatures-pistons in opposite phase. ^ 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to power engineering.

BACKGROUND

The closest prototype of the invention is “Hydraulic method for synchronizing the movement of pistons of a free piston internal combustion engine”, patent No. 2324829.

The main nodes that ensure the synchronization of the pistons of a free piston internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as the energy module): a generator pump 1 (Fig. 1) with an armature 2, fluid flow control valves 3 (hereinafter referred to as valves) and two internal combustion engines 4 (right and left ) Before starting the energy module, the armature 2 is in the right extreme position. The left valve 3 is in the upper position, and the right one is in the lower position. The pistons of the right engine 5 are at the points of maximum convergence, the pistons of the left engine are at the points of maximum divergence, the air intake valves 6 of the right engine and exhaust exhaust 7 are closed, and the valves of the compressors 8 are closed. All parts of the left engine are in the opposite position.

When starting the energy module, the control system (not shown) by the nozzle 9 delivers fuel to the combustion chamber of the right engine. One way the fuel ignites and expanding combustion products dilute its pistons. The pistons of the compressor 10 are connected to the engine pistons and compress the air in its cavities and the cylinders of the engine 4. The plungers 11 push the liquid through the pump generator 1, from where the liquid enters the cavity of the plungers of the left engine, and its pistons begin to move in the opposite direction. Through the opened valves of the compressor 8 in the cavity of the compressors 10, air is drawn in from the atmosphere, the air inlet valves 6 and the exhaust valves are closed. When forcing fluid through the pump generator 1, its armature 2 begins to move from right to left. The poles of the armature 2 move between the poles of the stator magnets (permanent magnets) 12 and 13. In this case, an alternating magnetic flux occurs in the body of the armature 2, as a result of which an electric pulse is generated in the armature coil 14. When the anchor 2 reaches the left extreme position, the control system transfers the valves 3 to the opposite position and the fluid from the cavity of the plunger 11 of the right engine begins to flow into the left armature 2. The armature 2 moves from left to right, and an opposite impulse is generated in the armature coil 14. The control system informs the armature of the oscillatory movement until the plungers and pistons of both engines reach opposite extreme points. At this point, the injector control system 9 supplies fuel to the combustion chamber of the left engine and ignites it. Thus, the duty cycle of one engine initiates the duty cycle of another.

The use of two pistons with opposed motion in free piston machines is explained by the need to exclude the influence of reaction forces from the movement of the pistons. One of the conditions for the operation of such machines is the synchronous movement of the pistons in antiphase throughout their path. It is impossible to make a cylinder and pistons of a machine of absolutely regular geometric shape, and pistons are also equal in weight. It is also impossible to ensure the equality of the friction forces in the piston-cylinder pairs throughout the entire working cycle. In addition, other factors influence the law of piston motion - unpredictable movement of the machine in space, rotation of the earth, etc.

The movement of the pistons of the energy module is synchronized by the control system using synchronization valves 15. The control system monitors the current speed of each piston and, based on the piston speed misalignment signal, sends a command to the corresponding synchronization valve. So, if the speed of the upper piston of the right engine is less than the speed of the lower, the control system puts the synchronization valve 15 of the lower cylinder of the right engine in a partially or completely closed position. The dynamic resistance to fluid movement in the pipeline increases, and the speed of its piston decreases. After equalizing the speeds of the pistons, the synchronization valve 15 returns to its original position.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to provide synchronized movement of the pistons of the pump generator in antiphase. Pump-generator - a machine that converts the energy of a fluid flow into electricity and electricity into the energy of a fluid flow - application for a patent for the invention "Pump-generator with opposite movement of the armature-pistons", No. 2009115041, filing date 04/20/2009. The invention is illustrated by the description of the load method of synchronizing the movement of its pistons. Anchor-piston (hereinafter referred to as the anchor) is a unit that combines the functions of the armature of a linear electric generator and the piston of a machine.

The composition of the pump generator (Figure 2) includes stator (permanent) magnets 1, 2, anchors 3, 4, magnetization coils of anchors 5, 6, control valves 7, 8, channels 9.13, pipelines 10, 11, 12, 14, 15 and the control system.

When the pump generator is in the generator mode, the working fluid is pressurized from the power source (for example, from the hydraulic pump of the vehicle’s wheel drive of the vehicle’s braking energy recovery system) through channel 9, through the fluid flow control valve 7 (hereinafter referred to as the distribution valve), through pipeline 10 into the left end cavity of the anchor 3, and through the pipe 11 into the right cavity of the anchor 4. The anchors begin oncoming movement and squeeze the liquid from the right end cavity of the anchor 3 and the left end cavity of the anchor 4. Liquid from of these cavities through the pipeline 12, through the control valve 8 and through the channel 13 returns to the power source. Anchors 3, 4 are made of soft magnetic material. When the ends of the anchors 3, 4 move in magnetic fields in the gaps of the stator magnets 1, 2 in the bodies of the anchors 3, 4, alternating magnetic fluxes are generated that generate electric power pulses in the magnetization coils of the anchors 5, 6. When the anchors reach the extreme points of convergence, the control system puts the control valves 7, 8 in opposite positions. The liquid from the source through channel 9, through the control valve 7 and pipelines 14, 12, begins to flow into the right end cavity of the armature 3 and the left end cavity of the armature 4, and from the left end cavity of the armature 3, through pipe 10 and from the right end cavity of the armature 4 the pipeline 11 and 15, through the control valve 8 and through the channel 13 returns to the power source. The anchors change the direction of motion and electrical impulses of the opposite sign are generated in the magnetization coils 5, 6. Subsequently, the control system continues to change the position of the control valves 7, 8 and the anchors 3, 4 make oscillatory movements, as a result of which alternating electrical oscillations are generated in the magnetization coils of the anchors 5, 6, the energy of which is supplied to the consumer.

When the pump generator is in pump mode, the control system supplies alternating pulses of electricity to the magnetization coils of the anchors 5, 6, as a result of which the corresponding magnetic poles appear at the ends of the anchors 3, 4. If their position at a single impulse is as shown in the drawing, then the left end of the armature 3 with the north magnetic pole is pushed out from the left annular gap of the stator magnet 1, and its right end with the south magnetic pole is pulled into the left annular gap of the stator magnet 2. Similarly the armature 4 interacts with the annular gaps of the stator magnets 1, 2. At the same time, from the right cavity of the armature 3 and the left cavity of the armature 4 through pipelines 12, 14, through the control valve 8 and channel 13, the liquid enters the consumer (for example er, to the hydraulic motor), and along channel 9, the control valve 8 and pipelines 10, 11 return from the consumer to the left end cavity of the armature 3 and the right end cavity of the armature 4. When the anchors reach the extreme points of convergence, the control system changes the position of valves 7, 8 to the opposite and the direction of the current in the magnetization coils 5, 6, and the liquid continues to flow to the consumer through channel 13 and returns from it through channel 9. Thus, the opposite nature of the movement of the anchors neutralizes the reaction forces from the movement of the pistons on the body pump generator.

Just like the pump-generator power module discussed above, for the same reasons, it requires a piston synchronization system in antiphase. Such a system operates as follows.

When the pump-generator is in generator mode, the control system monitors the current value of the speeds of both pistons of the pump-generator, and interrupts or stops the current through the magnetization coil of the armature whose speed is less than the speed of the other armature by the piston speed misalignment signal. If, for example, the speed of the armature 3 is less than the speed of the armature 4, the control system breaks the circuit of the excitation coil of the armature 5. As a result of the disappearance of the magnetic flux in the body of the armature 3, the ends of the armature 3 with the stationary magnets 1, 2 stop, and the speed of the armature 3 increases. At a time when the speeds of both pistons become equal, the control system restores the circuit of the excitation coil 5. Similarly, the control system operates in the case where the speed of the armature 4 is less than the speed of the armature 3.

When the pump generator is in pump mode, the control system interrupts or stops the current in the magnetization coil of the armature whose speed is greater than the speed of the other armature by a mismatch signal. If, for example, the speed of the same armature 3 is greater than the speed of the armature 4, the control system interrupts the magnetization coil circuit of the armature 5. The magnetic flux in the body of the armature 5 disappears and the electromagnetic forces moving the armature 3 also disappear, the speed of the armature 3 decreases. It should be noted that the restoration of the armature magnetization coil circuit must occur with a certain delay after the piston speeds have been equalized so that their velocities are equalized when the pistons are at the extreme points of convergence or divergence. In other words, the restoration of the circuit of the magnetizing coil of the armature should occur at a moment that provides synchronous movement of the armature in antiphase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Anchor-piston motion synchronizer in antiphase of a free-piston pump generator, which converts the energy of the fluid flow into electricity and electric power into the energy of the fluid flow, including the control system, stator magnets, anchor-pistons, magnetization coils of the armature-pistons, fluid flow control valves, different the fact that the synchronization of the movement of the pistons in antiphase of the pump generator is carried out when a difference in the values of the speeds of the pistons of the pump generator occurs when the current decreases or one of the coils of the magnetization of the armature, for this, when the pump generator is in generator mode, the control system monitors the current values of the speeds of each armature-piston and, by the signal of the speed misalignment of the armature-pistons, reduces or interrupts the current in the magnetization coil of that armature-piston, the speed of which is less the speed of the other armature, and when the pump generator is in pump mode, the control system monitors the current values of the speeds of each armature-piston and the armature speed mismatch signal b-pistons reduces or interrupts the current in the magnetization coil of that armature, the speed of which is greater than the speed of the other armature-piston, and after the armature-piston reaches a speed that provides synchronous movement of the armature-pistons in antiphase, the control system restores the circuit of the magnetization coil of the armature-piston.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention is applicable to machines in which electricity is converted into energy of a fluid flow and, conversely, energy of a flow of a working fluid is converted into electricity. A scope - machine tool industry and automotive industry. The pump-generator eliminates the need to use gear change mechanisms, allows you to recover the braking energy of moving machine parts, car braking, etc. The requirements for technology and materials do not go beyond modern capabilities.

GRAPHIC MATERIAL

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of a free piston internal combustion engine.

1 - pump-generator, 2 - anchors, 3 - fluid flow control valves, 4 - internal combustion engines, 5 - engine piston, 6 - air intake valve, 7 - exhaust gas valve, 8 - compressor valve, 9 - nozzle, 10 - compressor pistons, 11 - plunger, 12, 13 - stator magnets, 14 - armature magnetization coil, 15 - synchronization valve.

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of a pump generator with the opposite movement of the armature pistons in antiphase.

1, 2 - stator magnets, 3, 4 - armature pistons, 5, 6 - magnetization coils of armature pistons, 7, 8 - fluid flow control valves, 9, 13 - fluid inlet and outlet channels, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15 - pipelines.

Claims (1)

Anchor-piston motion synchronizer in antiphase of a free-piston pump-generator, which converts the energy of the fluid flow into electricity and electric power into the energy of the fluid flow, including the control system, stator magnets, anchor-pistons, magnetization coils of the anchor-pistons, fluid flow control valves, characterized in that the synchronization of the movement of the armature-pistons in antiphase of the pump-generator when a difference in the values of the speeds of the armature-pistons of the pump-generator occurs by reducing or interrupting the current in one of the magnetization coils of the armature-piston, for this, when the pump generator is in generator mode, the control system monitors the current value of the velocity values of each armature-piston and, by the signal of the speed mismatch of the armature-pistons, reduces or interrupts the current in the magnetization coil of that armature a piston whose speed is less than the speed of another armature-piston, and when the pump-generator is in pump mode, the control system monitors the current values of the speeds of each armature-piston and according to the signal Dropping the speed of the armature piston reduces or interrupts the current in the magnetization coil of that armature piston, the speed of which is greater than the speed of the other armature piston, and after the armature piston reaches a speed that provides synchronous movement of the armature pistons in antiphase, the control system restores the armature magnetization coil circuit piston.

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