RU2411418C1 - Air cooling system of rooms and cover for ice blocks of insulated ice chamber of such system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: air cooling system of rooms includes heat insulated chamber with many ice blocks obtained owing to natural cold during the cold season and laid with gaps which form cooled air passage channels. Circuit of suction-and-exhaust ventilation with forced air circulation is equipped with exhaust air line for supply of air to be cooled from cooled room to the ice chamber and suction air line for supply of cooled air from ice chamber to the cooled room. Ice blocks are enclosed in covers in the form of polymer bottles with necks which are closed with polymer threaded plugs or caps, have the shape of polymer bottles and have been obtained by freezing by means of natural cold of the water poured to polymer bottles. Bottles are laid layer by layer as to height of heat insulated ice chamber and oriented horizontally and parallel to each other. Bottles of each layer are directed with their necks towards one side, and bottles of the adjacent layer are directed with their necks towards the other side.

EFFECT: cooling system of rooms has simplified construction of heat insulated ice chamber owing to using standard under polymeric tare after it has been used as the cover for ice blocks.

7 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to systems for air cooling of rooms in the warm season, receiving chilled air from a renewable source of cold in the form of ice stored by the cold in the cold season, and is intended to maintain the required temperature and microclimate in industrial, public, residential and other buildings.

A device for accumulating cold is known, which contains a closed circuit for circulating air refrigerant passing through the cold accumulator, and a branch of the circuit that removes cooled air to the consumer [patent RU 2123648, publ. 12/20/1998]. The cold accumulator includes many pipe-in-pipe constructions installed in 16 m deep soil wells drilled in a dug pit, from which the soil has been removed to a depth twice as deep as freezing, and a liquid refrigerant such as water or a saline solution has been added to the soil. On the ground surface there is a heat exchanger connected to a closed circuit with the ability to disconnect and connect to a branch of the circuit, which removes the cooled air to the consumer from the cold accumulator through a closed circuit using a fan. In the cold season, air is passed through a closed circuit with the creation of a cold accumulator in the “pipe in pipe” structures located in the ground, and then the cooled air is transferred to the consumer in the warm season by the outlet branch, which is configured to remove air that has passed through the closed circuit. The disadvantages of the known device are its structural complexity, the high cost of manufacture and maintenance, which, in turn, leads to a high cost of obtaining cold.

Known refrigeration cooling system using cold energy for air conditioning and cooling a warehouse [patent CN 1293343, publ. 05/02/2001]. The system contains an underground heat-insulated storage of ice stored in the winter, and an overhead casing of the cooling unit with an internal environment designed to generate cold in the summer. In the upper part of the storage there is a loading opening for loading pieces of ice, and in the bottom of the storage there is a pit with a drain pipe designed to collect and pump out condensate and water formed during the melting of ice. Mesh tiers are located along the height of the above-ground case of the cooling unit, on which the cold accumulates and on which, passing through the cells, the air is cooled. Intake air distributors are installed in the upper part of the cooling unit casing, through which cooled air enters the supply air duct and, with the help of a fan installed in the ventilation chamber, is supplied through a heat-insulated underground duct to the cooled storage room. In winter, crushed ice is loaded through a loading hole in the storage, where it remains until the summer. In summer, the cold from the stored ice is concentrated on the mesh tiers of the cooling unit, through which the air passes and cools, which is then fed through intake air distributors through the supply air duct for conditioning and cooling the warehouse. Water from ice that has melted in summer and condensate are sucked through a drain pipe from the storage into the sewer system using a pump. The disadvantages of the known system are its structural complexity, the high cost of manufacturing and maintenance, which, in turn, leads to a high cost of obtaining cold. In addition, the use of special devices is required for the removal of melt water from the melted ice and the reloading of ice in the storage.

As a prototype, the air cooling system of a building, warehouse or greenhouse in the summer season was selected due to the source of cold in the form of ice granules produced in the winter season from natural snow and water [JP patent 2001153507, publ. 06/08/2001]. The system contains a supply and exhaust ventilation circuit with forced air circulation, equipped with air ducts closed to the refrigerated room and a heat-insulated ice chamber. Cooled air coming from the ice chamber through the supply duct using a duct fan enters the cooled room and cools it. The air that has given off the cold from the chilled room through the return duct enters the ice chamber, where it rises up through the lower openings between the ice granules, where it is cooled again, passes through the upper holes of the ice chamber and again returns to the cooled room through the supply air duct. A disadvantage of the known room cooling system is the relatively complex and costly technology for producing ice granules, which leads to a relatively high cost of producing cold. Another disadvantage is the fact that when the ice granules melt, the gaps between them may decrease, or the granules may freeze with each other, which may require more energy for blowing the cooled air through the ice chamber. In addition, it requires the use of special devices to drain melt water from melted ice granules and reload the ice into the ice chamber.

The technical problem for which the invention is proposed is to simplify the design of the air cooling system of rooms used in the warm season, in particular in the summer season, through the use of ice obtained in the cold season, in particular in winter, which, in in turn, reduces the cost of the produced cold. This technical problem, in particular, is solved mainly by simplifying the design of the ice chamber, as well as by using a system of standard components, including recyclable components, in this design.

Another solvable technical task is to minimize the cost of maintaining the air cooling system of rooms by simplifying and / or eliminating the operations of loading ice into a heat-insulated ice chamber and draining melt water from melted ice.

Another solvable technical task is to extend the service life of devices included in the air cooling system of rooms by preventing moisture from melt water and melt water itself from contacting such devices.

An air cooling system for the premises is proposed, including a thermally insulated ice chamber, a plurality of pieces of ice obtained due to natural cold in the cold season and laid in a thermally insulated ice chamber with gaps between adjacent pieces of ice, which form channels for passage of cooled air, and a supply air circuit - exhaust ventilation with forced air circulation, equipped with a supply air duct for supplying cooled air from the cooled room to a heat-insulated chamber for I have ice and an exhaust duct for supplying cooled air from a thermally insulated ice chamber to the refrigerated room. What is new is that the pieces of ice are enclosed in closed polymer shells, have the shape of these shells, and are obtained by freezing with natural cold water that is poured into polymer shells and closed in them.

Closed polymer shells can have the same shape and dimensions, while they can be stacked in height along the insulated chamber for ice in layers.

It is better when the closed polymer shells are made in the form of containers of standard consumer polymer containers designed to store liquid products and closed with standard closures.

At the same time, the containers of standard consumer polymer containers can be made in the form of standard polymer bottles, which are closed with screw plugs or caps.

Can also be used containers of standard consumer polymer packaging after their use for the main purpose, i.e. after storage in them of any food, household or industrial liquid products.

The ice chamber may be provided with an openable thermally insulated lid.

It is better when pieces of ice are obtained by freezing fresh water.

In another aspect of the present invention, it is proposed to use a corking container of a standard consumer polymer packaging for storing liquid products as a casing for pieces of ice of an insulated chamber for ice in an air-cooled room system.

Such a capacity of a standard consumer polymer container simply should be able to fill with water, followed by freezing water to ice inside the sealed container due to natural cold.

It is better when the capacity of a standard consumer polymer container is made in the form of a standard polymer bottle, closed with a standard closure such as a screw plug or cap.

You can use the capacity of a standard consumer polymer packaging after its use for its main purpose, due to which the disposal of such used packaging is additionally achieved.

Hereinafter, containers of standard consumer polymer containers are understood to mean containers intended for storing liquid products and manufactured according to the relevant standards and technical conditions developed on the basis of such standards.

In the present invention, for example, consumer polymer packaging according to GOST P 51760-2001 “Consumer polymer packaging. General technical conditions ”, in particular polymer cans, bottles, tubes intended for packaging and storage of liquid food products, medicines, perfumes and cosmetics, household chemical goods, paints and varnishes, technical oils and lubricants, industrial and household products.

Also in the present invention, polymer bottles according to GOST P 52789-2007 “Bottles of polyethylene terephthalate for food liquids can be used as consumer polymer containers. General specifications. "

Used consumer polymer packaging can be of any shape, for example, rectangular (cross-sectional), cylindrical, curly. In particular, narrowing or annular protruding sections can be made along the height of the containers of such containers, which will create additional gaps between adjacent containers and, accordingly, additional heat transfer surfaces between the cooled air and ice inside the containers, when the containers are stacked next to each other or one on the other inside insulated chamber for ice.

The consumer polymer packaging used may have a neck of various shapes, preferably a shortened neck, it being obvious that the presence of a neck also determines the formation of the necessary gaps between the ice containers for the passage of cooled air through them.

Also, consumer polymer packaging can be made from both colored and unpainted polymer.

From the point of view of loading and other auxiliary operations, it is better when the capacity of the standard consumer plastic packaging used is 2-5 liters, and is also equipped with carrying handles.

Standard closures, for example threaded plugs or caps screwed onto their respective bottle necks, can be made in accordance with GOST P 51958-2002 “Polymer closures. General specifications. "

This technical solution allows us to simplify the design of one of the main devices of the system, the ice chamber, to use standard components in this design, including recyclable components, to simplify and / or eliminate the operations of loading ice into the ice chamber and removing melt water from the melted ice, to extend the term service devices included in the system, as well as reduce the cost of the produced cold.

The invention is further explained using the drawings, which show:

figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a room cooling system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a thermally insulated chamber for ice, shown in figure 1;

figure 3 is a cross section of a thermally insulated chamber for ice, shown in figure 1, at the location of the perforated exhaust duct exhaust duct;

figure 4 is a cross section of a thermally insulated chamber for ice, shown in figure 1, at the location of the perforated suction duct of the supply duct.

Below the invention is explained in more detail on the example of implementation, followed by the above figures of the drawings.

The system shown in FIG. 1 is intended for air cooling of rooms in the summer season and consists of a supply and exhaust ventilation circuit with forced air circulation equipped with a supply air duct 1 that connects the heat-insulated ice chamber 2 to a nearby refrigerated room 3, and exhaust duct 4, which connects the room 3 with the chamber 2.

On the supply air duct 1, between the chamber 2 and the room 3, a ventilation unit is installed that contains the check valve 5, the cassette filter 6, the channel fan 7 and the silencer 8 in series. Also, three supply air distributors 9 are installed at the outlet of the supply air duct 1 inside room 3, and the exhaust duct inlet 4, on the opposite wall of room 3, there are three exhaust air distributors 10. The supply and exhaust air distributors 9 and 10 located in room 3 must be max. Imally removed from each other, which allows to effectively cool the room 3.

Depending on the operating conditions, the operation of the equipment of the supply and exhaust ventilation circuit can be regulated both automatically and manually, or in combination. At the inlet of the supply air duct 1 to room 3 and the outlet of the exhaust air duct 4 from room 3, as well as inside the room 3, temperature and humidity sensors 12 are installed. At the inlet of the exhaust air duct 4 to the chamber 2 and the outlet of the supply air duct 1 from the chamber 2, inside it as well as on the inner and outer sides of the walls of the chamber 2, temperature sensors 11 are installed. These sensors are intended for the purposes of the above regulation by conventional means of automatic or semi-automatic regulation.

The above-mentioned heat-insulated ice chamber 2 (see FIGS. 2-4) has a parallelepiped shape and is made in the form of an interchangeable metal container with double walls, inside which, according to the thermal engineering calculation, a heat-insulating layer or layers of PSB-S sheets are laid. The camera 2 is equipped with a removable metal cover, consisting of three thermally insulated sections 13, 14 and 15, equipped with mounting loops 16 for movement by a lifting mechanism if necessary (not shown). At the outlet of the exhaust duct 4 in the upper part of the chamber 2, a perforated exhaust duct 17 is installed at one of its walls, and a perforated suction duct 18 is installed at the inlet of the supply duct 1 in the lower part of the chamber 2 near the opposite wall.

The ice that is loaded into chamber 2 is frozen in the winter season from fresh water poured into separate containers 19 after they have been sealed, using standard plastic bottles 19 of 5 liters in accordance with GOST R 52789-2007. Such bottles 19 are commonly used for drinking water, have a rectangular cross-section with rounded corners, a shortened neck with a small polymer handle, and are sealed with polymer threaded caps screwed onto the neck. The ice bottles 19 are stacked in layers along the height of the chamber 2, while gaps are naturally formed between the bottles 19 due to narrowing in the form of necks and rounding of the angles of rectangular cross-section of the bottles 19, channels being formed from such gaps for passage of cooled air for free passage of the cooled air between adjacent bottles 19. In this example, all bottles 19 are oriented horizontally, the axes of all bottles 19 are parallel to each other, and the bottles 19 of each layer are directed by their throats wines in one direction, the direction of orientation of the bottles in adjacent layers 19 are opposite to each other.

The air cooling system of the premises, in particular the premises 3, as shown in figure 1, operates as follows. Heated air is taken from the room 3 by exhaust air distributors 10, through the exhaust duct 4 through the perforated exhaust duct 17 it enters the chamber 2, where it is cooled by ice inside the bottles 19 due to heat exchange through the walls of the bottles 19 when the cooled air passes through the channels formed by the gaps between the bottles 19. Next, the cooled air through the perforated suction duct 18 through the supply air duct 1 enters the suction pipe of the ventilation unit, consisting of a check valve 5, cassette about the filter 6, the channel fan 7 and the silencer 8. After the ventilation unit has passed, the cooled air is supplied through the supply air duct 1 through the supply air distributors 9 to the cooled room 3. The room 3 is cooled periodically, mainly during the working hours of the day.

Naturally, during the operation of the system, the temperature of the ice in the bottles 19 will gradually decrease until the ice melts. However, the water formed during thawing will remain inside the corked bottles and can be re-frozen when the cold season sets in due to natural cold, for which, for example, it is enough to open sections 13, 14 and / or 15 of the removable metal cover, if camera 2 is located, at least this time of year, outdoors outdoors.

The technical solution disclosed above makes it possible to simplify the design of one of the main devices of the system, namely, the design of the heat-insulated ice chamber, to use standard components systems, including recyclable components, in this design, to simplify and / or eliminate the operations of loading ice into and out of the heat-insulated ice chamber melt water from melted ice, to extend the life of the devices included in the system, as well as reduce the cost of cold produced.

It should be understood here that the above example is used only to illustrate the possibility of carrying out the invention and a number of its advantages, and this example does not limit the scope of legal protection presented in the claims, while a person skilled in the art is relatively simple to implement other variants of the invention in within the scope of legal protection.

Claims (7)

1. The air cooling system of the premises, including:
thermally insulated chamber for ice;
many pieces of ice obtained due to natural cold in the cold season and placed in a heat-insulated ice chamber with gaps between adjacent pieces of ice that form channels for passage of cooled air;
supply and exhaust ventilation circuit with forced air circulation, equipped with an exhaust duct for supplying cooled air from the refrigerated room to the heat-insulated ice chamber and supply air duct for supplying cooled air from the heat-insulated ice chamber to the refrigerated room,
characterized in that the pieces of ice are enclosed in shells in the form of polymer bottles with necks, which are closed with polymer screw plugs or caps, have the shape of polymer bottles and are obtained by freezing with natural cold of water poured into polymer bottles,
at the same time, polymer bottles are stacked in height along the insulated ice chamber for layers, oriented horizontally and parallel to each other, with polymer bottles of each layer directed their necks in one direction, and polymer bottles of an adjacent layer directed with their necks in the opposite direction. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer bottles have the same shape and size. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes polymeric bottles intended for packaging and storage of drinking water, liquid food products, medicines, perfumes and cosmetics, household chemicals, paints and varnishes, technical oils and lubricants or industrial products and domestic use, after using such polymer bottles for their primary purpose. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ice chamber is provided with an openable thermally insulated lid. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pieces of ice are obtained from fresh water. 6. The use of a polymer bottle designed for packaging and storage of drinking water and food liquids, which has a rectangular cross-section with rounded corners and a shortened neck, made with the possibility of corking with a polymer threaded cap screwed on the neck, as a shell for ice pieces of a heat-insulated chamber for ice air cooling systems. 7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that the polymer bottle is used after its use for its main purpose.

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