RU2384606C2 - Procedure for production of composite mixture for forming coating on interacting surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: composite mixture for forming coating on interacting surfaces is produced by mixing solid-lubricate composition, nano-dimension particles and primary soot, by mechanic activation of mixture with binding, by placing it between interacting surfaces and running-in. Nano-dimension particles (SiO₂, FeO, Fe₂O₃, Na₂O, K₂O) are produced by their transfer in the flow of hydrogen out of heated natural clays and by settling in a bubbler with oil I-8. Primary soot is produced at burning electrolysis electrodes in electric arc and by settling into the same bubbler with oil I-8. Solid-lubricant composition is produced by milling mixture out of serpentine, surface active substance and magnesium concentrate corresponding to wastes of geo-thermal water purification.

EFFECT: simplified process of simultaneous production of several kinds of components, improved running-in of piston rings and cylinder sleeves, and increased engine power at 10-15%.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, and in particular to a method for producing a composite mixture for use in tribological conjugations, including a binder (I-8 oil), several types of nanosized particles of SiO ₂ , FeO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ O, K ₂ O obtained by transportation hydrogen from heated natural clays, as well as transporting hydrogen products of primary soot obtained on an electric arc of electrolysis electrodes, a solid lubricant composition obtained by grinding a mixture of: serpentine, magnesium concentrate and surfactant ( AB- OP-7), to a particle size of 1 ... 40 mm.

Several methods are known for producing particles of silica of various sizes.

According to the patent of the Russian Federation 2079429, highly dispersed silicon dioxide is obtained from sodium silicate using hydrochloric acid and a surfactant. Particle sizes are not reported [1].

According to FR patent application 95112453 from 08/12/1994, [2] silicon dioxide is also obtained by the precipitation method. Particle sizes are not reported. Both methods are multi-stage and difficult to implement in production and do not provide for the simultaneous production of several types of nanosized particles.

According to the patent of the Russian Federation 2067077, application 94002568/26 dated 01/26/1994, “A method for producing ultrafine SiO and a device for its implementation” [3] silicon dioxide is obtained from the vapor phase with particle sizes and with a specific surface of 100 m ² / g. The resulting silicon dioxide powder has large particle sizes, and the device uses an expensive electron accelerator.

The closest in combination of essential features and purpose is the "Method of forming a coating on rubbing surfaces", patent RU 2179270 [4]. According to the specified method for rubbing surfaces using a mixture of I-8 oil and solid lubricant composition, which is a product of grinding to 1 ... 40 microns, serpentine, amphibole, prirophyllite and surfactant (OP-7). Disadvantage: the solid lubricant composition does not contain reactive nanosized particles to form a durable coating on rubbing surfaces.

The aim of the invention is to improve the manufacturability of the method for producing a composite lubricant mixture based on I-8 oil, nanosized particles, primary carbon black and solid lubricant composition.

This goal is achieved by using natural serpentine, magnesium concentrate, which is a waste of geothermal water treatment, surfactants in the proposed percentage by weight using nanosized particles of SiO ₂ , FeO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ O, K ₂ as components of a composite lubricant mixture О, obtained by transferring hydrogen to a bubbler with oil from finely dispersed natural clays heated in the furnace and primary soot obtained by burning electrolysis electrodes in an electric arc and mixing the resulting mixture with solid lubricant composition.

The solid lubricating composition includes starting materials (ingredients) in the following wt.%: Serpentine - 7.5-11.5; magnesium concentrate - 25-35; Surfactant - 45-65.

A mixture of nanosized particles, active carbon black and oil includes in wt.%:

I-8 oil the rest is over 100 nanoscale particles in total 53 primary soot 47

Between the rubbing surfaces place a composition containing, wt.%:

solid lubricant composition 1,5 nanoscale particles in total 0.825 primary soot 0.675 binder 97.

The solid lubricant composition is prepared by co-grinding the serpentine, magnesium concentrate and surfactant in the above weight percent to a fineness of 1 ... 40 microns and is added in the above percent to the mixture obtained in the barbator.

Primary carbon black is active carbon black obtained by burning without oxygen when burning in an arc of electrolysis electrodes with particle sizes of 1-50 nm.

Nanosized particles - particles of SiO ₂ , FeO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ O, K ₂ O, obtained from the dehydration dispersion of hydrated natural clays at a temperature of 200 to 600 ° C in a quartz tube, transferring them in a gas (hydrogen) stream and deposition in a barbator with I-8 oil. The size of the nanoparticles is 1-20 nm.

Serpentine is a natural material, which is a mixture of chrysotile asbestos, ofite, antigorite and lysardite in parts by weight 1: 3, 5: 2, 5: 3.

Magnesium concentrate is a waste obtained during the purification of highly mineralized thermal waters, containing oxides in wt.%: MgO 80-88, CaO 10-18, FeO-AlO 0.2-2.2, SiO 1.6-3.5.

Surfactant - (surfactant) in our case, OP-7.

In the proposed method, the reactive active part of the lubricant mixture is obtained according to a simple scheme with a minimum number of technological operations.

The proposed method consists in simplifying the technology for producing simultaneously several types of nanosized particles from natural clay and soot to form a wear-resistant coating on rubbing surfaces. At high pressure and temperature in the contact zones of the tribo-conjugation, the nanoparticles, together with the microparticles, penetrate the surface layer of the metal with the loss of hydrogen from particles of primary soot (which can hold up to three hydrogen molecules), as well as the formation of a silicon compound with carbon, carbon hybridization in the surface layer , the formation of a solid solution of iron carbide and iron silicates.

The lubricating composite mixture obtained by the proposed method differs in its structure from the known composite mixtures in that it contains several types of components obtained simultaneously in one installation. The proposed technology, device and lubricant mixture are applicable in various industries to improve the performance of tribological parts.

The drawing shows a diagram of a device for producing a lubricating composite mixture for rubbing surfaces based on I-8 oil, nanosized particles and primary soot.

A device for implementing the proposed method includes a quartz tube 1 with natural clay 2, an electric furnace 3, a hydrogen source 4, a cooler 5, an oil bubbler I-8 6, a water-cooled copper tube 7 with water-cooled electrodes 8 from electrolysis electrodes.

The method is as follows.

The initial clay, for example, of the Semenovskoye deposit, after washing and grinding, is dried to constant mass and placed in a quartz tube 1, which is located in an electric furnace and connected at one end to a hydrogen source 4 and the other to a cooler 5 connected to a barbator 6 with I-8 oil . Then, air is displaced from the quartz tube 1 by hydrogen and an electric furnace 3 is turned on. Clay 2 is heated to 600 ° C and held at this temperature for one hour. With a stream of hydrogen, nanosized particles of SiO ₂ , FeO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ O, K ₂ O are carried away into the oil bubbler.

Qualitative and quantitative chromatographic analyzes of a sample of oil from a barbator establish the content of nanosized particles obtained within one hour. They should be in wt.% The following: SiO ₂ 20-25, FeO 8-11, Fe ₂ O ₃ 6-8, Na ₂ O 5-7, K ₂ O 6-10. Then the barbator is connected to another part of the installation, designed to produce primary soot, where at the beginning air is also expelled from the copper tube with hydrogen and an electric arc is switched on between the graphite electrolysis electrodes. Then, also by chromatographic analysis, we determine the content of primary carbon black in wt.% In the barbator. Upon reaching its content in barbater oil of 44 ... 46% (of the total amount of additives in oil), we stop the saturation process and collect the missing part to the required 47% of soot from the wall of a water-cooled copper tube. To obtain a mixture of primary carbon black with fullerenes, carbon black collected from the walls of a copper tube can be treated in boiling toluene.

The final mixture of the solid lubricant composition and the mixture obtained in the bubbler is subjected to mechanical activation by ultrasound and, if necessary, adding I-8 oil.

A lubricant mixture in an amount of 200 g should contain: a solid lubricant composition in an amount of 1.5 g, nanosized particles and primary soot in a total of 1.5 g, I-8 oil in an amount of 197 g, which corresponds to the composition placed between the rubbing surfaces in wt. .%: solid lubricant composition 1.5%, nanoscale particles in total and primary carbon black 1.5% and binder oil I-8 97%.

The use of the proposed composite mixture as a lubricant leads, for example, to a noticeable increase in the thickness of the teeth along the pitch circle of the gears (up to 0.2 mm).

In addition, the proposed lubricating composite mixture when introduced into engine oils increases the pressure in the cylinders, which indicates an improvement in the running-in of the piston rings and cylinder liners. At the same time, an increase in engine power by 10 ... 15% and a decrease in motor fuel consumption by 7 ... 10% were observed.

Literature

Analogs

1. RF patent No. 2079229.

2. Patent FR application 95112453 from 08/12/1994

Prototypes

3. Patent RU No. 2179270 of 02/10/2002

4. RF patent No. 2067077 dated 09.27.1996.

Claims (1)

A method of producing a composite mixture for forming a coating on rubbing surfaces based on serpentine and surfactant, including mechanical activation with a binder, placing the mixture between the rubbing surfaces and its running-in, characterized in that it involves the preliminary preparation of a solid lubricant composition by mixing serpentine and surfactant with magnesium concentrate, which is a waste of geothermal water treatment, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
serpentine 7.5-11.5 magnesium concentrate 25-35 Surfactant 45-65,
followed by adding a mixture to the resulting composition,
containing I-8 oil, nano-sized particles of SiO ₂ , FeO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ O, K ₂ O obtained by hydrogen transfer from heated natural clays, and primary soot obtained by burning electrolysis electrodes in an electric arc, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
nano-sized particles in total 53 primary soot 47 I-8 oil over one hundred,
while placed between the rubbing surfaces of the composite mixture contains, wt.%:
solid lubricant composition 1,5 nano-sized particles in total 0.825 primary soot 0.675 binder 97

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