RU2422177C1 - Explosive and toxic gas disposal and elimination system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting means. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to mechanical engineering, and designed to be used in process environment for atmospheric emission of combustible gases, or in inter-equipment and interplant communications. The explosive and toxic gas disposal and elimination system comprises gas storage holders, a flare stack and a gas-main pipeline one end of which is connected to an explosive and toxic gas intake unit, and other end is connected to the flare stack. The explosive and toxic gas intake unit includes three parallel gas vent assemblies releasing to the gas-main pipeline: a safety valve, a blowing gas vent unit and a processing station gas vent unit. The gas storage holders are connected through an automatic control system unit to compressors. The gas-main pipeline through a condensate separator is connected to a condensate line which through the separators is connected to a gas supply line for feeding to a fuel network by compressors through the gas pipeline for feeding to the flare stack through a flame arrester. ^ EFFECT: invention provides more effective fire suppression. ^ 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and is intended to be installed on technological equipment for the emission of combustible gases into the atmosphere or on inter-equipment and inter-workshop communications.

A known system for discharging and eliminating explosive and toxic gases (AS USSR No. 5888986, prototype), containing gas holders and a flare pipe.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the relatively low efficiency of flame suppression.

EFFECT: increased flame suppression efficiency.

This is achieved by the fact that in the system for discharging and eliminating explosive and toxic gases containing gas holders and a flare pipe, an additional gas main line is also provided, one end of which is connected to an explosive and toxic gas supply unit, including at least three parallel discharge gas to the gas line of the unit: safety valve; gas vent device for purging devices; a gas discharge device from technological installations, and the other end of the main gas pipeline is connected to the flare pipe, while gas is supplied to gas holders through the main gas pipeline connected through an automatic control unit with compressors pumping gas into the fuel network, and the gas main through a separator for condensate separation is connected to the condensate line, which through the separators is connected to the gas supply line to the fuel network through compressors through the pipeline for supplying gas to the flare pipe through the flame arrester.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for discharging and eliminating explosive and toxic gases, figure 2 shows a General view of the flame arrester.

The system for discharging and eliminating explosive and toxic gases (Fig. 1) includes a line of the main gas pipeline I, one end of which is connected to the unit for the supply of explosive and toxic gases, including at least three parallel gas discharges into the gas main line of the unit : safety valve 1; gas discharge device 2 for purging apparatuses; a device 3 for discharging gas from technological installations, and the other end with a flare pipe 7. Through the main gas pipeline I, gas enters gas holders 5 connected through an automatic control system unit (not shown in the drawing) to compressors 10 pumping gas into the fuel network II .

The gas main line I through the separator 4 for separating condensate is connected to the condensate line III, which through the separators 9 is connected to the gas supply line II to the fuel network by means of compressors 10 through the pipe 8 for supplying gas to the flare pipe 7 through the flame arrester 6.

The system of discharge and elimination of explosive and toxic gases works as follows.

When carrying out many technological processes, it is necessary to remove from the apparatus, as well as to discharge gases, often explosive and toxic gases, through safety valves. Gases removed from the process are either emitted into the atmosphere through air ducts (exhaust risers), or sent to the flare system for combustion. Through the air, small amounts of gases are removed that cannot cause significant atmospheric pollution. The gases discharged through the safety valves 1, as well as from the purge lines 2 and technological units 3, enter the main gas pipeline I, into which the gases are discharged from other workshops and installations. In the separator 4, included in the main gas pipeline, the gas is freed from the condensate sent for processing through line III.

Gas enters the gas holders 5; when they are overflowed with an automatically operating system, compressors 10 are pumped into operation, pumping gas into the fuel network II. If the compressors are unable to pump out the excess gas, this gas is sent to the flare for combustion. Part of the fuel gas is constantly supplied to the flare for burning, in order to prevent the flare of the flare from breaking off or air leaking into the system and the formation of explosive atmosphere inside it.

Air vents for emission of gases into the atmosphere must have a height of not less than 30 m and be equipped with anti-freeze protection devices. The placement of air ducts in relation to the places of air intake for ventilation systems, door and window openings, roads and other devices is regulated.

The flare system is designed to burn relatively large quantities of discharged combustible gases and vapors; emergency discharges from safety valves or other devices installed on devices and tanks; product discharges from individual apparatuses or apparatus systems before steaming, purging, repairing, etc.

It is not allowed to send products prone to decomposition with the release of heat, oxidizing agents, air and inert gas, polymerizable products and products capable of reacting with other substances that can be sent to the flare system; purge gases if the content of combustible gas in them exceeds 50% of its lower ignition limit.

To ensure continuous burning of the torch, next to it provide a constantly burning "beacon", lighting the torch. An electric valve, actuated by the inclusion of an electric current, is also used. For smokeless burning of gas, water vapor is applied to the upper part of the flare barrel.

Thus, when a flare system is installed, discharged gases are stored for production and only a relatively small amount of them are flared. At the same time, the surrounding atmosphere is not polluted.

Flame retardant (figure 2) consists of a housing made of two symmetrical about the axis passing through the middle of the flame retardant element 19, halves, pulled together by four studs 20.

Each of the halves of the casing is made in the form of two flanges 11 and 13, 15 and 18, rigidly interconnected by a shell having the shape of a truncated cone 14 and 17, with the apex of the cone directed towards the connecting flanges 11 and 15, with a nominal pass DN less than at the location of the flame retardant element 19. Each of the halves of the body is symmetrical about the axis of the shells 14 and 17.

In the connecting flanges 11 and 15 there are mounting holes 12 and 16 with a diameter of d in an amount of not less than four, and in the flanges 13 and 18 that tighten the flame retardant element, 19 holes are also made for fasteners in the form of studs, and the studs are installed by means of elastic bushings 22 and 23 of vibration damping material.

The flame retardant element 19 is made in the form of a cartridge and consists of flat and corrugated tapes wound on an axis, which also protects the flame retardant element from falling out.

Flame retardant operates as follows.

The principle of operation of the flame arrester is based on the flame retention by the cartridge 9, located inside the two halves of the housing 14 and 17. The cartridge consists of a package of alternating corrugated and flat plates forming small diameter channels. The flame, falling into the channels of small cross section, is crushed into individual shallow streams. The contact surface of the flame with the flame arrester increases, the heat transfer to the walls of the channels increases, and the flame goes out. The design of the fire arrester is collapsible, which allows you to periodically remove the cartridge for inspection and monitoring of their condition.

The flame arrester is installed between the vertical tank and the safety or breathing valve. The flame arrester is designed to protect the vertical tank from the penetration of fire (flame or spark) into the gas space through the breathing valves (ventilation pipes or safety valves), thereby protecting the oil from flash or explosion.

The extinguishing action of the fire arrester mounted on the roof of the tank is based on the principles of intense heat exchange that occurs between the walls of the narrow channels of the fire retardant element 9 and the gas-air flow passing through it. This achieves a reduction in the temperature of the gas flow to safe limits.

Specifications:

Nominal diameter, DN 50 ÷ 500 mm.

Throughput with air flow resistance 118 Pa 100 ÷ 2950 m ³ / h

Overall dimensions, mm

D 160 ÷ 858 N 172 ÷ 440

Mounting Dimensions, mm

D 141 ÷ 640 D1 110 ÷ 600 d 14 ÷ 22

Claims (2)

1. A system for discharging and eliminating explosive and toxic gases, containing gas holders and a flare pipe, characterized in that it further comprises a main gas pipeline line, one end of which is connected to an explosive and toxic gas supply unit, including at least three parallel discharge gas to the gas line of the unit: safety valve; gas vent device for purging devices; a gas discharge device from technological installations, and the other end of the main gas pipeline is connected to the flare pipe, while gas is supplied to gas holders through the main gas pipeline connected through an automatic control unit with compressors pumping gas into the fuel network, and the gas main through a separator for condensate separation is connected to the condensate line, which through the separators is connected to the gas supply line to the fuel network through compressors through the pipeline for supplying gas to the flare pipe through the flame arrester. 2. The system for discharging and eliminating explosive and toxic gases according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the flame arrester is made of two symmetrical relative to the axis passing through the middle of the flame retardant element, halves pulled together by four studs, each of the halves of the body made in the form two flanges rigidly connected to each other by a truncated cone-shaped shell, the apex of the cone being directed towards the connecting flanges having a conditional passage Du smaller than at the the location of the fire-retarding element, each of the halves of the body being symmetrical about the axis of the shells, and the connecting flanges have mounting holes with a diameter d in an amount of at least four, and the flanges tightening the fire-retarding element also have holes for fasteners in the form of studs, the studs are installed by means of elastic bushings of vibration-damping material, and the fire-retardant element is made in the form of a cartridge and consists of flat and corrugated tapes wound around an axis oraya also prevents ognepregrazhdayuschy element from falling out.