RU2411434C1 - Heat pipe electric element - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: heat pipe electric element includes housing made from dielectric material and consisting of the cover blanked off on both edges with hot and cold walls made from dielectric material; casing made from electrically conducting material and placed inside the shell coaxially so that its upper and lower edges are toothed along the whole perimetre and tightly pressed with tops of teeth to inner surfaces of hot and cold walls so that triangular holes are formed between teeth and interact with steam transport zone, thus forming evaporation and condensation zones; annular space between the shell and casing is filled with wick made from porous material with homogeneous electrochemical characteristic, which in its turn is filled with working liquid, and upper and lower edges of casing are connected with electric wires to upper and lower external terminals.

EFFECT: improving efficiency and reliability.

2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a power system and can be used for the disposal of secondary thermal energy and low-potential thermal energy of natural sources, namely, for the transformation of thermal energy into electrical energy.

Known electrostatic generator containing a pump, a piping system, a housing in which porous plates (wicks) are placed, made of materials that allow you to receive positive and negative charges to a liquid dielectric (dielectric fluid) pumped through them, and transfer these charges to the collectors [A .FROM. USSR No. 66073, Mcl. H02N 3/00, 1940].

The disadvantages of the known device are the bulkiness of the design and significant energy costs for driving a circulation pump, which reduces its efficiency.

Closer to the proposed invention is a heatpipe electrostatic generator, which contains: a housing consisting of a shell, muffled from both ends of the hot and cold walls made of dielectric material, and placed inside the shell of the coaxial casing so that between its upper end and the hot wall , the lower end and the cold wall there are gaps in communication with the channel (zone) of transporting steam, forming a zone of evaporation and condensation; a vertical U-shaped partition made of dielectric material, dividing the transport zone into two equal-sized compartments filled with wicks made of porous materials of different electrochemical characteristics, which allow receiving positive or negative charges in the working fluid, collectors of positive and negative charges equipped with external terminals, and a dielectric fluid is used as a working fluid [RF Patent No. 2327055, Mcl. H02N 3/00, 2008].

The main disadvantages of the well-known thermotube electrostatic generator are the difficulty in installing the necessary gaps between the ends of the casing and the cold and hot walls, the need to install two different compartments with different electrochemical properties of the wicks placed in them, which complicates its design and operating conditions, narrows its scope and ultimately reduces its effectiveness and reliability.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of the heat pipe electric element.

The technical result is achieved in a heat pipe electric element, which contains a housing made of dielectric material and consisting of a shell muffled at both ends by hot and cold walls made of dielectric material; a casing made of an electrically conductive material placed coaxially inside the shell so that its upper and lower ends are serrated along the entire perimeter and tightly pressed by the tips of the teeth to the inner surfaces of the hot and cold walls with the formation of triangular holes between the teeth communicating with the vapor transport zone, forming zones of evaporation and condensation, the annular space between the shell and the casing is filled with a wick made of a porous material with a uniform electrochemical character In turn, it is filled with a working fluid - a dielectric, and the upper and lower ends of the casing are connected by electric wires to the upper and lower external terminals.

Figure 1-2 presents the proposed heatpipe electric element (figure 1 is a General view, figure 2 is a transverse section).

Heatpipe electric element (TTEE) includes: a housing 1 made of dielectric material, consisting of a shell 2, muffled from both ends of hot 3 and cold 4 walls, also made of dielectric material; a casing 5 made of an electrically conductive material and which is a collector of electric charges placed inside the shell 2 coaxially so that its upper and lower ends are serrated along the entire perimeter and firmly pressed by the tips of the teeth 6 to the inner surfaces of the hot and cold walls with the formation between the teeth 6 triangular openings 7 communicating with the vapor transport zone 8, forming evaporation zones 9 and condensation 10; a liquid transport zone 11 located in the annular space between the shell and the casing filled with a wick 12 made of a porous material with a uniform electrochemical characteristic, in turn, filled with a working fluid - a dielectric; electrical wires 13 and 14 connecting the upper and lower ends of the casing 5 with the upper and lower outer terminals 15 and 16, respectively.

The work of the proposed TFEE is based on the ability of dielectric fluids to undergo electrification when moving through pipelines and especially through porous partitions, in which the magnitude of the electrification current can increase by several orders of magnitude [V.V. Zakharchenko et al. Electrification of liquids and its prevention. - M .: Chemistry, 1975, p.15-25], as well as the high efficiency of heat transfer in heat pipes, which are divided into three sections: the evaporation zone (heat input), the adiabatic zone (heat transfer) and the condensation zone (heat removal ) coated from the inside with a wick made of a porous material and partially filled with a working fluid (liquid) - a heat carrier, which is used as water, alcohols and other organic liquids, chladones, liquid metals etc. [V.V. Kharitonov et al. Secondary heat and energy resources and environmental protection. - Minsk: Ab. School, 1988, p. 106].

The proposed TTEE works as follows. Previously, before starting work, air is removed from the housing 1 of the TFEE and the working fluid is pumped - a dielectric with a specific electric resistance of at least (10-12) Ohm · m, which is also selected depending on the temperature potential of cold and hot media (fitting for air removal and supply working fluid in FIGS. 1-2 is not shown), in an amount larger than the pore volume of the wick 12 by the amount of steam condensate occupying the volume of the steam transport zone 8. Terminals 15 and 16 are connected to the current consumer, after which the housing 1 is installed that the hot wall 3 in contact with the hot medium, and cold wall 4 with a cold. As a result of heating the hot wall 3 in the evaporation zone 9, the working fluid evaporates, steam is formed, which, passing at high speed through the steam transport zone 8, enters the condensation zone 10, condenses there by contacting the outer surface of the cold wall 4 with a cold medium, after which the resulting condensate of the dielectric fluid is absorbed by the pores of the wick 12 through the gaps of the triangular holes 7 and under the influence of capillary forces and evaporation in the evaporation zone 9 is adiabatically transported through the pores wick 12 (made, for example, from organic fiber), where the liquid is electrified with the acquisition of positive and negative charges, which are collected on the collector cover 5, creating a potential difference, and through wires 13 and 14, terminals 15 and 16 are supplied to the consumer, and the discharged liquid through triangular gaps 7 enters the evaporation zone 9, where the above evaporation process takes place and the cycle repeats.

Thus, the proposed TTEE provides the possibility of obtaining electric energy through the utilization of secondary thermal energy resources of various potentials (energy from waste water, exhaust gases, etc.), heat resources of natural sources (energy from the sun, water, etc.), which ensures its high efficiency in various sectors of the economy.

Claims (1)

A heatpipe electric element comprising a housing consisting of a shell muffled from both ends with hot and cold walls made of dielectric material, a casing placed coaxially inside the shell, a wick filled with a working fluid - dielectric, characterized in that the casing is made of electrically conductive material and located in such a way that its upper and lower ends are serrated along the entire perimeter and firmly pressed by the tips of the teeth to the inner surfaces of the hot and cold walls with azovaniem between the teeth of triangular holes communicating with the pair of conveying zone, forming a zone of evaporation and condensation; the annular space between the shell and the casing is filled with a wick made of a porous material with a uniform electrochemical characteristic, the upper and lower ends of the casing being connected by electric wires to the upper and lower external terminals.

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