RU2401663C1 - Method of treatment and prevention of dental caries and gingivitis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry and can be used for treatment and prevention of dental caries and gingivitis. For this purpose cotton tampons, soaked with medicinal oil, are applied on gum parts and changed tooth enamel for 20 minutes 2-3 times per day. Oil is prepared by infusion of 1 part of vegetable raw material on 5 parts of olive oil at t 85°-90° for 5 hours. Ratio of raw material components constitutes, wt, pt.: rhizomes and roots of great burnet - 1.0; flowers of pot marigold - 1.0; cloves buds - 0.2. Into obtained oil 1 ml of 0.02% of ecdysterone in ethyl alcohol is added.

EFFECT: method ensures high degree of affected tissue regeneration, good bactericidal and anesthetic action, reduction and complete termination of gum bleeding, elimination of hyperemia and edema, disappearance of chalk-like enamel spots with absence of any negative impacts on tissues of teeth and periodontium.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, and for the treatment and prevention of dental caries and gingivitis using phytotherapeutic agents. Tooth decay is currently the most common human disease. The prevalence of caries in children ranges from 60-95%, and its intensity is represented by almost all levels according to the WHO classification, from low to very high (4.6-8). By the age of 6, the prevalence of decay of permanent teeth was 52.5%, and the KPU index averaged 0.7; by the age of 12, the moment of eruption of all permanent teeth, the intensity of caries increased to 6.6; by 15 years, the average number of caries-affected teeth in some regions reached 8.0 [1].

The early manifestations of periodontal diseases of an inflammatory nature are recorded at the age of 10 to 20 years, 80% of children suffer from catarrhal gingivitis. Epidemiological studies of the population of various regions of our country indicate a high prevalence of inflammatory changes in periodontal disease in various age groups, for example, among schoolchildren in Moscow at the age of 10 years, catarrhal gingivitis was detected in 69%, 12 years old in 77%, 15 years old in 87% of the examined [ 2, 3].

Currently known drugs, including herbal origin, which are used for these diseases. However, each of them has a significant drawback in that they do not provide a reparative effect in the presence of different effects in each of them, leading to a temporary improvement.

Our goal was to develop a method for the treatment and prevention of dental caries and gingivitis, which would provide a pronounced regenerative effect, as well as a bactericidal, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, capillary-strengthening, analgesic effect, in the absence of negative side effects.

The problem is solved in that the method of treatment and prevention of dental caries and gingivitis consists in the use of a drug - medical oil obtained from rhizomes with the roots of the blood hemorrhage (1 part by weight), flowers of medicinal marigolds (1 part by weight), clove buds (0.2 parts by weight) as follows: the dried and crushed raw materials of these plants were poured with olive oil in a ratio of raw oil of 1: 5 and extraction was carried out at a temperature of 85-90 ° C for 5 hours. To the resulting oil was added in an amount of 0.02% ecdysterone, previously dissolved in 1 ml of ethyl alcohol.

The resulting preparation is a slightly yellow oily liquid with a greenish tint and a faint balsamic odor.

Rhizomes and roots of the hemoptysis have an astringent, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, bactericidal effect.

Marigold flowers have a bactericidal effect on coccal microflora, have a well-defined anti-inflammatory and epithelizing effect, have a beneficial effect in purulent processes, etc.

Carnation buds have an antiseptic effect, deodorize the drug, etc.

All components of the drug are well compatible, provide synergy of action.

Substances with high reparative activity include ecdysteroids, which have strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. We obtained these compounds from the berry blister (Cucubalus baccifes Z.) and the species of Smene (Silene sp.) Of the clove family [4, 5].

The resulting preparation has good regenerative, analgesic, wound healing, bactericidal properties in the absence of any negative effects on the tissues of the teeth and periodontium. The method of treatment he provides for the treatment and prevention of dental caries in the stage of spots and catarrhal gingivitis.

Clinical studies of the proposed method of treatment using the drug cariesan was carried out on the basis of the dental clinic of Ryazan State Medical University. Acad. I.P. Pavlova. Patients (44 people), aged 12 to 25 years of both sexes, with caries in the spot stage and mild chronic catarrhal gingivitis who were on outpatient treatment were treated.

All patients were divided into the main (22 people) and control groups (22 people). Patients of the main group for the treatment and prevention of caries in the stain stage and catarrhal gingivitis used medical oil obtained from the rhizomes and roots of the blood hemorrhage, medicinal marigold flowers, clove buds of the proposed method of treatment 3 times a day after eating and brushing your teeth. Patients in the control group used a method of treating dental caries in the stage of stains and gingivitis of known composition.

For an objective assessment of the condition of tooth enamel and periodontal tissues, the following indicators were determined: determination of the functional state of enamel (TER - test), Silnes and Loe index, gingivitis index (RMA).

TER - test is an assessment of the resistance of hard tooth tissues to acid. On a pre-washed with distilled water and dried vestibular surface of the central upper incisor with a glass rod, one drop of a 1N hydrochloric acid solution with a diameter of 2 mm is applied. After 5 seconds, the acid is washed off with distilled water and the tooth surface is dried. The depth of the microdefect of etching of enamel is estimated by the intensity of its staining with a 1% solution of methylene blue. The degree of coloring depends on the depth of damage to the enamel and is evaluated using a blue reference scale. A 10-pole Blue scale is used, in which each strip is taken as 10%. The staining intensity of up to 30% characterizes the normal acid resistance of the teeth. Indicators of the TER test from 40% and above, on the contrary, indicate a decrease in the acid resistance of enamel [6].

The Silnes and Loe method is based on determining the amount of soft plaque in the gingival region (the doctor passes the tip of a blunt probe along the neck of the tooth, slightly entering the gingival groove), its amount is expressed in arbitrary units or points. If there is absolutely no plaque on the tip of the probe, the rating is “0”. If a small amount of plaque is determined, then a rating of "1". If the doctor sees a thin layer of plaque near the neck of the tooth, and its amount on the probe is significant - a rating of "2". If visually in the gingival region a significant amount of plaque and food residues is determined - this is "3". A method for determining plaque thickness is carried out in area 1.6; 2.1; 2.4; 3.6; 4.1; 4.4 is usually from the buccal side, but for greater accuracy, the amount of plaque is also determined from the palatine (lingual) side. The sum of indicators in the area of all teeth is divided by the number of teeth [7].

The PMA index is used only to study the initial changes in periodontal disease, which is why it is called the gingivitis index. According to Massler and Schour, inflammation of the papilla (P) is estimated as 1, inflammation of the gingival margin (M) - 2, inflammation of the alveolar gum (A) - 3. The digital value of the PMA index is the sum of the indicators of the status of the marginal periodontium of all available teeth and is always expressed as an integer. Parma proposed its modification of the PMA index to express its percentage value. The PMA index, according to Parma, is calculated as follows:

Gingivitis index = sum × 100/3 × number of teeth.

The index value of 30% or less indicates a mild degree of gingivitis, 31-60% - moderate severity, 61% and higher - severe [6].

Example 1

Patient N., 15 years old, came to the basic dental clinic at the Department of Therapeutic and Pediatric Dentistry of Ryazan State Medical University on September 10, 2008 with complaints of soreness, pain from sour and bleeding gums when brushing teeth.

On examination, an abundance of soft plaque was revealed. The level of hygiene is low. Silnes and Loe index = 1.5. Under the plaque, on the proximal surface of the upper incisors and canines, lower canines and in the cervical region of the lower premolar and molars, there are chalk-like spots with fuzzy round contours, painless when probed, rough, the surface layer is scraped off during excavation. With vital drying - spots without shine. The TER - test indicator is 60%. CPU = 15. The gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is hyperemic, swollen, loose, bleeds when probed. RMA index 21%. On a panoramic radiograph - the absence of resorption of interdental septa.

The diagnosis was established: 1. fast-flowing focal demineralization of 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7 teeth;

2. mild chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis.

The following treatment was performed.

The first visit was on September 10, 2008 - they performed mechanical cleaning of teeth from plaque using a brush and polishing paste that does not contain fluorine, treatment with 1% hydrogen peroxide solution, air drying, applications on the gums and areas of changed enamel of cotton swabs soaked with the drug for 20 minutes. After the application, it is recommended to refuse food and liquid for 1 hour. The patient was trained in the standard method of brushing, and personal hygiene products were selected. At home - applications on pre-dried gum and teeth of cotton swabs, soaked in the drug for 20 minutes 3 times a day after brushing your teeth.

Second visit: 09/17/2008. On examination, there was a lack of soft plaque, Silnes index and Loe = 0.67. The TER test indicator is 30%. The gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is slightly hyperemic, swollen. No bleeding. PMA Index 16%. Continues application with cariesan.

Third visit: 09/23/2008. No complaints. On examination, the absence of soft plaque was found, the Silnes index and Loe = 0.33. The TER test rate is 20%. The gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is pale pink, moderately moist, without pathological changes. No bleeding.

Example 2

Patient M., 24 years old, turned to the basic dental clinic at the Department of Therapeutic and Pediatric Dentistry of Ryazan State Medical University on 05/03/2008 with complaints of bleeding gums in the morning when brushing her teeth, bad breath. On examination, the gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is swollen, hyperemic, loose, bleeding when probed. RMA Index 27%. Silnes and Loe index = 2. On a panoramic radiograph - the absence of resorption of interdental septa.

Diagnosed with mild chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis.

The following treatment was carried out - the first visit: 05/03/2008 - mechanical cleaning of teeth from plaque using a brush and polishing paste that does not contain fluorine, treatment with 1% hydrogen peroxide solution, air drying, application of cotton swabs soaked with the drug for 20 minutes . After the application, it is recommended to refuse food and liquid for 1 hour. The patient was trained in the standard method of brushing, and personal hygiene products were selected. At home - applications on pre-dried gum cotton swabs, impregnated with the drug 3 times a day after brushing your teeth.

Second visit: 05/10/2008, no complaints. Objectively, the absence of soft plaque, Silnes and Loe index = 1.0. The gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is slightly hyperemic and edematous. No bleeding. PMA Index 18%. Continues application with the drug.

Third visit: May 16, 2008. No complaints. On examination, the absence of soft plaque was found, the Silnes index and Loe = 0.33. The gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is pale pink, moderately moist, without pathological changes. No bleeding.

Example 3

Patient L., 16 years old, went to the basic dental clinic at the department of therapeutic and pediatric dentistry of Ryazan State Medical University on April 18, 2008 with complaints of bleeding gums when brushing her teeth and a feeling of soreness and pain from sour and sweet.

On examination, an abundance of soft plaque was revealed. The level of hygiene is low. Silnes and Loe index = 1.5. Under the plaque in the cervical region of the upper premolars and molars and lower molars, there are chalk-shaped spots with fuzzy oval contours, smooth, painless when probed. During vital drying, spots without shine. The TER test indicator is 50%. CPU = 14. The gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is hyperemic, swollen, loose, bleeds when probed. PMA Index 20%. On a panoramic radiograph - the absence of resorption of interdental septa.

The diagnosis was established: 1. fast-flowing focal demineralization of 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 3.6, 3.7, 4.6, 4.7 teeth;

2. mild chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis.

The following treatment was performed. The first visit was on April 18, 2008, they performed mechanical cleaning of teeth from plaque using a brush and polishing paste that does not contain fluorine, treatment with 1% hydrogen peroxide solution, air drying, applications on the gum and sections of the changed enamel of cotton swabs moistened with the solution for 20 minutes. After the application, it is recommended to refuse food and liquid for 1 hour. The patient was trained in the standard method of brushing, and personal hygiene products were selected. At home - applications on pre-dried gum and teeth of cotton swabs, impregnated with the drug 3 times a day after brushing your teeth.

Second visit: 04/25/2008. On examination, there was a lack of soft plaque, Silnes index and Loe = 0.67. The TER test rate is 30%. The gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is slightly hyperemic, swollen. No bleeding. PMA Index 15%. Continues application with the drug.

Third visit: 05/03/2008. No complaints. On examination, there was a lack of soft plaque, Silnes index and Loe = 0.67. The TER test indicator is 10%. The gum in the area of all teeth of the upper and lower jaw is pale pink, moderately moist, without pathological changes. No bleeding.

The main clinical effects in the main group were manifested in a decrease and complete cessation of bleeding gums 3 days after the start of treatment, a decrease in hyperemia and swelling of the gums 4-6 days after the start of treatment, disappearance of chalk spots on the 10-14 day of treatment.

Clinical indicators characterizing the state of hard tissues of the tooth and periodontium in patients of the examined groups immediately after the course of treatment and a month after the end of treatment did not differ significantly, which suggests a stable remission of the pathological process.

Thus, the claimed method for the treatment and prevention of dental caries and gingivitis provides a high degree of regeneration of affected tissues, a good bactericidal and analgesic effect in the absence of any negative effects on dental tissue and periodontal disease, which indicates the high effectiveness of the treatment and prevention of dental caries in the spot stage and catarrhal gingivitis.

Information sources

1. Kuzmina E.M. The prevalence and intensity of caries in the population of Russia / E.M. Kuzmina // Clinical Dentistry. - 1998.-№1. - S.36-40.

2. Kuryakina N.V., Kutepova T.F. Periodontal disease / N.V. Kuryakina M .: Medical book. - 2003. - 251 p.

3. Danilevsky N.F., Borisenko A.V. Periodontal disease / N.F. Danilevsky - Kiev: I am healthy. - 2000 .-- 464 p.

4. Darmogray V.N., Fursa N.S., Darmogray S.V. Ecdysteroids of the Berry Blister (Cucubalus baccifez Z.) / V.N. Darmograi // Successes in modern science. - 2006. - No. 5. - S. 95.

5. Darmogray V.N. Ecdysteroids of certain plant species of the clove family // Resource and Pharmacological Study of the Medicinal Flora of the USSR: Scientific. tr VNIIF - M., 1987. - V.25. - S.111-113.

6. Kuryakina N.V., Savelyeva N.A. Prophylactic dentistry / N.V. Kuryakina - M .: Medical book. - 2003. - 288 p.

7. Bezrukova I.V., Grudyanov F.I. Aggressive forms of periodontitis / I.V. Bezrukova - M .: Medical Information Agency. - 2002. - 127 p.

Claims (1)

A method for the treatment and prevention of dental caries and gingivitis, which consists of applying cotton swabs impregnated with medical oil 2-3 times a day for 20 minutes to gum and altered tooth enamel, which is prepared by infusion at a temperature of 85-90 ° C for 5 hours in 5 parts of olive oil 1 part of vegetable raw materials in the following ratio of components of the raw material, parts by weight: rhizomes and roots of the hemorrhagic drug - 1.0; flowers of medicinal marigolds - 1.0; clove buds - 0.2; moreover, in the resulting oil add 1 ml of a 0.02% solution of ecdysterone on ethanol.