RU2411709C1 - Combined soil tillage tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: tool comprises wedge-shaped stand with fertiliser tube mounted on its back part, and with ploughshares in lower part. Ploughshares are installed with the help of pad device in stand fold. Vertical disk knife is installed in front of stand. Tillage drum with teeth is installed behind fertiliser tube with the help of brackets fixed to stand. Teeth are installed on hub along lines of multiple-thread screw. On the left half of drum the helical lines are left-sided, and at the right half of drum - right-sided. Height of teeth is arranged as not less than half of value of depth of soil tillage with tool. Fertiliser tube with output holes for supply of fertiliser and air mix is located under upper edge of ploughshares.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce traction resistance and to increase crop capacity due to even introduction and distribution of fertilisers in soil prior to sowing.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to tillage machines.

It is known a tillage implement containing, a frame, a circular knife, the ends of which are made expanding to its axis, a working body and a support wheel, in which, in order to improve the quality of soil cultivation by stabilizing the depth of loosening, the implement is equipped with a two-arm pivotally mounted on the frame, the ends of which are connected with a circular knife and a support wheel; the connection of the disk knife with the two-arm lever is made in the form of a rocker mechanism, the expanding part of the disk knife is made in the form of a concave toroidal surface (SU, copyright certificate No. 1507218).

The disadvantages of this tool include limited functionality.

A working body of a tillage implement is known, comprising a wedge-shaped rack with a chisel, a pipe guide on the rear part, a ploughshare on its lower part and a disk knife installed in the alignment of the rack, provided with windows between the blade and mounting parts, while the windows of the disk knife are provided with flanges alternately oriented in the side directions (patent RU No. 22195095).

The disadvantages of the described working body include the uneven distribution of fertilizers over the arable horizon and limited functionality.

Known combined working body of a tillage implement containing a wedge-shaped rack mounted on its rear part of the duct, and in the lower part - plowshares, and installed in the alignment of the rack and in front of it a vertical circular knife, while under the plowshares there is a distribution distributing duct connected to the tubing, having weekends windows in the rear of the shares and guide vanes installed with a variable angle to the direction of movement, the height and size of the installation angle of which are made increasing from the vertical the axis of symmetry is resistant to the periphery of the plowshares, and at the place where the fertilizer duct and distribution ductwork are mated, a fat flow divider is installed (RU patent for invention No. 2268574, АСС 7/20, А01В 49/04).

The disadvantages of the described tool include insufficient loosening of the soil and uneven distribution of fertilizers in the arable layer, because fertilizers enter the arable horizon only when the soil leaves the shoe.

Known working body of a plane-cutter-ripper-fertilizer containing a combined rack mounted on its rear part of the piping, and in the lower part - shares mounted using a shoe in the alignment of the rack, while in front of the rack there is a vertical disk knife, while behind the piping in the slot shoe mounted gear rollers-crushers of soil, the supporting bearings of which are fixed in the lower part of the plowshares, and the front of the combined wedge-shaped rack is rounded off with a radius of 350-400 mm and has a two-sided sharpening cu at an angle of 15-20 °, and the front edges of the plowshares are mated with the side face of the sharpened part of the combined wedge-shaped rack, and the plowshares are mounted at an angle of 25-30 ° to the horizontal plane, have a lower sharpening with an angle of sharpening 12-15 °, while the circular knife set at a depth of 5-10 mm below the cutting edge of the plowshares, has restrictive flanges for a given processing depth and is fixed to the frame using racks having U-shaped protrusions under the flanges, and to the combined wedge-shaped rack using horizontal strips with a protrusion E under the flange (patent RU №2365082, publ. 08/27/2009, bull. No. 24).

The disadvantages of this design of the working body of the ploskorez-deep-ripper-fertilizer include the low quality of crumbling of the raised soil layer, increased traction resistance, the formation of a breakup groove on the treated soil surface in the zone of movement of the working body rack.

This design is accepted as the closest analogue.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase technological reliability, uniformity of applying mineral fertilizers in the fields before sowing crops in erosion-hazardous areas while maintaining the stubble background.

EFFECT: reduced traction resistance and increased yield of agricultural products cultures.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known combined tillage implement containing a wedge-shaped stand, a fertilizer pipe mounted on its rear part, and plowshares mounted using a shoe in the rack alignment, and in front of it a vertical circular knife, according to the invention, behind the pressure pipe with the help of brackets fixed to the rack, a ripping drum with teeth mounted on the hub along the lines of the multi-thread screw is installed, and on the left half of the drum I have helical lines t is left-handed, and on the right half is right-handed, the height of the teeth of the drum is not less than half the depth of processing of the combined tillage implement, a fertilizer pipe is placed under the upper edge of the plowshares, with outlet openings for supplying the air-fluid mixture.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In Fig.1 shows a combined working body, side view.

In Fig.2 - the same is a top view without a frame.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

A wedge-shaped stand 2 is installed on the frame 1 of the combined tillage implement. On its rear part, a pipe guide 3 is mounted for supplying the fertilizer mixture. To the rack 2 with the help of brackets 4, a ripping drum 5 with teeth 6 is fixed, which are fixed to the hub 7 of the drum along the lines of the multi-thread screw. On the left half of the drum 5, helical lines with teeth 6 placed on them have a left-side orientation, and on the right half - a right-side orientation. In front of the wedge-shaped rack 2, with the help of brackets 8, a vertical circular knife 9 is installed. In the lower part of the rack 2 there is a ploughshare 10 forming a lancet paw. Beneath the upper edge of the plowshares 10 are the fertilizer distribution lines 11 with openings for feeding the fertilizers. The brackets 4, 8 of the ripping drum 5 and the vertical disk knife 9 are fixed to the rack 2 with bolts 12. The disk knife is mounted on the brackets 8 using the hub 13.

A fan 14 is mounted on the frame 1 with a drive from a hydraulic motor.

The fan 14 is connected to the fertilizer pipe 3 by a pipe 15. The pipe 3 has a funnel 16 for receiving fertilizer from a fertilizer meter (not shown). Combined tillage implement works as follows.

When the gun moves across the field, the blade part of the vertical disk knife 9 cuts the root-containing soil layer to the depth of the necessary processing, which prevents the rack 2 from enveloping with plant residues and reduces the traction resistance of the implement.

The plowshares 10 cut the formation in a horizontal plane, separate the formation from the soil massif, and the soil is deformed and shifted.

After cleavage, the soil layer slides along the surface of the plowshares 10 without undergoing deformation. For loosening the soil layer, a loosening drum 5 acts on it, the teeth 6 of which are embedded in the soil layer and loosen it. Due to the fact that the teeth 6 are placed on the hub 7 along the lines of the multi-screw, the soil moves with the teeth 6 in the transverse direction, which ensures the closure of the breakup groove formed by the strut 2.

Thus, after the passage of the combined tillage implement, the field surface will be aligned with a finely crumbly structure. At the same time, mineral fertilizers (granular or pulverized) will be supplied to the funnel 16, at the same time, air will be supplied to the fertilizer pipe 3 by fan 14. In the fertilizer pipe 3, fertilizer is mixed with air and the formed fertilizer-air mixture flows under pressure into the fertilizer distribution pipes 11. Through the openings of the fertilizer distribution pipes, the fertilizer mixture enters the loosened soil layer, which ensures uniform distribution of fertilizers throughout the entire arable horizon. The uniform distribution of fertilizers in the root layer of the soil provides optimal conditions for the growth and development of plants and increase yield.

Claims (1)

Combined soil cultivation implement with fertilizer application, containing a wedge-shaped stand mounted on its rear part of the fertilizer line, and in the lower part - plowshares installed with a shoe in the alignment of the rack, and in front of it a vertical circular knife, characterized in that behind the pipe line with brackets fixed to the rack, a ripping drum is installed with teeth mounted on the hub along the lines of the multi-thread screw, and on the left half of the drum the helical lines are left-handed, and on the right olovine drum - a right-hand direction, the height of teeth of at least half the value of the combined machining depth tilling implement, under the upper edge of plowshares arranged tukoraspredelitelny duct having outlet openings for supplying tukovozdushnoy mixture.

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