RU2410071C1 - Transport facility - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: folding carriage comprises the frame consisting of right and left semiframes, front small turning and rear drive bicycle-type wheels. Rear cross-like are arranged on fixed brackets. Front cross-like are arranged on movable brackets. In moving on staircase, cross-like brackets are linked with drive wheels by chain transmission. Transformation mechanism arranged at carriage bottom art lifts drive wheels and lowers movable brackets in changing the carriage into motion on staircase, and comprises control levers 3, movable brackets, tie rods 21 and position retainers 16.

EFFECT: ease of operation.

5 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to vehicles powered by the muscular power of a person, and more particularly to wheelchairs for the disabled, allowing you to independently move both on a horizontal surface and to overcome staircases in both directions.

The prior art methods and devices are known that allow people with disabilities traveling in wheelchairs to independently climb staircases (see, for example, US 3196970 A dated 07.27.1965 or WO 96/00161 A1 dated 01.01.1996).

The disadvantage of the above technical solutions is the bulkiness and complexity of the structures, their low reliability and extreme complexity in operation.

The closest in technical essence is a vehicle for the disabled (see RU 2220696 C2 dated 01/10/2004), consisting of two half-frames (front and rear) equipped with supporting wheel pairs for moving on a horizontal surface and supporting crosses for overcoming steps. The half-frames rotate around the main horizontal axis, which is perpendicular to the direction of movement, which changes the mode of movement, and the wheelchair reclines 35 degrees back when switching to the mode of movement on the stairs. The support crosses are driven by means of a friction gear, bevel gears, cardans and worm gears.

The disadvantages of this solution include:

- the impossibility of folding the stroller, which dramatically complicates the process of transportation,

- the simplest lever system used in the design for transforming the stroller when changing the driving mode requires efforts that significantly exceed the capabilities of most disabled people, and also does not meet the requirements of GOST R 51083-97 CHAIR-STROLLERS “General technical conditions”,

- the constructive design of the stroller demonstrates the principle of its operation, but does not ensure its safe use; in particular, the sectors for fixing the levers and the levers themselves, ensuring its transformation, are located on the site of the armrests, the armrests themselves are absent, which poses a risk of injury to the user and makes it impossible to transfer the disabled person to another place,

- there are no parking brakes, without which it is impossible to transfer a disabled person to another device, and also there is no brake system,

- a large loss of power during friction meshing and worm gears, which creates a large expenditure of energy of the user when climbing stairs,

- the absence of a mechanism for correcting the movement of the stroller in the case of its angular displacement relative to the steps, as well as when "crossing" the crosses over the step, if they are too narrow.

The objective of the claimed device is to significantly reduce the effort required to switch from one driving mode to another, acceptable to most disabled people and meeting the requirements of the standards, to ensure its rapid folding and the possibility of transportation in the trunk of a car, increasing the safety of use, the possibility of maneuvering on the stairs and increasing stroller comfort.

The technical result obtained in solving the problem is expressed in the maximum simplification of the design and ensuring the manufacture of the product mainly from standard components, in ensuring the versatility of the stroller, which allows you to overcome stairs with any unequal and even dilapidated steps, as well as in increasing drive efficiency and increasing its reliability and safety during operation.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the proposed vehicle, mainly for the disabled, is configured to move up stairs and is a folding stroller containing a frame, front small swivel and rear driving wheels of a bicycle type. The new one is that the frame is made of right and left semi-frames, the rear cross-shaped supports are mounted on the fixed consoles at the back to the frame, and the front cross-shaped supports are mounted with the help of movable consoles on the right and left half-frames, the front and rear cross-shaped supports made of light alloy metal or non-metallic - from hard plastic in the form of a 4-beam cross, the rays of which are located at right angles and are connected to the drive wheels by chain transmissions, while a transformation mechanism is provided, aspolozhenny the bottom of the folding wheelchair, and consisting of the control levers, mobile consoles, three rods and clamps position the carriage in its two states, providing control stroller transformation and the possibility of transplanting the disabled in the other device. At the same time, a parking brake is provided that works in both positions of the folding stroller and a switchable directional brake, which ensures that the folding stroller is braked in the direction opposite to the movement in the position on the cruciform supports, and the drive wheels and cruciform supports are quick-detachable to reduce the dimensions of the stroller during transportation.

The proposed arrangement, in combination with the use of known components and parts and the implementation of a two-frame frame, allows to simplify the design and ensure the manufacture of the product mainly from standard components, as well as to achieve the versatility of the stroller, consisting in the possibility of overcoming the stairs with any unequal and even dilapidated steps.

Using the proposed drive can increase the efficiency of the device.

The proposed transformation mechanism makes it easier to operate the device and increase its safety. Structural features related to equipping the ends of cruciform supports with anti-skid elements are also aimed at solving this problem.

The presence of a parking and switchable directional brakes also improves the reliability and safety of the device.

Further, the invention will be disclosed in a preferred embodiment in more detail with reference to graphic materials on which:

figure 1 - shows a view of the device when driving on wheels;

figure 2 - shows a view of the device when moving up the stairs on the crosses;

figure 3 - shows a General view of the device with hanging wheels;

figure 4 - shows a General view of the device with hanging cross-shaped supports;

5 is a front view of FIG. 4;

6 is a side view of figure 4;

Fig.7 is a top view of Fig.4;

Fig. 8 is a side view of a device with suspended wheels;

Fig.9 is a front view of Fig.8;

figure 10 - shows a top view of figure 8.

The device described below is a folding wheelchair for the disabled and is made, if possible, of the known components and parts used for such devices.

The proposed stroller contains the following components and parts:

- armrest 1, made with the possibility of both reclining and fixing in the lowered position,

- back 2 with height-adjustable handles (not shown),

- a lever 3 for controlling the transformation mechanism, which allows the stroller to be moved from a position for moving on a horizontal surface to a position for moving on stairs and back,

- a directional brake control lever 4, which allows you to switch the directional brake to brake in the direction opposite to the movement (rotation of the drive wheels), in the position on the cross support,

- directional brake 5, made with the possibility of braking the drive wheel in the direction opposite to the movement (rotation of the drive wheels), in the position on the cross support,

- parking brake 6, made with the possibility of braking the drive wheel in both positions of the device,

- a frame 7 of a stroller having a high raised lower part and made of right and left half frames,

- seat 8,

- fastenings 9 of the position lock on the cruciform supports,

- fastening 10 of the console of the drive wheel to the frame,

- a console 11 of the front cruciform support with a lever on which a roller for adjusting the play of the chain is provided,

- oscillating support sleeve 12 of the control lever of the transformation mechanism,

- the housing 13 for mounting the parking brake and directional brake, made with the possibility of mounting to the frame and height adjustment,

- front cruciform support 14, made with the possibility of fastening to the hub of the console and putting on the axis with a cross-shaped flange (for engagement) and having a corresponding mating flange. The front cross-shaped supports 14 are pressed to the corresponding consoles by a wing-bolt or a bolt with an eccentric clamp (to ensure quick release) and are mounted using movable consoles on the right and left half frames, the front and rear cross-shaped supports are made of metal from light alloys or from hard plastic in the form 4-beam cross, the rays of which are located at right angles, while in one embodiment, the cross-shaped supports can be equipped at the ends with anti-skid elements made of elastic material, such as hard plastic, or metal;

- a rotary sleeve 15 of the front wheel mounted on the inside of the frame,

- the lever 16 of the position lock on the cross support, equipped with springs and made with the possibility of fixing the console of the rear (drive) wheel in position for movement on the cross support,

- a chain 17 of the drive of the cruciform supports provided for transmitting the rotation force from the drive wheel to the cruciform supports in the position of the transformation mechanism for movement on the cruciform supports,

- the rear cross-shaped support 18, made similarly to the front cross-shaped support 14, and the front and rear cross-shaped supports are made of metal from light alloys or from hard plastic in the form of a 4-beam cross, the rays of which are located at right angles and are connected to the drive wheels by chain transmissions,

- quick-release footrest 19, made with the possibility of height adjustment,

- an asterisk-hub 20 of the console of the front cruciform support, made with the possibility of fastening to the console of the front cruciform support using an axis threaded through a sleeve with bearings. The sprocket wheel 20 has a cross-shaped flange for engagement with the front cross-shaped support and a hole in the axis with a thread for fixing the cross-shaped support,

an intermediate link 21 having an inner chain guide roller,

- rollers 22 chains,

- an asterisk-hub 23 of the console of the rear cruciate support, made similarly to the asterisk-hub 20 of the console of the front cruciform support,

- front swivel wheel 24,

- fork 25 of the front swivel wheel,

- the rear drive wheel 26, made with the possibility of fastening with a quick-detachable axis to the rear wheel console bushing,

- fastening of 27 consoles of cruciform supports to the frame,

- console 28 of the rear cruciform support,

- console 29 of the rear drive wheel,

- latch 30 of the transformation control lever, configured to lock the transformation control lever in position for movement on wheels,

- a drive sprocket 31, made with the possibility of mounting to the rear drive wheel from the inside.

The proposed vehicle operates as follows.

Movement on a flat surface. The levers 3 for controlling the transformation mechanism are in the rear starting position at the level of the back of the stroller, which does not interfere with the disabled person, having thrown back the armrest, to transfer to another device. In this case, the cross-shaped supports are raised above the surface and do not interfere with the movement, and the stroller moves like any standard.

Transformation of the stroller to translate it into the mode of movement on the stairs.

The user takes the stroller by the handles of the levers and smoothly feeds them forward, first, before lowering the front cruciform supports to the floor. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the front small swivel wheels are parallel to each other along the side of the stroller and do not interfere with the front crosses. Further, the disabled person gives the levers further forward to the stop, so that the stroller leans back 30 degrees, stands on the cross-shaped crosses and its wheels are lifted, and its position is rigidly fixed with clamps.

Movement down the stairs. The user switches the directional brake 5 with the lever 4 to the forward position and starts to smoothly rotate both drive wheels, thereby driving the front and rear cruciform supports, whereby the stroller moves down the steps. After the descent and the full exit of the stroller to a flat surface, the disabled person performs the reverse transformation of the stroller. To do this, the disabled person puts the directional brake 5 in the neutral position, releases the locks by simply pressing the thumbs on the levers 16 located at the level of the upper part of the stroller frame, pulls the levers 3 towards itself, while tilting the case forward, which leads to an easy transition of the stroller to the wheels and raising the front crosses to the inoperative position, while the levers are fixed in the rear position at the level of the back.

Move up the stairs. The movement is carried out in reverse, for which the disabled person switches the directional brake 5 with lever 4 to the reverse position and starts to smoothly rotate the drive wheels backward, as a result of which the wheelchair rises up the steps.

Working tests of the model showed that due to a sufficient degree of freedom of the right and left sides, interconnected only by an X-shaped folding device and independent drive wheels, when moving up the stairs, the stroller freely adjusts its movement, remains stable when the side roll is up to 10 degrees and easily walks narrow steps without tipping forward.

Thus, the proposed vehicle for the movement of persons with disabilities is an easy to manufacture and use device that has, in comparison with known analogues, increased reliability, comfort and increased efficiency, and can significantly reduce the effort required to switch from one mode of movement to another, to ensure its quick folding and the possibility of transportation in the trunk of a car, as well as to increase the maneuvering ability on stairs of various quality.

Claims (5)

1. The vehicle, mainly for the disabled, made with the possibility of movement on stairs and consisting of a folding stroller containing a frame, front small swivel and rear driving wheels of a bicycle type, characterized in that the frame is made of right and left semi-frames, attached to the frame at the back on the fixed consoles, the rear cross-shaped supports, and the front cross-shaped supports are installed using movable consoles on the right and left half frames, and the front and rear cross-shaped supports are made allic of light alloys or of hard plastic in the form of a four-beam cross, the beams of which are located at right angles and are connected to the drive wheels by chain transmissions, while there is a transformation mechanism located at the bottom of the folding stroller and consisting of control levers, movable consoles, three rods and position locks of the stroller in two of its states, providing control of the transformation of the stroller and the possibility of replacing the disabled person in another device. 2. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that a parking brake is provided that operates in both positions of the folding stroller. 3. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that a switchable directional brake is provided, which ensures that the folding stroller is braked in the direction opposite to the movement in the position on the cross support. 4. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive wheels and cruciform supports are quick-detachable to reduce the size of the stroller during transportation. 5. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-shaped supports are equipped at the ends with anti-skid elements.

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