RU2393365C1 - Installation for utilisation of wind power - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: installation for utilisation of wind power consists of case with vertical driven shaft and of main and additional blades of limited turn secured on said shaft on bearing horizontal guides. The installation is equipped with additional horizontal guides attached to the vertical driven shaft under the bearing horizontal guides. Also main blades with their upper edges are hinged on the bearing horizontal blades. At turn they rest against the additional horizontal guides. The additional blades are hinged inside the main blades on the same bearing horizontal guides; they are equipped with springs retaining the additional blades in the same plane with the main blades. The set of the main and additional blades can be mounted on the vertical driven shaft, also the springs, retaining the additional blades in the same plane with the main blades, are of different deflection rate at different tiers.

EFFECT: raised efficiency due to automatic control of rotation speed of driven shaft depending on wind power; simplification of operation and preventive repair.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the use of both wind energy and water flow energy for generating electricity or for performing mechanical work.

Known devices for using wind energy, including a mast, on which a propeller-type blade and an electric generator are fixed on a horizontal shaft (Schefter Y.I. To the inventor on wind motors and wind turbines. M., 1957, pp. 6-12).

The disadvantages of the known devices are the relatively small contact area of the blades with the wind flow, the need to build a mast of high height with increasing size of the blades,

The closest in technical essence and combination of essential features to the claimed device is a wind turbine rotor (RF patent No. 2029886).

The device includes a vertical axis, a frame mounted on it, connected with uprights on which the blades are located, mounted on horizontal axes with the possibility of limited rotation, characterized in that in order to increase efficiency it is equipped with additional rotary curved blades pivotally mounted at the joints of the horizontal axes and racks, and the horizontal axes are fastened at an angle to one another and have a length that increases from the center to the periphery. Additional blades serve only to increase the total area of the blades.

However, this device has a number of significant disadvantages, such as increased complexity of the device; the impossibility of controlling the speed of rotation of the shaft depending on the wind load; difficulty in operation and shutdown during routine inspection and repair. Moreover, the main blades in this device are mounted eccentrically with respect to the horizontal axis, so the rotation of the blades from the windward side to the horizontal position is possible only at a certain wind speed, which leads to a partial loss of power. All this in general reduces the effectiveness of this device.

The technical result, the achievement of which the present invention is directed, is to increase the efficiency of using wind energy by automatically controlling the speed of rotation of the drive shaft depending on the strength of the wind flow; simplification of operation and preventive repair of the device.

To obtain the specified technical result, a device for using wind energy is proposed, comprising a housing with a vertical drive shaft, on which main and additional blades are mounted on horizontal bearing rails with the possibility of limited rotation, the difference of which according to the invention is that it is provided with additional horizontal rails, fixed on a vertical drive shaft under the bearing horizontal guides, while the main blades are upper edges E articulated on horizontal supporting rails to abut when turning on additional vertical guides, and within the main blades are hinged on the same horizontal guide bearing additional spring-loaded blade.

It is advisable that a package of main and additional blades is installed on the vertical drive shaft, while the springs holding the additional blades in the same plane as the main blades on different tiers were made with different stiffness.

It is also advisable that the additional horizontal guides were made in the form of thick-walled plates and fixed in a rotary device, ensuring their rotation by 90 °.

Salient features of the invention are as follows.

1. The upper edges of the main blades are pivotally mounted on the bearing horizontal guides (axes).

This provides easy rotation of the blades in a horizontal position when the vertical shaft is rotated and sharply reduces the resistance to the incoming wind flow.

2. The implementation of the springs holding additional blades, with different stiffness on different packages of blades.

This allows you to ensure greater uniformity of rotation of the shaft when the wind load changes due to their deviation from the horizontal position by pressing the thrust plates and reducing the total working area of the blades.

3. A swivel device that rotates the additional horizontal rails by 90 °.

In this case, additional horizontal guides made in the form of thick-walled plates of rectangular cross section, when they are rotated 90 °, release the main blades from the stop on the lower guides.

The drive of the rotary device can be mechanical and made in the form of metal traction inside the shaft or by means of an electric drive (not specified).

The use of a rotary device is advisable during a storm warning, in order to exclude damage to the blades and the device as a whole, as well as during preventive maintenance. For the same purpose, a brake mounted on the drive shaft is used.

In Fig.1 shows a device in section. Figure 2 is a top view of the device.

The device includes a vertical drive shaft 1 mounted in the housing 2. The drive shaft 1 is provided with horizontal supporting rails 3 and additional horizontal rails 4 located below them, while the additional horizontal rails 4 are made in the form of thick-walled plates. The main blades 5 and the additional blades 6 are fixed by means of hinges 7 to the bearing rails 3 with the possibility of limited rotation by an angle of up to 90 ° relative to the bearing rails 3. The emphasis for the main blades 5 are additional horizontal guides 4, the rotation of the additional blades is limited by springs 8 having different stiffness on different packages of blades.

The device is equipped with a rotary device 9 for additional horizontal guides 4, when rotated 90 °, the main blades 5 are released from the stop on additional horizontal guides 4 (if necessary, stop the rotation of the drive shaft).

On the drive shaft 1 are mounted a reduction gear 10, an electric generator 11 and a brake 12. The housing of the device is attached to the base (for example, to the roof of the building, to the bottom of the reservoir) through holes 13.

The device operates as follows.

The device is disconnected from the brake device and due to wind pressure on the blades 5, supported by additional horizontal guides 4, starts to rotate around the axis, in this example, counterclockwise.

When turning over an angle of more than 90 °, the main 5 and additional 6 blades under the influence of wind begin to rise and, when turning 180 °, they occupy a position close to horizontal and do not show significant resistance to the incident wind flow.

When turning 270 °, the main blades 5 begin to lower and abut against additional horizontal guides (stops) 4, and with a further turn they begin to perceive wind pressure.

The additional blades 6 perform the function of a stabilizer (regulator) of the rotation speed of the main blades 5. The higher the wind speed, the greater the angle of the additional blades 6, pressing the springs 8, thereby reducing the pressure area of the wind flow.

To perform repair or maintenance work, the drive shaft 1 of the device is braked by the brake device 12, and the rotation of the blades is stopped. If necessary, additionally, by means of a rotary device 9, additional horizontal guides 4 are rotated 90 °, releasing the blades 5 from the stop on them.

The advantages of the invention are as follows.

1. Provides control of the speed of rotation of the drive shaft depending on the wind speed.

2. The ability to perform preventive and repair work of the device is simplified.

3. When implementing the device, there is no need to build a mast of high height for any size of the blades. The device can be placed on the roof of buildings.

4. The device can be used both for the use of wind energy, and the energy of river flows, sea currents, without interfering with navigation (when placing the device at the bottom of the reservoir).

5. The device can work in any direction of wind, water flow.

The widespread introduction of the proposed device for using the energy of sea currents can produce a huge amount of electricity, comparable to the total amount of electricity generated in hydroelectric, thermal and nuclear power plants, without harming the environment.

For example, the capacity of the Gulf Stream sea current (with a flow width of 75-120 km and a speed of 4 to 10 km / h) is over 80 million m ³ / s, which is 20-25 times higher than the discharge of all the rivers of the globe (BSE No. 7, p. 46).

Claims (3)

1. Device for using wind energy, comprising a housing with a vertical drive shaft, on which the main and additional blades are mounted on the horizontal bearing rails with the possibility of limited rotation, characterized in that it is equipped with additional horizontal guides mounted on a vertical drive shaft under the horizontal bearing rails , while the main blades with upper edges are pivotally mounted on the bearing horizontal guides with the possibility of stop when turning those on additional horizontal guides, and inside the main blades pivotally mounted on the same supporting horizontal guides, additional blades provided with springs holding the additional blades in the same plane with the main blades. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a package of main and additional blades is installed on the vertical drive shaft, while the springs holding the additional blades in the same plane with the main blades are made with different stiffness on different tiers. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional horizontal guides are made in the form of thick-walled plates and are fixed in a rotary device, ensuring their rotation by 90 °.

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