RU2411970C1 - Method to extinguish fire in room - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-prevention facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire extinguishing and may be used to extinguish fire in premises, in particular, in premises of warehousing type. To increase efficiency of fire extinguishing due to short period of time for preparation for extinguishing even in largely smoke-filled room, drop effect of fire-extinguishing substance at fire source and simultaneous cooling of roof, if fire source occurs in room with racks, using mechanism of horizontal and vertical homing of nozzle, located in focus F, jet from nozzle is sent to reflector. Polar axis of jet is matched with vertical line, which connects source with reflector. At the same time jet is broken against reflector into drops, which are used to spray source from top and extinguish fire.

EFFECT: in process of extinguishing, simultaneously roof is cooled by jet and water fog, which is produced when jet is broken.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire extinguishing and can be used to extinguish a fire in a building, in particular in a warehouse type building.

A known method of supplying water when fighting a fire in a room, including placing in a room a distribution system of pipelines and subsequent supply of water through it to sprinkler and deluge installations [1].

The disadvantages of this method are:

- relatively high costs for the installation of piping and installations;

- loss of usable space associated with the allocation of the required area for the installation;

- the impossibility of using water fire extinguishing installations in unheated rooms, since, for example, water supply through chilled thin pipes of the distribution system will lead either to its freezing in them or to narrowing their cross-section, which will significantly reduce the amount of water supplied to the fire source;

- pressure loss in pipelines, requiring the use of powerful sources of water supply.

The prototype is a fire extinguishing method, including the supply of a fire-extinguishing composition jet stream moving in horizontal and vertical planes to a fire source [2].

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the difficulty of delivering the extinguishing agent (especially over a long distance) to the fire in the premises filled to the top with products, for example, in warehouses;

- the impossibility of supplying the extinguishing agent with drops to the fire, which reduces the efficiency of the fire.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of extinguishing a fire in a room due to the short preparation time to extinguish even in a very smoky room, the drip effect of a fire extinguishing agent on a fire, and at the same time cooling the roof.

The problem is solved in that in a method of extinguishing a fire in a room, including supplying a fire-extinguishing composition jet barrel moved in horizontal and vertical planes to a fire source, a reflector having a parabolic surface with a barrel in focus is placed over the fire, a polar jet is directed to the reflector whose axis is combined with the vertical connecting the focus to the reflector.

By means of a reflector, the jet is broken into droplets. The reflector is made in the form of the roof of the room. The reflector is made with holes. In the vertical plane, the axis of the barrel is set to the horizontal at an angle α, which is calculated by the formula

,

,

where x is the shortest distance from the source to the vertical passing through the focus of the reflector, m; f is the distance from the top of the arch formed by the reflectors to the focus, m

The invention is reflected in the operations:

- a reflector having a parabolic shape is placed above the focus, the barrel is in focus, a jet is directed to the reflector, the polar axis of which is aligned with the vertical connecting the focus to the reflector;

- by means of a reflector break the stream into drops;

- the reflector is in the form of a roof of the room;

- the reflector is performed with holes;

- in the vertical plane, the axis of the barrel is set to the horizontal at an angle α, which is calculated according to the above formula.

Placing a reflector having a parabolic surface over the focus, establishing a barrel in its focus, directing a jet at the reflector, the polar axis of which is aligned with the vertical connecting the focus to the reflector, increases the extinguishing efficiency by quickly delivering the extinguishing agent to any location. This is achieved by reflecting the jet in the vertical direction, due to which the fire center is extinguished from above. In this case, no distribution pipes are required, there is no pressure loss, and the installation itself takes up very little space, being located on the fire hydrant.

Splitting the jet into droplets by means of a reflector increases the quenching efficiency, firstly, because a sufficiently large area is irrigated with a relatively small reflector and a thin jet. Secondly, evaporating droplets take away a lot of heat and lower the temperature in the combustion zone, and the water vapor generated in this case prevents air from entering the fire source.

The design of the reflector in the form of a roof of the room increases the efficiency of extinguishing due to the fact that the products of combustion rushing upwards heat the roof (as a result of which it can catch fire or collapse), and the water entering it cools, which is especially important in rooms with low ceilings.

In addition, simplifies the design that implements the method.

The implementation of the reflector with holes increases the extinguishing efficiency in the case when the reflector is located separately from the roof. At the same time, part of the water stream penetrates through the holes and turns into water fog, which envelops the roof and prevents its overheating. It should be noted that since the jet hits at an angle to the axes of some holes, i.e. hits the inner planes of the holes, located at different angles and being additional numerous planes that break the jet, the jet breaks even more efficiently. Installation in the vertical plane of the axis of the barrel to the horizontal at an angle α allows, in case of severe smoke in the room, to aim the barrel at the fire site, for example, on an angular scale, i.e. almost blind, which increases the efficiency of fire extinguishing.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a device for extinguishing a fire in a room with a paraboloid-shaped roof. Figure 2 shows a device for extinguishing a fire in a room with a gable roof. Figure 3 shows a fragment of the reflector.

The device comprises a highway 1 for supplying through the barrel 2, placed on the mechanism 3 of horizontal and vertical guidance, extinguishing agent, such as water, in the form of a jet 4 to the reflector 5, made integral with the roof of the room 6 with racks 7, one of which has a focus 8 fire. The jet 4 flowing out from the barrel mounted reflector 5 in focus F and the jet 4 whose polar axis 9 is aligned with the vertical 10 connecting the fire source with the reflector breaks into droplets about it 11. It is possible to install a line on the fire hydrant. The mechanism 3 in a room with a gable roof 12 can be mounted on a beam 13 with the possibility of movement along it, highway 1 is flexible, for example, in the form of a fire hose (not shown in the drawing), and a reflector with holes 14. Reflectors form a vault with apex A .

The method is implemented as follows.

When a fire source 8 occurs by means of a mechanism 3 and a barrel 2 located in focus F, a jet 4 is directed onto the reflector 5, the polar axis 9 of which is aligned with the vertical 10 (Fig. 1). At the same time, the jet is split on the reflector into drops 11, which irrigate the center from above and extinguish the fire. In the process of extinguishing, the roof is simultaneously cooled by a jet and water fog, which is obtained by breaking the jet.

If the room 6 has a gable roof 12, then in case of fire, move the barrel 2 along the beam 13 to the fire, and then through the mechanism 3 direct a stream of water to the reflector 5, which is performed with holes 14 for better cooling of the roof (figure 2, 3) .

With a large smokiness of the premises, the trunk is deployed in a horizontal plane to the fire source and installed in a vertical plane so that the axis of the barrel with the horizontal is angle α, which is calculated according to the above formula.

The implementation of the invention will effectively extinguish a fire in a warehouse type with simple fire equipment, which practically does not take up space in the room and does not require large capital costs for installation.

Information sources

1. Yu.Polyarin. Fire extinguishing measures. / Warehouse and equipment, 12, 2005 - analogue.

2. Pat. RF №2132213, IPC A62C 27/09, A68C, 1999 - prototype.

Claims (5)

1. A method of extinguishing a fire in a room, comprising supplying a jet of fire extinguishing composition with a barrel of fire extinguishing agent displaced in horizontal and vertical planes, characterized in that a reflector having a parabolic shape in the focus of which the barrel is mounted is placed over the ignition center, a jet is directed to the reflector, the polar axis of which is combined with the vertical connecting the focus to the reflector. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that by means of a reflector the jet is broken into drops. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflector is in the form of a roof of the room. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflector is made with holes. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the vertical plane the axis of the barrel is set to the horizontal at an angle α, which is calculated by the formula

where x is the shortest distance from the focus to the vertical passing through the focus of the reflector, m;
f is the distance from the top of the arch formed by the reflectors to the focus, m

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