RU2386776C1 - Method of opening of waterbearing stratum in unstable rocks by upward borehole and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil-and-gas production.

SUBSTANCE: providing of stability of well walls, process controllability of opening of waterbearing formation of operation of two waterbearing formations of one upward drain borehole has become possible ensured by creation of backpressure in annular space of well during all time of its drilling in incompetent rocks and also usage in particular case in the capacity of intermediate string of filtering pipe string. Device for opening of waterbearing stratums in incompetent rocks by upward drain borehole includes drilling rig, rotator, main mud pump, drilling assembly, intermediate string, filtering pipe string and equipment of wellhead, containing conductor, wellhead mandrel, pipes grab, gland, closing sleeve, outlet and shutter. Intermediate string is outfitted by ring, rigidly installed to it at bottom end with ability of installation of sealing ring for overlapping of annular gap between conductor and intermediate string. Device is outfitted by additional boring pump, connected to outlet of wellhead mandrel, and also by nozzle installed at outlet of this branch diametre of which depends on static level of waterbearing formations at wellhead and rotary crane for passing of water into outlet from additional drilling pump.

EFFECT: providing of ability of additional water removing.

3 cl, 4 dwg, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of mining and can be used for the construction of rising drainage wells on two or more aquifers in unstable rocks during the construction of protection systems for mining enterprises from flooding, providing additional water withdrawal.

From the technical level there is a known method for opening an aquifer represented by flooded sands and sand and gravel, rising drainage wells during the construction of drainage systems in mining enterprises and a device for its implementation.

The known method involves drilling a filter column with a packer and packer pipes with direct flushing to the first aquifer with free uncontrolled release of sand and water from the aquifer from the well, landing a filter column with packer and packer pipes into a first aquifer with a shallow depth (4-5 m), the extraction of the packer and packer pipes and the subsequent operation of the well.

A device for constructing a rising well includes a drilling rig for drilling rising wells, a conductor, wellhead equipment, a filter string with a packer and packer pipes (E.P. Pisanets et al. Technique and technology for constructing drainage wells from underground mine workings. "Reference for drainage rocks ". M:" Nedra ", 1984, p. 411-416).

The disadvantages of the known method of opening the aquifer and the device for its implementation are the high accident rate during the construction of rising drainage wells, uncontrolled removal of sand and sand and gravel from the aquifer and the high probability of filling the mine with sand and gravel, as well as the uncontrolled process of opening the aquifer, Shallow depth of landing of the filter column in the aquifer. Therefore, the productivity of the wells from the aquifer varies in a very wide range. The filter column overlaps the small thickness of the first aquifer, eliminating the possibility of opening two aquifers.

The closest set of essential features to the claimed method and device is a method of opening aquifers in unstable rocks by an upright drainage well drilling rig UDB-8. The UDB-8 drilling rig includes a drilling rig, a drilling pump, a rotator, a drill, an intermediate pipe string, a filter pipe string and wellhead equipment containing a conductor, a wellhead body, pipe pickup, an oil seal, a pressure sleeve, an outlet pipe and a valve. For the construction of a rising drainage well, a drilling rig is installed in the chamber. Drill a well under the conductor, install the conductor and cement it, attach the wellhead equipment to the conductor, drill the well with a drill to the first aquifer, drill an intermediate pipe string in the first aquifer to a shallow depth, drill a well with a filter pipe string and open the second aquifer ( Timoshkov I.A., Belyakov S.I. et al. Experience in the construction of uprising wells in China, Materials of the 2nd international symposium "Development of mineral resources and underground structures elstvo in complex hydrogeological conditions. "Belgorod VIOGEM, 1993, s.136-139).

The disadvantage of the prototype is an uncontrolled drilling process in unstable rocks of aquifers, high accident rate while drilling wells, a large variation in well productivity.

The objective of the invention is to provide a controlled method of opening aquifers, providing the possibility of drilling rising drainage wells into two or more aquifers in unstable rocks, and devices for its implementation.

Technical results that can be obtained by implementing the claimed invention are:

- Ensuring the stability of the walls of the well;

- Adjustable removal of sand, sand and gravel and other unstable rocks from aquifers;

- Ensuring the controllability of the process of opening the aquifer;

- Providing the ability to open two or more aquifers;

- Providing opportunities for the exploitation of two aquifers with one rising drainage well.

The solution of this problem and the achievement of the above results became possible due to the fact that in the known method of opening aquifers in unstable rocks, a rising drainage well, including mounting a main drilling pump, a drilling rig, drilling a rising well under a conductor with a flange, cementing the conductor, mounting on the conductor flange pickup for pipes and body of the wellhead with a sealing ring, a pressure sleeve, a branch pipe and a valve, drilling of a rising well m shell to the first aquifer, leaving the bridge and removing it, drilling an intermediate pipe string, drilling a filter pipe string having a smaller diameter than the diameter of the intermediate pipe string, and removing the packer and packer pipes from it, mount an additional mud pump and connect it to after the drill is removed, a nozzle is installed at the inlet of this nozzle, the diameter of which is calculated depending on the static level of the aquifers on wellhead, an additional mud pump continuously supplies flushing fluid to create back pressure between the walls of the well and the intermediate or filter pipe strings above the reservoir, while the additional mud pump operates continuously while these pipes are being drilled, and the main pump is turned on only for the duration of the rock destruction process, after completion of drilling with an intermediate string of pipes and its landing to the roof of the first aquifer overlap the annular space between the conductor and this string by supplying a sealing ring with a ring rigidly fixed to the lower end of the intermediate pipe string, and after drilling with the filter pipe string, it is hung up on the flange of the pressure sleeve, the valve is attached to it, the valve is closed on the branch pipe and the nozzle is dismantled, and also due to the fact that A known device for opening aquifers in unstable rocks by a rising drainage well, including a drilling rig, rotator, main mud pump, drill, intermediate pipe string, filter a pipe string and wellhead equipment comprising a conductor, a wellhead body, a pipe pickup, an oil seal, a pressure sleeve, an outlet pipe and a valve, an intermediate pipe string is provided with a ring rigidly mounted on its lower end with the possibility of installing a sealing ring to bridge the annular gap between the conductor and the intermediate pipe string, the device is equipped with an additional mud pump associated with a branch pipe of the wellhead body, as well as a nozzle installed at the outlet of this a branch pipe, the diameter of which depends on the statistical level of the aquifers at the wellhead, and a rotary crane for passing water into the branch pipe from the additional mud pump. In a particular example of the use of the method in the construction of a rising drainage well in the first aquifer, a filter pipe string is used as an intermediate pipe string to produce water from it.

An inventive step is to create a counterpressure in the annulus in the aquifer region at the opening of the aquifer above the static level of the aquifers, which allows for the stability of the borehole walls, a controlled drilling process in the aquifers, the possibility of drilling into two aquifers, the possibility of overlapping the annular space between the conductor and an intermediate column. The possibility of exploiting two aquifers with one rising drainage well is provided by using a filter pipe string as an intermediate pipe string.

The invention is illustrated by the following figures:

Figure 1. The layout of the drilling rig, drill and equipment of the wellhead in the chamber, conductor, pipe pickup, body of the wellhead, valve is shown.

Figure 2. Wellhead equipment is shown: a conductor, pipe pickup, a wellhead housing, a sealing ring, an oil seal, a pressure sleeve, a branch pipe, a rotary valve, a gate valve, a nozzle body and a nozzle.

Figure 3. An intermediate pipe string is shown: a rock forming tool in the form of a cone bit, a sub with a check valve, sub, pipes, a pipe with a welded ring.

Figure 4. The filter column of pipes is shown: sub, packer pipe with left-hand thread, packer pipe, couplings, filter, packer, short pipe, pipes, flange.

A device for opening aquifers in unstable rocks of an ascending drainage well includes a drilling rig 1 (Fig. 1), which is installed in an underground mine working chamber (not shown in Fig.). In the same chamber, a main mud pump (not shown in FIG.) And an additional mud pump (not shown in FIG.) Are installed. The device includes a drill 2 (FIG. 1), consisting of drill pipes with a rock cutting tool (not shown in FIG.), Wellhead equipment (FIG. 2), an intermediate pipe string (FIG. 3) and a filter pipe string (FIG. four).

The wellhead equipment (Fig. 2) includes a conductor 3, pipe grab 4, a wellhead body 5, a valve 6, an o-ring 7, an oil seal 8, a pressure sleeve 9, an outlet pipe 10 on which a rotary valve 11 is fixed. A valve 6 is attached to the valve 6 nozzle body 12 with nozzle 13, the diameter of which is calculated depending on the static pressure of the aquifers at the wellhead to provide a pressure in the annular space of the well above the static pressure of the aquifers at the wellhead.

The intermediate pipe string (Fig. 3) includes a rock cutting tool 14 in the form of a cone bit, a sub with a check valve 15, a sub 16, a pipe 17, a lower pipe 17 with a ring 18 welded to it, designed to lift the sealing ring 7 to close the annular gap between the conductor 3 and the intermediate pipe string after planting it to a predetermined depth, a sub 19 for connecting the intermediate column to the rotator shaft (not shown) of the drilling rig 1.

The filter pipe string (Fig. 4) consists of a sub 20, a packer pipe 21 with a left-hand thread, couplings 22, filters 23, a packer pipe 24 with a right-hand thread, a short pipe 25, a packer 26, pipes 27, a sub 28 for connecting the filter string to the rotator shaft of the drilling machine 1, flange 29.

The claimed method of constructing an upward drainage well is as follows. A drilling rig 1, a main mud pump (not shown) and an additional mud pump (not shown) are mounted in a mining chamber. A well is drilled to a depth of 4-5 m. A conductor 3 with a flange (not shown in Fig.) Is installed at this depth and the annular space is cemented. A casing 5 of the wellhead with a valve 6 on the branch pipe 10, the pressure sleeve 9 and the stuffing box 8 is attached to the conductor flange 3. Then a drill 2 is sent to the well and drilled to the first aquifer, leaving a jumper (not shown in Fig.). After removing the drill 2, an intermediate pipe string (Fig. 3) with a rock cutting tool 14 in the form of a cone bit is sent to the well. The nozzle housing 12 is attached to the valve 6 of the branch pipe 10. The nozzle 13 is inserted into the nozzle housing 12. Further, the drilling process is carried out using the main and additional mud pumps. An additional mud pump through the rotary valve 11 serves flushing fluid in the outlet pipe 10 to create backpressure above the reservoir in the annular space between the walls of the well and the intermediate or filter pipe columns. The additional mud pump operates continuously, the main mud pump - only in the process of rock destruction. At a given depth, the drilling of the intermediate pipe string is completed, the annular space between the conductor 3 and the intermediate pipe string is closed by the sealing ring 7 by feeding it with the ring 18, the mud pumps are turned off, the intermediate pipe string is fixed with a pipe pickup 4.

Then, the filter pipe string is sent to the well (Fig. 4), the pipe pipe filter sub 20 is connected to the sub pipe check valve sub 15 of the intermediate pipe string. When the filter pipe string is slowly rotating, the sub 15 is disconnected with a check valve and rock cutting tool 14 in the form of a cone bit.

Drilling with a filter column of pipes is carried out during continuous operation of an additional mud pump, which allows creating back pressure in the annular space of the well during the passage of the aquifer. At a given depth, drilling with a filter pipe string is completed. The filter pipe string is suspended from the pressure sleeve 9. A valve 6 is attached to the flange 29 of the filter pipe string. The valve 6 is closed on the branch pipe 10, the nozzle housing 12 and the nozzle 13 are dismantled. A drill 2 is sent to the pipe filter pipe, by which the packer 26 is removed , packer pipe 21, packer pipes 24. Perform well pumping operations and begin its operation.

Example 1. Prototype

At KMA mining enterprises, more than 20 rising drainage wells were drilled into two aquifers. The first aquifer lies at a depth of 60-70 m, the second aquifer is at a depth of 80-90 m. We used the UDB-8-01 drilling rig, the main drilling pump NB 160 / 6.3, wellhead equipment, an intermediate pipe string with a diameter of 114 mm and a filter pipe string with a diameter of 89 mm with a packer and packer pipes.

A conductor of pipes with a diameter of 146 mm is installed to a depth of 3-5 m, a pipe pickup and equipment for the wellhead are installed to it. To a depth of 55 m, drilling was carried out by a drill with a diameter of 89 mm with a roller cone with a diameter of 132 mm, from a depth of 55 m to 65 m with an intermediate string of pipes with a diameter of 114 mm and a cone bit with a diameter of 132 mm, from a depth of 65 m to 85 m with a filter casing of pipes with a diameter of 89 mm with a cone bit with a diameter of 132 mm. The intermediate pipe string was attached with a pipe pickup, the filter pipe string was attached to the pressure sleeve.

The drilling process in aquifers took place with great complications. Torques on pipe columns sharply increased, grabbing them, a large amount of sand was carried out of the well. There were emergency wells, a large variation in the productivity of drainage wells was noted.

Example 2

A project has been developed for the mining enterprise for the opening of two aquifers with rising drainage wells.

Uprising drainage wells are drilled from chambers on the zero horizon by the UDB-8-01 drilling rig, equipped with the main and additional drilling pumps NB 160 / 6.3.

In the geological section of the borehole, the first layer of ferruginous quartzites, schists, plagiogranites, magnetites of the weathering crust of the VIII group of soils by drillability, I group of soils by stability with a thickness of 50 m; the second layer of sand of different grains kaolinized with interlayers of clays and sandstones of the III group of soils by drillability, II group of soils by stability with a thickness of 15 m; the third layer of sandy clays with interlayers of clay sands, sandy silts, quartz sand of the III group of soils by drillability, II group of soils by stability with a thickness of 30 m; the fourth layer of sands of different grains, siltstones, pebbles, very rarely clays of the III group of soils by drillability, II group of soils by stability with a thickness of 5 m. The second and fifth layer of sand are considered as two aquifers with pressures at the mouth of up to 100 m.

To drill a well to the design level, a three-column well design is adopted. All wells are vertical.

A conductor of pipes with a diameter of 168 mm is installed to a depth of 5 m, an intermediate string of pipes with a diameter of 114 mm to a depth of 65 m, a filter string of pipes with a diameter of 89 mm to a depth of 100 m. The annulus between the pipes with a diameter of 168 mm and the walls of the well with a diameter of 215 mm are cemented . Drilling a vertical drainage well to a depth of 5 m is carried out using a cone bit 215 mm, to a depth of 45 using a cone bit 146 mm in diameter, and to a depth of 100 m using a cone bit 132 mm.

Drilling an intermediate pipe string from a depth of 45 m to 65 m and a filter pipe string from a depth of 65 m to 100 m is carried out with a pressure of flushing fluid at the wellhead of 1.1 MPa. For the accepted pressure at the wellhead and an additional pump capacity of 160 l / min, the nozzle diameter is 8.6 mm, as calculated.

As can be seen from example 2, the claimed combination of essential features of the invention allows us to solve the problem, namely, to create a controlled method of opening an aquifer, which enables drilling of rising drainage wells into two or more aquifers due to the creation of back pressure above the reservoir head in the annular space of the well during the entire time of drilling a well in unstable rocks, provided by the supply of flushing fluid to the branch pipe with additional drilling by sucking and discharging the water-sand mixture through the adjusted nozzle. At the same time, the landing depth of the filter pipe string reaches the design depth.

Claims (3)

1. A method of opening aquifers in unstable rocks with a rising drainage well, including mounting a main drilling pump, a drilling rig, drilling a rising well under a conductor with a flange, cementing the conductor, attaching a pipe pickup and a wellhead body to the conductor flange with a sealing ring, a pressure sleeve, a branch pipe and a valve, drilling an upcoming well with a drill to the first aquifer, leaving a lintel and removing it, drilling an intermediate casing b, drilling a filter column of pipes having a smaller diameter than the diameter of the intermediate pipe string and removing the packer and packer tubes from it, characterized in that they mount an additional mud pump and connect it to the outlet pipe of the wellhead body, after removing the drill set at the outlet of this nozzle nozzle, the diameter of which is calculated depending on the static level of the aquifers at the wellhead, the drilling fluid is continuously supplied with an additional mud pump to create pressure between the walls of the well and the intermediate or filter pipe string above the reservoir, while the additional mud pump operates continuously while drilling with these pipe pipes, and the main one is turned on only for the time of rock destruction, after the pipe is finished drilling with the intermediate pipe string and planted to the roof of the first aquifer horizons overlap the annular space between the conductor and this column by supplying a sealing ring with a ring rigidly fixed to the lower end of the intermediate column pipes, and after drilling, the filter pipe string is suspended from the flange of the pressure sleeve, a valve is attached to it, a valve is fixed to the branch pipe and the nozzle is dismantled. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when constructing a rising drainage well in the first aquifer, a filter pipe string is used as an intermediate pipe string. 3. A device for opening aquifers in unstable rocks with a rising drainage well, including a drilling rig, a rotator, a main drilling pump, a drill, an intermediate pipe string, a filter pipe string and equipment for a wellhead containing a conductor, a wellhead body, pipe pickup, an oil seal , a pressure sleeve, an outlet pipe and a valve, characterized in that the intermediate pipe string is provided with a ring rigidly mounted on its lower end with the possibility of installing a sealing ring for In order to close the annular gap between the conductor and the intermediate pipe string, the device is also equipped with an additional mud pump connected to the outlet pipe of the wellhead, as well as a nozzle installed at the outlet of this pipe, the diameter of which depends on the static level of the aquifers at the wellhead, and a rotary crane for water passage into the branch pipe from the additional mud pump.

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