RU2399498C1 - Method of automobile motion on motor-road and device to this end, urban motorway (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction and operation of urban motorways Front and rear wheel on one side of automobile run in metal guide strip secured on road along traffic lane. Automobile steering wheel is set into neutral position, while said metal strip sets up wheel run direction. Said metal guide can represent a chute to accommodate tires of front and rear whhels on one side of automobile. Guide strip cross section can have horizontal and vertical parts. Note here that vertical part represents a rib that enters unobstructed into annular groove made on metal sick of aforesaid wheels on automobile outer side to provide interaction with guide strip. To enter and move down at whatever road section, a shoe can be used comprising case with site and slope for wheel to run on and off. Wheel disk outer side can have a boss with annular groove along its edges, or, incompliance with the other version, additional disk can be secured to main disk arranged sideways of wheel tire. Note here that outer round surface of said additional disk has additional circular groove. Urban motorway carriageway comprises overpass made up of superstructure fitted on supports and represents two metal lengthwise strips with free space there between. Each strip has vertical rib on its outer side.

EFFECT: high-safety traffic, better stability.

12 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and operation of high-speed roads intended for heavy traffic of vehicles, and can be used for the safe movement of cars, mainly for passenger vehicles.

Currently, a known method of moving a car on the road, which includes the active control of the car using the steering wheel. With a high speed of the car, this requires a lot of attention and stress from the driver. In addition, in bad weather (heavy rain or snow) the road becomes slippery, and the car’s movement is unstable, it can be brought into the oncoming lane or thrown completely off the road.

Also, with a long ride, the driver may tire or fall asleep, which leads to severe accidents.

To eliminate these serious shortcomings, the applicant in his inventions proposes to move the front and rear wheels on one side of the car movably using a special metal guide strip, which is fixed on the road along the lane.

To implement the new method, it is required to change the design of automobile wheels, to adapt them to movement along a guide strip.

The applicant does not consider the design of automobile wheels, since they are all identical and are made primarily of a metal disk and a rubber tire or tire.

Known high-speed road and a method of regulating its throughput (RF patent No. 2203355, class E01C 1/00, E01C 15/10, publ. 08.20.20). A high-speed road is formed by a span made on supports with a continuous roadway.

Known high-speed road and the technology used for its construction (floor model RU No. 18715, class E01C 1/00, E01D 1100, publ. 10.07.2001).

Installation for the construction of a high-speed road, made in the form of a mobile tunnel having an upper bearing working surface and side enclosing surfaces, while the upper bearing working surface is made with the possibility of mounting a superstructure of a high-speed road above it.

A disadvantage of the known solutions is the presence of a continuous roadway, which is heavy and therefore requires the installation of heavy and strong supports. In addition, in the conditions of a snowy winter, it is difficult to clean large volumes of snow that form on a continuous roadway.

The technical task of the proposed inventions is to increase vehicle traffic safety, achieve its absolute stability at high speeds in difficult weather conditions, reduce driver fatigue, as well as simplify road construction (excluding earthworks and drainage works), as well as simplify road operation and increase their service life.

The task according to the invention is achieved by the fact that the front and rear wheels on one side of the car are movably connected with a metal guide strip, which is fixed on the road along the lane, while the steering wheel is set to a neutral position, and the metal guide strip sets the direction of movement of the wheels. The metal guide strip can be made in the form of a groove in which the tires of the front and rear wheels are placed on one side of the car, for example, in the form of a steel channel, or the guide strip can have horizontal and vertical sections in cross-section, while the vertical part is made in the form of a ridge, which freely enters a circular groove made on the metal disk of the front and rear wheels of the car from its outer side, providing a movable connection of the wheels with the guide strip. The guide strip may be made of a hot-rolled steel corner. To support the front and rear wheels on the opposite side of the car, a steel support strip can be installed on the carriageway. To facilitate entry to the horizontal part of the strip, a lining with a vertical plate adjacent to the vertical ridge can be installed. To enter and exit the car anywhere on the road, a universal shoe is used that contains a body with a platform and a slope for entering and leaving the wheels. To fix the shoe there are clamps, which can be made in the form of pins, pressed into the shoe body.

An automobile wheel comprising a tire and a disk, according to the invention, the disk on the outside on the side has a tide with a circumferential groove in its outer diameter, or, alternatively, an additional disk located on the side of the tire of the wheel is attached to the main disk on its outside, this on the outer circular surface of the additional disk is made a circular groove.

A high-speed road containing a flyover formed by a support span with carriageway for at least one passenger car, according to the invention, the carriageway is made in the form of two metal longitudinal strips with free space between them, with each strip on the outside has a vertical ridge.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 shows a road with two lanes with one-way (right-hand) traffic and a car moving in the left lane, the arrows show the direction of movement;

- figure 2 shows a view along arrow A (enlarged);

- figure 3 shows a tire of a car wheel moving inside a steel channel;

- figure 4 shows a car wheel moving along a guide metal strip with a vertical ridge, while the vertical ridge freely enters a circular groove made in the tide of the wheel disk;

- figure 5 shows the wheel of a car moving along a guide metal strip with a vertical ridge, while the vertical ridge freely enters the groove of the additional disk attached to the side of the wheel disk;

- figure 6 shows the lining to facilitate entry into the guide strip (top view);

- figure 7 shows the lining (side view);

- in Fig.8 is a section along BB (enlarged) with a wheel on the lining at the time of entry;

- figure 9 shows a universal shoe for driving the car onto the guide strip and the exit from it (top view);

- figure 10 shows a method of installing a universal shoe on the pins at the entrance to the guide strip (side view);

- figure 11 shows a section CC;

- Fig. 12 shows a method of installing the shoe at an angle when the car exits from the guide strip;

- Fig.13 shows a high-speed road in the form of 2 metal strips with free space between them (top view), as well as schematically shows oblique shields that are installed on a car for colliding snow;

- on Fig shows a high-speed road in the form of a low flyover (side view);

- Fig.15 shows a diagram of the location of the car on the flyover, view along arrow D.

The inventions in terms of a method of moving a car on a road and a device for its implementation are achieved by the fact that there is a conventional high-speed road 1 on which a metal guide strip 2 is installed (FIG. 1), which in the 1st case is made in the form of a groove 4 (FIG. .2).

Car 3 moves along road 1 (Fig. 1), while tires 5 (Fig. 3) of its front and rear wheels 6 (Fig. 2) on one side of car 3 are placed in a guide groove 4 (Fig. 2), which can be made in the form of a steel channel 7 (figure 3). The wheels on the other side of the car 3 are placed on the supporting steel strip 8 (Fig.1, 2), laid along the road (so as not to disturb the asphalt surface of the road).

In another case, the guide metal strip 2 contains, when viewed in cross section, a horizontal part 9 and a vertical ridge 10 (figure 4).

To implement the method requires a special device of the wheels of the car.

In the 1st embodiment of the wheel device, it contains a tire 5 mounted on a cast disk 11 (Fig. 4), in the tide 12 of which a circular groove 13 is made.

In the 2nd embodiment of the device of the wheel 6 on its disk 11 (Fig. 5), an additional disk 14 is fixed on its outer side, the outer diameter of which is made by a circular groove 13 (Fig. 5). To facilitate entry into the guide strip with a vertical ridge 10, a lining 16 is installed on its horizontal part 9 (Fig. 6), with slopes 17 and a restrictive plate 18 (Figs. 7 and 8), which fits snugly against the vertical ridge 10 (Fig. 8) )

To enter and exit from the guide strip with a vertical ridge in any place where there are conditions for this (good visibility or the presence of a traffic light), a universal shoe 19 with latches 15, which can be made in the form of two pins (figure 10, 11), which go into the holes 20 on the horizontal part of the strip 9.

In this case, the axial line connecting the holes 20 for entry into the guide strip is parallel to the vertical ridge 10, and for exit - at an angle α to the vertical ridge (Fig.9, 12). The angle α is selected empirically to ensure the shift of the groove 13 from the vertical ridge 10.

Universal shoe 19 on one side has a vertical shoulder 21, on the other hand a shoulder with a bevel 22 (Fig.9, 11, 12), as well as slopes 24 for the entry and exit of the wheels (Fig.9, 10).

High-speed road is made in the form of a flyover (Fig.13), formed by the span 25 (Fig.14), located on the supports 26. The carriageway is designed for at least one passenger car and is made in the form of two metal strips, one of which is a guide strip 2, and the other is a reference strip 8 (Fig.13), with a free space between them 27 (Fig.13). Each lane from the outer edge has a vertical ridge 10, but only one lane is a guide 2, in this case the left (Fig. 13, 15), and the right lane 8 is a reference, while the vertical ridge 10 serves as insurance against wheel exit from the lane when accident and is located with a gap from the side surface of the tire wheels (Fig). The vertical ridge 10 on the reference lane 8 is interrupted at the junctions and ramps, while on the guide lane 2 it can continue until the end of the road, because there are devices for entry and exit from the guide strip described above. On the road can also be installed side rails 28 (Fig.14, 15).

In addition, if necessary, oblique shields 29 are installed on the car (Fig. 13, shown schematically) for pushing snow or foreign objects if they appear on the strip.

The proposed invention works as follows.

When entering the road 1 (Fig. 1), with a metal guide strip 2 fixed along it, the front and rear wheels 6 on one side of the car 3 are guided into the groove 4 (Fig. 2) or into the steel channel 7 (Fig. 3) using the steering wheel ), the shelves of which give direction to the tires 5, and through them to the wheels of the car, i.e. car wheels are movably connected with a guide strip. The wheels on the other side of the car move along the supporting metal strip 8 (Fig. 1), although this is not necessary, the wheels can move along asphalt, if there is no supporting strip. The support strip 8 is installed to reduce asphalt wear.

In another embodiment of the method, the guide strip 2 is performed with a horizontal part 9 (in cross section) and a vertical ridge 10 (Figs. 4, 5). Entrance to such a guide strip is made visually. Using the steering wheel, they drive into a vertical ridge so that it engages in a circular groove 13 (Figs. 4, 5), first the front wheel and then the rear wheel of the car are started. After that, the car’s steering wheel is set to neutral and released, because the wheels through a circular groove 13 on the disk of the wheel 11 enter into movable communication with the vertical ridge 10 of the guide strip 2 (Fig.4, 5). If the road is free, then you can develop greater speed, the wheels will hold the road reliably even in bad weather conditions (snow, rain, etc.), while the car turns out to be “fastened” to the road. The road turns are structurally smooth so that the centripetal acceleration does not exceed 0.2 g (where g is the earth's acceleration). If the turns are steeper, then set the speed limit signs.

The bottom of the circular groove 13 does not touch the vertical ridge 10 (Fig. 4, 5), and the weight of the vehicle perceives the horizontal section 9 of the guide strip through the tire 5 (Fig. 4, 5).

To facilitate the entry to and exit from the vertical ridge 10, a lining 16 (FIGS. 6, 7, 8) can be used, which is installed on the guide strip to raise the wheel to a height that allows the groove 13 to come out of engagement with the vertical ridge 10 (FIG. 8 ) The slope 17 (Fig.6, 7) facilitates the entry of the wheel onto the lining 16. After entering the wheel, the car wheels are “rubbed” onto the restriction plate 18 (Fig. 8), the groove 13 becomes above the vertical ridge 10, and after the wheels exit from the lining 16 along the slope 17 (Fig.7), the groove 13 is lowered onto the vertical ridge 10 (Fig.4, 5).

To enter the guide strip and exit from it in any place where there are conditions for this or a special platform, use the universal shoe 19 (Fig.9), which is stored in the trunk of the car. The shoe 19 is mounted on the guide strip on its horizontal part 9 (Fig. 9), while the latches 15 must fall into the holes 20 on the horizontal part of the guide strip 9. The holes 20 (Fig. 9) are arranged in pairs, i.e. separately two openings for entry and two openings for exit from the guide strip, marking them with appropriate inscriptions (although this is easily determined visually, the center line connecting the openings for entry is directed parallel to the vertical ridge, and for the exit - at a certain angle). The holes 20 are located in places where there is a good overview, there is a special platform and preferably a traffic light, if it is not there, then a stop sign is set on the roadway.

To enter the guide strip, a universal shoe 19 is installed on it so that the latches 15 enter the holes 20 intended for entry, while the vertical shoulder of the shoe 21 is pressed against the vertical ridge 23 (Fig. 9). Then the car enters the guide strip, pressing against the vertical ridge 23, driving the front wheel onto the shoe 19, while the wheel slides along the bevel 24 and is pressed against the vertical shoulder of the shoe 21 (Fig. 9), due to this, the circular groove 13 becomes exactly above the vertical crest 10 (Fig. 8). With further movement of the car, its front wheel descends along the bevel 24 to the guide strip, and the ridge 10 is included in the circular groove 13 (Figs. 4, 5).

Then the car moves further, and in the same way, the rear wheel, passing along the shoe 16, is engaged with the vertical ridge 10.

After that, the car moves further along the guide strip without active steering.

To exit from the guide strip, the universal shoe 19 is installed with latches 15 in the holes 20, which are designed to exit from the guide strip (Fig. 12), while the shoulder of the shoe 21 is installed at an angle to the vertical ridge 10. The front wheel of the car enters the shoe 19, circular the groove 13 disengages from the vertical ridge 10, and the wheel drifts to the side along the shoulder of the shoe 21. With further movement, the front wheel of the car disengages from the shoe along a slope 24, the steering wheel of the car is kept in a neutral position, and the rear wheel is likewise released from engagement with the vertical ridge 10. After that, the universal shoe is removed in the trunk, and the car leaves the roadway, freeing the road.

The invention in terms of high-speed road works similarly to the options described above.

The road is made in the form of a flyover, this allows you to:

1. not to carry out earthworks or to minimize them;

2. Do not carry out drainage work, i.e. Do not violate the ecology of the area;

3. do not depend on natural conditions, especially in winter with heavy snowfalls. For this, slanting flaps 29 (Fig. 13) are installed on the car in front of the front wheels that push snow from lanes 2 and 8 into free space. These same shields also clash with various kinds of foreign objects that may be in the way of the car.

The high-speed road made in this way is a low flyover (0.5-0.7) m, built without excavation and drainage, you only need to drill holes to solid ground to install supports. This is essentially a railroad, but much simpler than a regular railroad. At the same time, it is not necessary to lay the sleepers and to dump gravel under the sleepers, because passenger transport by weight is not so heavy, and it will withstand a light overpass.

Two rather narrow metal strips instead of a continuous pavement also solve the problem of snow removal in winter.

The road is metal-intensive, but it pays off for a long service life without repair. It will easily last 50 years or more. Such roads can be built as additional lanes on existing roads or in inaccessible and sparsely populated areas with a harsh climate, as such a road does not require much maintenance.

Thus, the inventions proposed for patenting fully fulfill the assigned tasks.

Claims (12)

1. The way the car moves on the road, namely, that the front and rear wheels on one side of the car are movably connected with a metal guide strip, which is fixed on the road along the lane, while the steering wheel is in a neutral position and the direction of the wheels sets metal guide strip. 2. The driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal guide strip is made in the form of a groove in which tires of the front and rear wheels are placed on one side of the car. 3. The method of movement according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide chute is made in the form of a steel channel. 4. The movement method according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide strip has a horizontal and vertical part in cross section, the vertical part being made in the form of a vertical ridge, which freely enters a circular groove made on the metal disk of the front and rear wheels of the car with its the outer side, providing a movable connection of the wheels with the guide strip. 5. The movement method according to claim 4, characterized in that the metal guide strip with a vertical ridge is made of a hot-rolled steel corner. 6. The driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that for supporting the front and rear wheels on the opposite side of the car, a steel support strip is installed on the carriageway. 7. The movement method according to claim 4, characterized in that a lining with a vertical plate adjacent to the vertical ridge is mounted on the horizontal part of the guide strip. 8. A universal shoe for wheel entry with a circular groove on the disk to the vertical ridge and exit from it, comprising a housing with a platform and slopes for wheel entry and exit, characterized in that the shoe has locks for securing it to the strip. 9. The shoe according to claim 8, characterized in that the latches are made in the form of pins, pressed into the shoe body. 10. A car wheel comprising a tire and a disk, characterized in that the disk has a tide on the outer side, the circumferential groove of which is made on the outer diameter. 11. A car wheel comprising a tire and a disk, characterized in that an additional disk is fixed to the disk from its outer side, located on the side of the wheel, while a circular groove is made on the outer circular surface of the additional disk. 12. High-speed road containing a viaduct formed by supports made by supports with a carriageway for at least one passenger car, characterized in that the carriageway is made in the form of two longitudinal metal strips with free space between them, each the strip on the outside has a vertical ridge.

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