RU2397307C1 - Hydro-mechanical anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas production.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to facilities for holding equipment, such as packers and jacks, in well. The hydro-mechanical anchor consists of a hollow rod with radial channels and of a case with an internal lug in an upper part forming a circular chamber between them. A piston coupled with dies and a pusher from inside interacting with dies are positioned in this chamber. On top the rod is connected with the case. The rod is spring-loaded from below and performs restricted motions downward. The case is equipped with openings communicated with a lower part of the circular chamber wherein there are arranged dies hinged atop the windows. Inside, the dies have an inclined recess expanding from central axis. From below the pusher is rigidly connected with the piston and is equipped with external lugs having extensions for corresponding recesses of the dies.

EFFECT: reliable operation, simple design, avoiding packer seating at its lowering into well, eliminating additional manipulations with drill column at anchoring.

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Description

The proposal relates to the oil and gas industry, in particular to devices for fixing equipment in the well, such as packers, jacks, etc.

The well-known "Anchor" (copyright certificate No. 953184, ЕВВ 23/06, publ. Bull. No. 31 of 08/23/1982), comprising a hollow rod, housings and pushers of shoes with elastic elements and cones with thrust dies, while the elastic elements are made in the form of spring-loaded in the longitudinal direction of the conical stops installed with the possibility of interaction with the end part of the shoes.

The disadvantages of the device are a complex multi-element design with a large number of mating parts that require high precision manufacturing, as well as a complex mechanism for putting dies into working position and returning them to the transport position, requiring complex manipulations with the tool (lifting with turning, unloading the tool with turning, etc.) .

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the "Hydromechanical anchor" (patent RU No. 2009309, ЕВВ 23/06, publ. Bull. No. 5 from 03.15.1994), including a hollow rod with radial channels, an outer protrusion in the upper part and a piston, a telescopically mounted relative to the rod body with an internal protrusion in the upper part, spring-loaded relative to the rod placed above its piston by a spring and forming an annular cavity and a piston chamber connected by radial channels with the rod cavity, an adapter mentioned, rigidly connected pipe with a support, mounted with the possibility of axial movement relative to the rod of the body, rigidly connected to the body of the cone and connected with the rod dies, while the anchor is equipped with a shank rigidly connected with the support of the pipe, which is placed in the annular cavity between the rod, and the pipe is installed with the possibility of coupling the external end of its support with the internal protrusion of the housing and the interaction of the lower end of the support with the external protrusion of the rod, while the distance from the upper conical part of the cone to the top the end face of the slips is less than the distance between the protrusion of the rod and the lower end of the pipe support, and the latter is less than the distance between the ledge of the sub and the upper end of the inner protrusion of the body.

The disadvantages of this device are also a complex multi-element design with a large number of mating parts that require high precision manufacturing. In addition, to eliminate the premature landing of the anchor, a compensation unit is required, which also complicates both the design of the anchor and the work with it.

The technical task of the proposed hydraulic anchor is to create a simplified reliable design that excludes the possibility of landing during the descent into the well and does not require additional manipulations with the drill string when anchoring.

The technical problem is solved by a hydromechanical anchor containing a hollow rod with radial channels, a housing mounted coaxially relative to the rod with an internal protrusion in the upper part to form an annular chamber between them, communicated on top by radial channels with a rod cavity in which the piston spring-loaded from the housing is connected, connected with dies , and a pusher configured to interact from the inside with the dies.

What is new is that the rod is rigidly connected from above to the body, and the piston is spring-loaded from below and inserted into the annular chamber with the possibility of limited downward movement, the case being provided with windows communicating with the lower part of the annular chamber in which the plates are mounted pivotally mounted on top of the windows and provided from the inside inclined sampling, expanding from the central axis, while the pusher bottom is rigidly connected to the piston and is equipped with external protrusions with extensions for the corresponding sample of dies.

Figure 1 shows a hydraulic anchor with a partial section in the transport position.

Figure 2 shows a section aa.

Figure 3 shows a hydraulic anchor with a partial section in the working position.

Figure 4 shows a view of B.

The hydromechanical anchor contains a hollow rod 1 (see Fig. 1) with radial channels 2, a prefabricated housing 3 with an internal protrusion 4 at the top and a process sub 5 at the bottom with an upper stop 6 mounted coaxially relative to the rod 1 and forming an annular chamber 7 communicating with it with a stem cavity by radial channels 2, connecting upper and lower threads 8 and 8 ', respectively, a piston 9, made with the possibility of limited movement down the rod 1 and pressed from below by a spring 10 from the housing 3 by means of a process sleeve 1 1. In this case, the housing 3 is evenly distributed along the perimeter with dies 12, made with inclined longitudinal samples 13 and fixed in windows 14 on hinges 15, which are arranged to interact from the inside with a pusher 16, rigidly connected to the piston 9, by means of external protrusions 17 with extensions 18 (see figure 2) of longitudinal samples 13. In this case, the output of the dies to the outside is limited by the limiters 6 of the sub 5. The tightness of the piston 9 and the housing 3 is provided by seals, respectively, by the sealing rings 19 and 20.

The device operates as follows.

The hydraulic anchor using connecting threads 8 and 8 '(see Fig. 1) is connected respectively to the drill pipe string (not shown) and downhole equipment (not shown) and lowered into the required interval of the well (not shown) to fix the downhole equipment. Then, a washing liquid under pressure is supplied to the pipe string, which, passing through the radial channels 2 of the hollow rod 1, due to the pressure differential inside the rod 1 and outside the housing 3, enters the annular chamber 7 and transfers force to the piston 9, which, counteracting the external force of the spring 10 , moves down with the pusher 16. A pressure differential inside the rod 1 and outside of the housing 3 is formed due to downhole equipment that creates resistance to fluid flow. In this case, the protrusions 17 of the pusher 16, interacting with the dies with the help of extensions 18 (see Fig. 2), move downward along the corresponding inclined and expanding from the center samples 13 and, turning the dies 12 (see Fig. 3) relative to their hinge joint 15 with the body 3 against the stop in the limiter 6 of the sub 5, bringing them to the working position (see Fig. 4) from the windows 14 (see Fig. 3), they are pressed against the walls of the well, fixing the hollow rod 1 and the body 3 with downhole equipment relative to the well. Upon completion of work, the pressure in the pipe string is released and the piston 9 with the pusher 16 under the action of the springs 10 moves up to its original state and thereby returns the dies 12 to the transport position (see figure 1).

When anchoring, the dies “bite” into the wall of the open borehole or casing and reliably fix the equipment from longitudinal movement. To limit the departure of the dies 12 (see figure 3), the sub 5 of the housing 3 is equipped with a limiter 6, which interacts with the dies 12 at their maximum departure. This eliminates the possibility of interaction of the coils of the springs 10, which protects them from premature destruction.

The advantage of the proposed design of the hydromechanical anchor is its greater reliability, simplicity of design, elimination of the possibility of landing of the anchor during descent into the well and the absence of the need for additional manipulations with the drill string when anchoring.

Claims (1)

A hydromechanical anchor, including a hollow rod with radial channels, a housing mounted coaxially with respect to the rod, an inner protrusion in the upper part to form an annular chamber between them, communicated from above by radial channels with a rod cavity in which the piston spring-connected from the housing is connected with the rams, and the pusher made with the possibility of interaction from the inside with the dies, characterized in that the rod is rigidly connected from above to the housing, and the piston is spring-loaded from below and inserted into the annular chamber with possibly a limited downward movement, the housing being provided with windows communicating with the lower part of the annular chamber, in which are located dies pivotally mounted on top of the windows, provided with an inclined selection extending from the central axis, the pusher being rigidly connected from below to the piston and provided with external protrusions with extensions under their corresponding selection of dice.

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