RU2402196C1 - Method for collection and partial processing of drowned, waterlogged and floating wood - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to forest industry and is intended for collection and partial processing of drowned, waterlogged and floating wood. Method includes collection of floating and drowned wood, processing of collected wood on floater by means of root system and top disconnection, washing of root system from soil, crosscutting of tree-length material, chipping tops and root system into pulpchips, supply into float cradles, where they are bound in bundles, using flat-bottomed barge as the floater. The novelty is the fact that collected wood is primarily processed through a certain grading of shortwood, by means of its their cutting by a length of 5.5 m, with their further feed to receiving section of conveyor, and remaining part of tree-length material with length of up to 7.5 m is dropped into float cradle arranged upstream saw. ^ EFFECT: increased efficiency of wood collection works by raw materials preparation for production of saw timber of a certain length from this wood.

Description

The invention relates to the forest industry and is intended for the collection and partial processing of flooded, semi-flooded and floating wood.

A known method of collecting and processing floating wood using floating plants. The essence of the method is that all substandard wood collected from the coast or raised from the bottom is fed into the working area of the floating workshop. The floating workshop is equipped with a manipulator, a debarker with a closed cycle of water treatment, chipping or slasher plants, and is also equipped with mechanisms for forming soft containers of elastic material and placing chopped wood in them.

The floating workshop moves through the water to the places of wood accumulation and is installed in areas protected from direct wind and microwave exposure. A floating power plant, administrative and household premises are located near the workshop.

From fuel-lifting units, units for collecting half-sunken wood, wood pickers on dies or in barges, in wallets, rafts, wood is fed by boats to the receiving devices of the floating workshop.

The wood brought to the workshop by manipulators and conveyors is fed to the washing and debarking device, and from there to the chopping device. Sorted chips or lump materials accumulate in a floating vehicle directly on the water, bypassing transshipment to the shore or ship. Filled containers are sealed by welding the container material with high-frequency currents, equipped with rigging elements and launched into the water. The containers are fastened together and towed by boats to unloading racks of wood consumers (O. Onoshko. Resource-saving technology for delivering timber in rafts from containers / O.A. Onoshko // Forest transport in rafts: collection of Central Transport Research Institute Ilesosplav. - M .: Lesnaya industry, 1987. - S.13-17).

The disadvantage of this method is the need to attract a large number of technical means, which requires high capital investments.

A known method of collecting and processing floating wood, based on a mobile floating complex of machines. The work is carried out as follows. Floating wood (logs, whips or whole trees) is collected in the water area of the reservoir and delivered to the complex in wallets for towing tow boats. The ends of the wallet cable are then attached to the reels of mooring winches located on the platform. As you take the wood to the platform, the wallet cable is wound with mooring winches.

Logs and trees are unloaded onto the platform with the main cranes rhizome (or butt) forward to the platform. With a saw device, the stump is separated from the tree, split into pieces, washed, removing dirt and stones. An auxiliary crane sends chopped and washed stumps to the chipper funnel.

After separating the stump, the main crane guides the tree or the whip into the delimbing and cutting device. In this case, the detachable crown and branches are fed into the receiving funnel of the chipper. Round timber on the guide table falls into the drive. Here the logs are rallied into bundles, which are then led to the forming section, where a raft is formed from them. Chips from the chipper are delivered via a pneumatic pipeline either to the shore or to a chip barge (Mobile floating machine for developing wood in reservoirs // Forest exploitation and timber rafting: Express-Inform. Foreign experience / VNIPIEIlesprom; issue 6. - M., 1988 . - S.6-13).

The disadvantage of this method is the installation of self-propelled cranes on pontoons without first removing the chassis, which will not allow the complex to work in the presence of strong excitement, in addition, the complex has a relatively high cost.

The invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of the collection and partial processing of flooded, semi-flooded and floating wood.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the collection and partial processing of flooded, semi-flooded and floating wood by harvesting raw materials for the production of lumber of a certain length from this wood.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of collecting and partial processing of flooded, semi-flooded and floating wood, including the collection of floating and flooded wood, processing the collected wood on a floating base by separating the root system and the crown, washing the root system from the ground, bucking the whips, chopping peaks and root system to technological chips, feeding into raft cradles where they are bundled into bunches, using flat-bottomed barges as a floating base and, it is new that the primary processing of the harvested wood is carried out, which consists in a certain sorting of the assortments by sawing assortments to a length of 5.5 m, followed by their feeding to the receiving section of the conveyor, and the rest of the whip up to 7.5 m long is dumped into a raft cradle located in front of the saw.

To achieve the specified technical result, a system of machines is used that works along the coastline at depths of up to 15 m in places of concentration of flooded, semi-flooded and floating wood, which is ensured by the use of flat-bottomed barges as floating bases.

The unit for lifting and partial processing of wood, moving along the coastal edge, collects semi-flooded wood and partially raises floating logs. If there is sufficient depth, dried wood located on the shores is also collected and, if possible, the manipulator knocks over falling trees washed by the waves.

In the wake of the unit, the fuel-lifting unit LS-41 moves, collecting the flooded wood. The collected raw materials are placed on a die moored at the side of the LS-41. After filling the die, it is towed to the unit for further processing of wood. The function of the tug will be performed by the boat pr. 433.

Collection and partial processing of flooded, semi-flooded and floating wood are carried out as follows. After pulling out a half-flooded tree, the manipulator puts it on a special platform where the root system is separated. After separation of the root system, the whips are scrubbed into 2 or more assortments and fed into the raft cradles. Tops and low-quality assortments are crushed into chips. The separated root system is washed from the ground and fed to the cutting unit, and then crushed to wood chips. The resulting wood chips are poured by pneumatic transport onto the deck of the die, or loaded into elastic containers and delivered to consumers.

After filling the raft cradles, workers make bundles. The bundles thrown into the water by an auxiliary boat are transported to the section formation site. Formed sections by tug pr. 433 are transported to the unloading raid.

An example implementation of the method.

After pulling out a half-flooded tree with a manipulator

they put it on a special platform where the measles system is separated using the MP-5 Ural-2M gas-powered saw. The top of the tree is supported by special beams protruding 1.5 m overboard of the floating base. To avoid skewing the tree during the separation of the root system, the platform and beam are located at the same height from the cargo waterline (GVL).

After separation of the root system, the whip is laid by the manipulator on the receiving sections of the LT-20 conveyor.

Whips are served under the balancing saw AC-2M, where the primary processing of harvested wood is carried out, which consists in a certain sorting of assortments into 2 or more assortments. First, the assortment is cut to a length of 5.5 m. Assortments of this length are moved to the receiving section of the LT-20 conveyor, which ensures their discharge into the cradle. The rest of the whip up to 7.5 m in length is discharged into a raft cradle located in front of the saw. The LT-20 conveyor has a reverse stroke, which makes it possible to return the remaining part of the whip after cutting back and dump it into the cradle. Tops and low-quality assortments are sawn with a gasoline saw on a special flyover. The resulting pieces, if necessary, are fed manually to the hydraulic splitter KG-8A. After that, small pieces are fed into the chipper MRNP-10-1, where they are crushed into wood chips.

The separated root system by the Forester-25100 manipulator, located on the left side of the unit, moves from the cutting site to the flushing area, where the root system is flushed from the ground with the help of a strong water pressure created by the pump. After that, the system is fed by the manipulator to the receiving conveyor of the upgraded bucking unit LO-50A.

From the port side of the unit, the ZTT ramp is moored. Its mooring is carried out with the help of ropes and bollards. Wood chips caught by the air flow through the pipeline and loading nozzles are poured onto the deck deck, fenced with special shields, or loaded into elastic containers of MLTI. After loading the chips, the die plate is replaced by an empty one, and the loaded die plate is towed by tug boat pr 433 to the unloading raid.

Next to the chip cutter for wood chips, the boot cutter is loaded with flooded wood collected by LS-41. Its unloading is carried out by an auxiliary manipulator.

The whip by the Forester-25100 manipulator is fed to a cutting pad, where the root system is separated. Next, the whip is fed to the receiving section of the LT-20 conveyor, and the root system is first fed to the washing site. After washing, it is fed with the same manipulator to the receiving conveyor of the loosing unit LO-50A. Further, the processing of raw materials proceeds similarly to the case with the work of the main manipulator.

After filling the raft cradles, the operation of the ATs-2M saw temporarily stops. Workers strapping bundles hanging on steel ropes. Ropes are tensioned or loosened by hand winches (or electric). The bundles thrown into the water by an auxiliary boat pr.433 are transported to the place where the sections are formed. Formed sections by tug pr. 433 are transported to the unloading raid.

Electricity is produced by the EL-200-V diesel power station.

The use of the invention allows to increase labor productivity and reduce capital investments during the collection and partial processing of flooded, semi-flooded and floating wood.

Claims (1)

A method for collecting and partial processing of flooded, semi-flooded and floating wood, including collecting floating and flooded wood, processing the collected wood on a floating base by separating the root system and the crown, washing the root system from the ground, bucking the whips, chopping the tops and root system into chips, feeding into raft cradles, where they are bundled into bundles, using a flat-bottomed barge as a floating base, characterized in that they are primary processing Referring timber, consisting in particular assortments sorting by sawing logs to the length of 5.5 m, followed by feeding them to the receiving conveyor section and the remaining portion of the whip length 7.5 m splotochnuyu discharged into a cradle disposed in front of the saw.