RU2550228C2 - Ac generator with external combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to engine-generator systems. Proposed generator comprises cylinder, working piston, refrigerator and heater as well as circular winding on said cylinder. Said cylinder is divided by displacement piston to cold and hot chamber. Said working piston slides in cold chamber. Refrigerator, generator and heater are arranged in series to communicate said cold and hot chambers. Working piston is rigidly coupled piston made of magnetic material. Winding cores feature double-tee cross-section. Ring magnets facing each other by unlike poles are arranged on both sides of said cores. Piston rod has circular grooves filled with nonmagnetic material. Piston position transducer is fitted on cylinder nearby displacement piston connected in series via microprocessor with control valve on pipeline nearby heater and cold chamber.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to engine-generator systems, and can be used in the design and manufacture of alternating electric current sources.

Known engine-generator system of alternating electric current [Atkins B. General theory of electronic machines. Per. from English I.V. Antaka. State Energy Publishing House. M.-L., 1960. 272 pp.], In which the armature rotates in order to excite the emf in the power windings of the stator. Often in this system, an internal combustion engine is used as an engine [World Marine Diesel Engineering. Design constructs, analysis of international experience: Textbook. allowance / G.A. Konks, V.A. Loshko. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 2005. 512 S.].

The disadvantage of this system is the difficulty of converting using the crank mechanism of the reciprocating movement of the engine pistons into the rotational movement of the crankshaft connected to the generator armature.

Closest to the proposed is a thermal energy to electric converter with a Stirling engine [Walker G. Stirling engines. M .: Mechanical Engineering., 1985, p. 215-217, Fig. 9.13]. The specified Converter contains a sealed cylinder with a working piston from a permanent magnet, a displacement piston and a working medium, field windings, a heater, a regenerator, a refrigerator and functional elements necessary for the operation of the Converter.

The disadvantages of this device are the low reliability of the working piston made of magnetic material and the low efficiency of the converter due to the lack of controls for the parameters of the system and its functional internal and external connections that convert thermal energy into electrical energy.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the Converter of thermal energy into electrical energy.

This goal is achieved by the fact that an electric alternator (EGPT) with a Stirling engine, comprising a cylinder shared by a movable displacement piston into a cold and hot cavity, a working piston movably mounted in a cold cavity, a refrigerator, a regenerator and a heater in series and connecting the cold and hot cavities, as well as an annular electric winding on the cylinder, characterized in that the working piston is rigidly connected to a rod made of magnetic material, a core ki of the electric winding have an I-section, on both sides of the cores, ring magnets are located along the axis of the rod, facing each other with opposite poles, ring grooves filled with non-magnetic material are made on the piston rod, and a piston position sensor is installed on the cylinder at the displacement piston, sequentially electrically connected through a microprocessor to a control valve in the pipeline between the heater and the cold cavity. An alloy of neodymium-iron-boron was used as the material of ring magnets. The length of the slots of the I-beam cores of the electric winding is equal to the length of the grooves of the piston rod and the thickness of the ring magnets, and the thickness of the shelves of the cores of the electric winding is equal to the thickness of the protrusions of the piston rod, while the slots of the ring cores of the electric winding at the piston rod are filled with non-magnetic material.

An EGPT with a Stirling engine is characterized in that a neodymium-iron-boron alloy is used as the material of the ring magnets.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of EGPT with a Stirling engine, figure 2 is a section view A.

EGPT includes a cylinder 1, divided by a movable displacement piston 2 into a cold cavity 3 and a hot cavity 4, a working piston 5, movably mounted in a cold cavity 3, a heater 6, a regenerator 7 and a refrigerator 8, sequentially located and connecting the hot cavity 4 and the cold cavity 3 EGPT also has an annular electric winding 9 on the cylinder 1.

According to the invention, the working piston 5 is rigidly connected to the rod 10 made of magnetic material. The annular cores 11 (FIG. 2) of the electric winding 9 have an I-section, on both sides of the cores 11 along the axis of the rod 10 are ring magnets 12 facing each other with opposite poles, ring grooves 13 filled with non-magnetic material are made on the rod 10. On the cylinder 1 at the displacement piston 2, a piston position sensor 14 is installed (Fig. 1), electrically connected in series via a microprocessor 15 with an adjustment valve 16 on the pipeline between the refrigerator 8 and the cold cavity 3. The slots of the ring cores 11 and the rod 10 have ring inserts 17, respectively and 13 (FIG. 2) made of non-magnetic material.

The annular cores 11 have slots of length “h” and shelves of thickness “K”. The length of the annular grooves 13 on the stem 10 is "H". The thickness of the ring magnets 12 is “c”. The length of the slots “h” of the ring I-beams 11 is equal to the length of the grooves “H” of the rod 10 and the thickness “c” of the ring magnets 12, and the thickness of the shelves “k” of the ring cores 15 corresponds to the thickness of the protrusions “m” of the rod 10.

EGPT with a Stirling engine works as follows. Under the action of the drive mechanism (not shown) in the cylinder 1 moves the working piston 5 and the displacement piston 2 with a phase shift relative to each other. With a sharp (fast) movement of the working piston 5 from the BDC to the TDC and the slowed-down movement of the displacement piston 2 in the same direction, the process of compression of the working fluid located in the cold cavity 3 of cylinder 1 occurs.

Then, the process of supplying heat to the working fluid takes place. In this case, the working piston 5 performs a slow motion, approaching its top dead center (TDC), and the displacement piston 2 makes a rapid movement to its bottom dead center (BDC). Due to this, the working fluid moves from the cold cavity 3 through the refrigerator 8, the regenerator 7, the heater 6 into the hot cavity 4 of the cylinder 1. In this case, the working fluid in the heater 6 is intensively heated. Excessive pressure of the working fluid acts on the working piston 5, which intensively moves to its BDC. At the same time, the expansion stroke-working stroke is performed.

Then the displacement piston 2 quickly moves to its TDC. Due to this, the working fluid moves from the hot cavity 4 through the heater 6, the regenerator 7 and the refrigerator 8 into the cold cavity 3. In this case, the working fluid is cooled to the initial temperature. The system returns to its original state, and the cycle repeats.

When the working piston 5 moves from BDC to BDC, idling occurs and from BDC to BDC the stroke. Due to this movement, the magnetic fluxes of the ring magnets 12 and the ring cores 11 (FIG. 2) generate an EMF in the electrical winding 9, which is removed from the electrical connectors (not indicated in FIG. 1). EMF generation occurs at that time when the protrusions “m” of the rod 10 are located near the shelves “k” of the ring cores 11 (in Fig. 2, the magnetic lines of force are shown by a dotted line).

To regulate the working positions of the pistons on the cylinder 1, the position of the displacement piston 2 is determined using the sensor 14 (capacitive, magnetic, etc.). The resulting signal is fed to the input of the microprocessor 15, where it is compared with the set value, and then the corresponding signal is supplied to the control valve 16, which regulates the amount of working fluid in the cold cavity 3. This provides optimal output characteristics of the converter of thermal energy into electrical energy.

For reliable sealing, the rod 10 is cylindrical with the filling of the annular grooves 13 with a non-magnetic material, for example, an aluminum alloy.

As the material of the ring magnets 12, a neodymium-iron-boron alloy having high magnetic properties can be used. The presence of ring magnets 12, covering the rod 10, will improve the reliability of the seal between the rod 10 and the cylinder 1 using magnetic lubrication.

To increase the reliability of the annular electric winding 9 (Fig. 1), the slots of the annular cores 11 at the rod 10 have annular inserts 17 (Fig. 2) made of a non-magnetic material, for example, from an aluminum alloy.

Claims (4)

1. An electric alternator with a Stirling engine, comprising a cylinder shared by a movable displacement piston into a cold and hot cavity, a working piston movably mounted in a cold cavity, a refrigerator, a regenerator and a heater, sequentially located and connecting the cold and hot cavities, as well as an annular an electric winding on the cylinder, characterized in that the working piston is rigidly connected to a rod made of magnetic material, the cores of the electric winding have an I-beam cross-section, ring magnets are located on both sides of the cores along the axis of the rod, facing each other with opposite poles, ring grooves are filled on the piston rod, filled with non-magnetic material, and a piston position sensor is installed on the cylinder at the displacement piston, electrically connected through the microprocessor to the adjustment a valve in the pipe between the heater and the cold cavity. 2. An electric alternator with a Stirling engine according to claim 1, characterized in that a neodymium-iron-boron alloy is used as the material of the ring magnets. 3. An electric alternator with a Stirling engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lengths of the slots of the I-beams of the electric winding are equal to the length of the grooves of the piston rod and the thickness of the ring magnets, and the thickness of the shelves of the cores of the electric winding is equal to the thickness of the protrusions of the piston rod. 4. An electric alternator with a Stirling engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the slots of the annular cores of the electric winding at the piston rod are filled with non-magnetic material.

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