RU2400052C1 - Ground heap rotor separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agricultural machine building and can be used in machinery for heap processing. The ground heap rotor separator contains two separation screws with different direction of spiral winding, the screws arranged in parallel. From below the screws are encompassed by a sieve with a feeding tray. Arranged under the sieve are fractions discharge trays and a transporter screw. The screws are installed in counter-phase, their centres positioned at a distance of

where D - outer diametre of the separation screws spirals, d -outer diametre of the screws bearing pipe.

EFFECT: rotor separator ensuring highly effective ground heap separation with removal of coarse-grained straw impurities therefrom.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for processing heaps, for example, flax.

Known rotary separator (AS USSR No. 219311, CL. 45e, 7/30 1968), including two rotors made in the form of intermittent screws, covered from below by separating gratings. On the outer surface of the rotors are installed equally directed discontinuous spirals, in the spaces between which spring fingers are installed. The fingers, like the spirals of one rotor, are offset relative to the same elements of the other rotor by an amount equal to about half the pitch of the spiral.

The technological process of this device consists in the fact that the separated material captured by the spiral of one screw moves along the sieve surface along the axis of the rotor until it meets fingers that grab and transfer it through the top perpendicular to the axis of the rotor into the zone of action of the spiral of the other rotor. This spiral again moves the heap along the axis of the rotor until it meets the fingers of the same rotor, which transfer it through the top again to the zone of the spiral of the first rotor. Further, the cycle of movements of the heap is repeated many times. Thus, the separated material periodically makes movements along the axis of the rotors, then across and is thrown by fingers through the top from one rotor to another.

The disadvantage of this device is that when the rotors rotate, the stem mass (flax tangles) will be wound on the teeth of the rotors, because of which the process will be disrupted, and this rotary separator will be inoperative.

Known grain heap separator (patent RU No. 2038739, CL. A01F 12/44 of 1995), including screw conveyors, each of which has a means of mixing the heap in the form of combs, mounted radially on its shaft, a mesh wavy bottom, under which there are funds moving the heap and fan, while the elements of the combs on the periphery have a curved shape, the concave part facing the direction of rotation of the screw.

The technological process of the grain heap separator is similar to the process carried out by the previous rotary separator with the difference that the heap is turned by curved combs.

The disadvantage of this separator is the winding of the tangles of flax (stem mass) on curved combs, causing clogging of the elements of combs and disruption of the technological process.

Known grain heap separator (patent RU No. 2101909 Cl. A01F 12/44, 1998, a prototype), containing screw conveyors having means of mixing a heap, a mesh wavy bottom, under which there is a means of moving the heap and a fan. The means of mixing the heap are combs, the elements of which are made in the form of steps directed from the axis of the screw to the periphery in the direction opposite to the rotation of the screw.

In the process, the separated mass is fed into the screw conveyors and moved by them along the wavy bottom. Upon reaching the mesh zone, the heap is captured by combs and moves in the transverse direction. In this case, the grain located in the layers closest to the comb is separated from the heap, passes between the elements of the comb and enters the mesh zone, where it passes through its holes. The remaining heap on the comb is transferred to the adjacent screw conveyor, which moves it to the next zone of action of the combs. These combs, producing mixing, again transfer material to the zone of action of the first screw. This process is repeated many times.

A disadvantage of the known grain heap separator is the low reliability of the process due to the winding of the stem mass on the combs and the insufficient efficiency of the separation of the heap in the lower zone between the rotating augers and the mesh bottom.

In this zone, the heap lying on the mesh surface of the bottom is not affected by either combs or screws, since the gap between the ends of the elements of combs, screws and the bottom is excessively large and it is not possible to reduce it in this design. The heap located on this site remains motionless, as a result of which a significant part of the mesh surface of the bottom is excluded from work and the quality of separation is reduced.

The problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation of the rubbed heap in the allocation of large straw impurities (flax confusion) from it.

The problem is solved by installing in the rotary separator of a grain pile of two rotors in the form of two parallel separating screws, the spirals of which with the opposite winding are installed in antiphase, that is, when the spiral of one screw is at the top and the spiral of the other is at the bottom, while the centers of the screws set apart from each other

и

где D - наружный диаметр спиралей шнеков, d - наружный диаметр несущей трубы шнеков.

and

where D is the outer diameter of the spirals of the screws, d is the outer diameter of the supporting pipe of the screws.

Such a ratio of diameters d and D is necessary so that the material being transferred from one screw to another does not hit the supporting pipe, but passes below it. This prevents the transfer of material through the top of the screws and the active mixing of the heap along the height of the layer, which increases the efficiency of the separation of the material into large straw and fine grain fractions.

During operation, the screws rotate in opposite directions. With this rotation, the heap is periodically moved from one side to the other without active tedding of the material along the height of the particles. Moving the heap horizontally when a small fraction falling to the surface of the sieve does not fall back into the upper layers (as in the presence of combs, agitators, etc.), but continues to move in the lower part, which ensures the greatest efficiency of the technological process.

The separated material in the process of moving by screws along the sieve in a zigzag manner, moving in both transverse and axial directions.

The claimed invention is illustrated by drawings.

In Fig.1 shows a rotary separator frayed heap, General view, a perspective view; figure 2 is the same, a section aa in figure 1.

The rotary grinder heap separator contains two parallel-mounted separating screws 1 with different spiral winding directions 2, a sieve 3, covering the screws 1 from the bottom, with a loading tray 4, a transporting screw 5 located under the sieve 3, receiving trays 6, 7 for fractions unloading, an electric motor 8 mounted on frame 9.

The centers of the separating screws 1 are installed at a distance

where - D is the outer diameter of the spirals 2 screws 1; d is the outer diameter of the bearing pipe of the screws 1.

The separating screws 1 are in antiphase, i.e. when the portion of the spiral 2 of one screw is in the upper position, the section of the other screw is in the lower position at the same length.

The outer diameter d of the carrier pipe of the separating screws 1 is made less than the outer diameter D of the spirals 2 of the screws 1 by more than 4 times.

The sieve 3 in cross section is made in the form of two sections of arcs, intersecting circles of diameter D, cut off by a straight line below the level of the centers of the separating screws 1.

Rotary separator chopped heap works as follows.

The initial heap is fed through the loading tray 4 to the sieve 3 with a cylindrical surface, where it is picked up by the spiral 2 of the rotating screw 1 and, dragging along the surface of the sieve, is thrown into the zone of action of another screw installed in antiphase with respect to the first, i.e., when the section of the spiral 2 of one screw is in the upper position, the section of the other screw at the same length is in the lower position. In this case, the material transferred is shifted somewhat in the axial direction and does not hit the supporting pipe of the screw 1, but passes below it, does not transfer through the top of the screw 1, except for mixing the heap along the height of the layer due to the fact that the centers of the separating screws 1 are installed at a distance

и

and

where D is the outer diameter of the spirals of the screws 1, d is the outer diameter of the carrier pipe of the screws 1. Then the spiral of the second screw, going to the heap thrown by the first screw, returns it back, also displacing it somewhat forward in the axial direction.

This multiple movement of the pile of spirals of screws 1 from side to side provides its zigzag movement on the sieve 3 without significant mixing between the upper and lower layers of the separated material. In the process of zigzag movement of the heap along the sieve 3, small particles (bolls, seeds, etc.) are concentrated in the lower layer closer to the separating surface, and large impurities (flax stems, weeds) are transshipped at the top.

Passed through the sieve 3 small heap transporting screw 5 is fed into the receiving tray 6 for unloading. Confusion and weed stalks are ejected through tray 7.

The use of the proposed rotary separator of chopped heap can reduce grain loss by increasing the efficiency of separation of chopped heap when separating from it large straw impurities.

Claims (4)

1. The rotary separator of the rubbed heap, containing two parallel mounted separating augers with different directions of spiral winding, a sieve covering them from below, transporting the auger under the sieve, characterized in that the centers of the separating augers are

at a distance where D is the outer diameter of the spirals of the separating screws, d is the outer diameter of the supporting pipe of the screws. 2. The rotary separator of the rubbed heap according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating screws are in antiphase, i.e. when the portion of the spiral of one screw is in the upper position, the portion of the other screw on the same length is in the lower position. 3. The rotary grinder heap separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer diameter d of the carrier pipe of the separating screws should be less than 4 times less than the outer diameter D of the spirals of the separating screws. 4. The rotary grinder heap separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieve in cross section is made in the form of two sections of arcs of intersecting circles of diameter D, cut off by a straight line below the level of the centers of the separating screws.

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