RU2403395C2 - Bellow-type pneumatic engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises common output shaft and rotary bellows fitted in radial bearing arranged inside the housing. It comprises also at least two identical functional units with rotary shafts that accommodate said bellows. Said units are integrated by their rotary shafts to allow bellows to work in counter phase. One of said units incorporates direct-action overrunning coupling to transfer rotary motion of movable elements of said integrated units to engine common output shaft. Another unit incorporates reversing overrunning coupling to convert return motion of movable elements into reverse motion to allow its conversion in one-way rotation along with output rotation of the first overrunning coupling. Said overrunning couplings engage with central shaft to transfer resultant one-way rotation to the engine common output shaft. Functional units accommodating rotary bellows feature different area of rotary bellows that take up operating gas pressure.

EFFECT: said bellows allow using working gas, air with high and superhigh pressure.

4 dwg, 2 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of motor vehicles with systems and devices that do not contain any movable contact seals, such as, for example, well-known piston rings, etc.

Advantageously, the invention relates to solving the problems of implementing precisely the pistonless (non-sealing) conversion of the energy of compressed gas (air) into the mechanical energy of the rotational motion of the output shaft of an air motor.

Known bellows pneumatic engine containing a common output shaft and rotary bellows installed in the housing on radial stops (SU 1181888 A, 09/30/1985).

The bellows used in this engine has low strength and low reliability.

An object of the invention is to increase engine reliability.

This task is achieved by the fact that the bellows pneumatic engine, containing a common output shaft and rotary bellows mounted in a housing on radial stops, contains at least two similar functional blocks with rotary shafts in which said bellows are mounted, while the blocks are mechanically combined by their rotary shafts with the ability to work bellows in blocks in antiphase, while one of the blocks is equipped with a direct overrunning clutch to transmit the corresponding rotary movement of the slide the main elements of the combined blocks to a common output shaft of the engine, and the other block is equipped with a reversible overrunning clutch for converting the reverse movement of the moving elements of the blocks to the opposite with the possibility of converting it into unidirectional rotation with the output rotation of the first overrunning clutch, while these overrunning clutches are connected by a longitudinal central shaft for transmitting the resulting resulting unidirectional rotation to a common motor output shaft.

In addition, in a bellows pneumatic engine, the functional blocks in which the rotary bellows are mounted are made with different sizes of rotary bellows that perceive the pressure of the working gas.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the air motor, figure 2 - section bb In figure 1, figure 3 - section aa figure 1, figure 4 - place a figure 2, figure 5 - section CC of Fig. 1.

In the drawings shown.

1 - the outer casing (stator) of the first block; 2 - the stator of the second block; 3 - persistent elements of the stator; 4 - internal holes; 5 - contour of a fixed diaphragm; 6 - nozzle for supplying working gas from the control valve system; 7 - conventionally designated radial gas channel of the 2nd block; 8 - overrunning clutch of the 2nd block; 9 - auxiliary output shaft of the 2nd block; 10 - a combined output shaft of the engine; 11 - auxiliary output shaft of the reverse of the 1st block; 12 - reverse overrunning clutch of the 1st block; 13 - end flange; 14 - power rotary drive of the 1st block; 15 - keyed insert; 16 - power rotary drive of the 2nd block; 17 - auxiliary central shaft of the power (rotational) connection of overrunning clutches of the 1st and 2nd blocks; 18 - communication ring of 2 rotary drives; 19 - conditionally, the initial position of the rotary drive in the 1st block and the direction of its subsequent movement; 20 - rotary bellows in a compressed state; 21 - an external stepwise conductor; 22 - diaphragm rotary bellows with peripheral fastening of the elastic membrane; 23 - elastic membrane rotary bellows; 24 - diaphragm rotary bellows with an internal membrane mount; 25 - rotary bellows in an extremely extended state; 26 - angle of working rotation.

The proposed air motor consists of two (or more) fundamentally similar and mirror-docked blocks with external fixed (stator) cases (1 and 2) and end flanges 13. Inside the cases, the stator stops 3 are rigidly fixed, for example, in the form of a set of fixed plates, with the formation corresponding cylindrical and radial stator stops. On the radial stator stops 3 fixed end fixed diaphragms (5) of rotary bellows (20 and 25).

The bellows in block 1 are installed so that they work out of phase with the bellows in block 2, i.e. when in the 1st block the bellows are in an extremely compressed state (20), then in the second block, on the contrary, in an extremely extended state (25).

Rotary bellows of the air motor are mounted on rotary actuators 14 and 16 of the first and second blocks, respectively, with external 21 and internal 27 step conductors for the subsequent output of the bellows diaphragms to the required working extension up to the limit (25).

The stator block 2 in its end part is equipped with a direct-acting overrunning clutch 8, which unidirectionally transmits the rotation of the pneumatic motor's movable drives to the shaft 9 and the combined output shaft 10. The other block (1) is also equipped with its overrunning clutch 12 from the front part, but of a reversible type, which respectively, converts the movement of the movable drives of the paired blocks to the opposite, that is, converts into a rotation unidirectional with the previous rotation of the auxiliary shaft 9 and the combined shaft 10.

In view of the foregoing, the proposed air motor operates as follows.

From a specific external source of high and ultra-high pressure, the working gas is supplied to the control valve system (not shown in the drawing) and then through the corresponding inlet nipples 6, radial channels 7 and longitudinal - 26, the gas flows to the internal inlets 4 of only those rotary bellows (for example, shown in the drawing inside the 2nd block), which are in the working cycle of their sliding to the extremely extended state 25, when the moving ends of the bellows of both paired blocks reach the stator stops 3. O at the same time, from the out-of-phase bellows (shown in the drawing inside the 1st unit), in this working cycle, forced blowing of the working gas to the exhaust is carried out with possible heat recovery. During this working cycle, the movable elements of the paired blocks transmit their rotation (by the angle α), as indicated above, to the shaft 9 and to the common output shaft 10.

The subsequent working cycle is carried out in a similar way with the supply of working gas now to the rotary bellows of another block (in the state considered in the drawing, to the first block). The resulting reverse rotation of the movable bellows of the paired units (also by an angle α) is already perceived only by the reversible clutch 12, transferred to the reverse shaft 11 and simultaneously through the mounted central shaft 17 (connecting the specified overrunning clutches 8 and 12) obtained in this way in the second cycle the resulting unidirectional rotation is transmitted to the common output shaft 10 of the air motor.

In some cases, it is advisable to make one of the bellows units of the proposed air motors with a relatively larger area of rotary bellows. This makes it possible to use relatively lower working gas pressures in such an enlarged block, making it possible to use, for example, gas cascades with different pressures.

To change the direction of rotation of the output shaft of the proposed air motor, well-known technical devices for additional reversal of overrunning clutches of the air motor are used.

Claims (2)

1. A bellows pneumatic motor containing a common output shaft and rotary bellows mounted in a housing on radial stops, characterized in that it contains at least two similar functional blocks with rotary shafts in which said bellows are mounted, the blocks being mechanically combined their rotary shafts with the ability to work bellows in blocks in antiphase, while one of the blocks is equipped with a direct overrunning clutch to transmit the corresponding rotary movement of the movable elements of the combined blocks to the common output shaft of the engine, and the other block is equipped with a reversible overrunning clutch for converting the reverse movement of the moving elements of the blocks to the opposite with the possibility of converting it into unidirectional rotation with the output rotation of the first overrunning clutch, while these overrunning clutches are connected by a longitudinal central shaft for transmission the resulting resulting unidirectional rotation to a common motor output shaft. 2. The bellows pneumatic engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the functional units in which the rotary type bellows are mounted are made with a different area of the rotary bellows sensing the working gas pressure.

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