RU2393247C1 - Procedure for processing copper containing wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: procedure for processing copper containing wastes consists in immersing basket with copper containing wastes into calcium containing melt and in dissolving copper. Also copper dissolving is performed by immersion of the basket with wastes into melt of copper-calcium alloy, corresponding to a liquid cathode, under a layer of electrolyte out of potassium and calcium chlorides. Dissolving is carried out at temperature 650-715°C in the process of calcium electrolysis.

EFFECT: reduced temperature of copper dissolving in melt, and reduced process expenditures for extracting copper out of copper containing wastes.

1 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals, in particular to the extraction of copper from copper-containing waste of superconducting materials.

Known hydrometallurgical methods of dissolving copper in hot concentrated sulfuric acid [Remy G. Course of inorganic chemistry. - M .: Mir, 1974, v. 2] or nitric acid [RF patent No. 2243163, bull. No. 36 dated December 27, 2004]. The disadvantages of these methods are the use of aggressive reagents and the formation of toxic gases.

The closest analogue to the claimed invention is a method of processing metal scrap containing copper [copyright certificate No. 1669194, IPC С22В 9/18], comprising dissolving copper by immersing the basket with scrap in a calcium-containing melt.

The disadvantages of this method are the high temperature of the copper dissolution process, as well as significant labor and energy costs due to the need to heat calcium above the melting point (850 ° C) in an inert atmosphere.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the temperature of the process of dissolution of copper in the melt, as well as reducing technological costs for the process of extracting copper from copper-containing waste.

The technical result is achieved in that in a method for processing copper-containing waste, including immersing a basket of copper-containing waste in a calcium-containing melt and dissolving copper, dissolving copper is carried out by immersing the waste basket in a molten copper-calcium alloy, which is a liquid cathode, under an electrolyte layer of potassium chloride and calcium during the electrolysis of calcium at a temperature of 650-715 ° C.

When implementing the proposed method in the conditions of calcium production by the electrolytic method [N. Doronin Metallurgy of calcium. - M., 1959] use electrolysis baths with a liquid cathode - a copper-calcium alloy. The dissolution of copper from copper-containing waste is carried out at a working temperature of the electrolyzer (650-715) ° C. Due to the KCl-CaCl ₂ electrolyte layer, the oxidation of the copper-calcium alloy by air is excluded. In this case, the replacement of sheet cathode copper with copper-containing waste to make up for copper losses in calcium production does not increase the labor and energy intensity of production.

Thus, the proposed method, in contrast to the closest analogue, does not require the use of special sealed equipment and energy costs for melting calcium in an inert medium.

The set of essential features of the proposed method in the analysis of scientific, technical and patent literature, including cited sources, has not been identified, which confirms the inventive step of the claimed technical solution.

Example

Copper-containing wastes of superconducting materials are rods with a diameter of 70 mm and thin rods in the form of hexagons with a diagonal size of 4 mm. The trend, consisting of Nb-Ti alloy, is in a copper base in the form of a wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm. These wastes are processed in accordance with the scheme shown in figure 1. Copper-containing waste 1 is loaded into the electrolyzer 2 by immersing it in a basket 3 in a copper-calcium melt 4 under a layer of electrolyte 5. Complete dissolution of copper from massive and thin rods takes 1.5 and 0.5 hours, respectively. The results of the treatment of waste in the melt are shown in the table.

No. p / p Type of waste Uploaded The residue after dissolution Dissolved copper kg % kg % kg % one Rod, ǿ 70 mm 73.8 one hundred 5,4 7.32 68,4 92.68 2 Hexagon, diagonal 4 mm 43.8 one hundred 29.3 66.89 14.5 33.11 Total 117.6 one hundred 34.7 29.51 82.9 70.49

As a result, of 117.6 kg of waste superconducting materials loaded into the electrolyzer, 82.9 kg (70.5%) goes into the copper-calcium alloy. Residues from dissolution in the form of a wire of Nb-Ti alloy are quenched in water to prepare for subsequent remelting.

The presented example does not limit the use of the proposed method. According to the proposed method, it is possible to obtain calcium alloys, for example with nickel, magnesium, aluminum and other metals.

Claims (1)

A method of processing copper-containing waste, comprising immersing a basket of copper-containing waste in a calcium-containing melt and dissolving copper, characterized in that the dissolution of copper is carried out by immersing the waste basket in a molten copper-calcium alloy, which is a liquid cathode, under an electrolyte layer of potassium and calcium chlorides in the process of calcium electrolysis at a temperature of 650-715 ° C.

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