RU2357123C2 - Method for formation of coating on interfacing surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to machine building, in particular to method for formation of strong wear-resistant film coat in friction units of fuel, hydraulic, precision systems, gear and chain drives, systems with circulating lubrication used in automobile and other industry fields. Method includes crushing of initial mixture of minerals containing serpentine in the form of mixture chrysotile - asbestos, ophite, antigorite and lizardite taken in wt parts as follows 1:2.5-4.0:1.5-3.0:2.0-3.5, magnesium concentrate produced in cleaning of highly mineralised thermal water, which is characterised by the following content of oxides, wt %: MgO 80-88; CaO 10-18; Fe₂O₃ -Al₂O₃ 0.2 -2.2; SiO₂ 1.6-3.5, with addition of surface active material, and crushing down to dispersity of 1-40 mcm, with further addition of mixture of soot and fullerenes that contains 90% soot and 10% fullerene and nanocrystalline amorphous silicon dioxide produced from rice husks with particle size of 20-100 nm, mixing with further mechanical activation of thermal lubricant composition with binder, placement of prepared composition between interfacing surfaces and its wearing-in.

EFFECT: reduced coefficient of interfacing surfaces friction, increase of their wear resistance.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to a method for forming a coating on rubbing surfaces, and can be used to form a durable wear-resistant coating in friction units of fuel, hydraulic, precision systems, gear and chain transmissions, circulating lubricated systems used in automobile and other industries.

A known method of forming a coating on rubbing surfaces, according to which solid lubricant compositions are used to form a coating on rubbing surfaces, including serpentine, amphibole, pyrophyllite, surfactants, mechanically activating the obtained solid lubricant composition with a binder, placing the resulting composition between the rubbing surfaces and its subsequent running-in, using a mixture of minerals with a dispersion of 1-40 microns, and the composition placed between the rubbing surfaces contains, wt.%: a mixture of minerals 0.5-2.5; a binder of 96.7 [1]. The known method does not provide the formation of a strongly bonded structure with the friction surface of the layer and the complete filling of thin pores and cracks, since in the proposed solid lubricant composition there are no ultrafine or nanocrystalline particles.

There is also known a method of forming a coating on rubbing surfaces, which consists in the fact that between the rubbing surfaces of the elements of the friction pair place a pre-activated mixture of abrasive-like powder in an organic binder, after which the friction surfaces of the elements are worked in, using an activated mixture containing the following ingredients, wt.% : natural serpentine 0.5-400; sulfur 0.1-50; Surfactants 1-40, with a dispersion of 0.1-2 microns [2]. The known method also does not allow to completely eliminate surface defects, and also does not provide the formation of a tightly bonded connection with the friction surface.

The closest analogous solution to the technical nature and the achieved effect is a method of forming coatings on rubbing surfaces, where solid lubricant compositions are used, including natural magnesium hydrosilicates, serpentines, talc.

With the introduction of the specified composition between the rubbing surfaces in a mixture with binders, subsequent run-in leads to the formation of wear-resistant coatings on the rubbing metal surfaces, significantly changing their wear [3]. However, the known method also does not provide complete filling of microcracks and micropores due to the absence of ultrafine particles in the mixture.

To solve this problem, the present method of coating formation on rubbing surfaces is proposed, including grinding the initial mixture of minerals containing serpentine in the form of a mixture of chrysotile - asbestos, ofita, antigorite and lysardite, taken in wt.% 1: 2.5-4.0: 1 5-3.0: 2.0-3.5, magnesium concentrate obtained by purification of highly mineralized thermal waters, characterized by the content of oxides, wt.%: MgO 80-88; CaO 10-18; Fe ₂ O ₃ —Al ₂ O ₃ 0.2-2.2; SiO ₂ 1.6-3.5, with the addition of a surfactant as a dispersant, grinding to a particle size of 1-40 microns, followed by the addition of a mixture of soot and fullerenes consisting of 90% carbon black and 10% fullerene and nanocrystalline amorphous silicon dioxide to the resulting mass obtained from rice husk, with particle sizes of 20-100 nm, mixing followed by mechanical activation of the solid lubricant composition in an amount of 3 g with a binder in an amount of 197 g, placing the resulting composition between the rubbing surfaces and its running-in, while placed between the rubbing surfaces NOSTA composition comprises, in weight.%: 1.5 solid lubricating composition, the binder 98.5, wherein the solid lubricating composition comprises ingredients in the following ratio, wt.%:

carbon black mixture with fullerenes 4,5-5,5 nanocrystalline amorphous silicon dioxide 6.5-7.5 magnesium concentrate 25-35 serpentine 45-65 Surfactant 7.5-11.5

The proposed method involves the use of a binder on any basis: oils, fuel mineral oils, synthetic oils, as well as any surface-active substances (surfactants) used as dispersants for grinding.

The tribotechnical effect of the proposed method is achieved equally on various binders and surfactants due to the qualitative and quantitative composition of the mineral mixture.

In the process of implementing the proposed method, reactions begin to proceed in mixtures of solids in the presence of favorable thermodynamic conditions. The main conditions for the reactions of solids are the presence of a large contact surface, diffusion, and temperature. The surface area of the contacts for the same total volume of the powder increases with increasing grain dispersion and is proportional to the pressure during powder pressing.

In the proposed method, the presence of ultrafine or nanocrystalline particles of amorphous silicon dioxide, soot and fullerenes leads to the occurrence of a chemical reaction between solids during normal operation of rubbing surfaces. Ultrafine amorphous silicon dioxide combines with the iron of the workpiece to form iron silicates, as well as soot and fullerenes with the formation of silicon carbide and iron carbide. The presence in the mixture of minerals of oxides of magnesium and calcium contributes to the occurrence of reactions in the solid state with high heat and high speed. For example, according to [3], at a temperature of 1250 ° С, the reaction takes 80% in two minutes. Under the pressure of high loads and temperatures in the contact zones, crystallization water in the composition of crystalline hydrates is replaced by carbon atoms from a hydrocarbon binder.

Intruding into the metal surface with the loss of crystallization water, the crystals simultaneously become catalysts for the cementation process of the surface layer and the skeleton for building up the surface layers, i.e., carbon saturation of the surface layer of metal leads to the formation of a solid solution of iron carbide.

Ultrafine amorphous silicon dioxide combines with carbon, and superhard carborundum near-surface layers are formed, and carbon hybridization in the surface layer is a product of the formation of a diamond-like carbon structure.

The resulting near-surface layer improves the durability of the contact, reduces the friction coefficient by 18-20 times and compensates for the wear of the surfaces of friction pairs.

The proposed composition in the friction unit can be entered through a standard lubrication system, that is, through the fuel supply or by spraying on the surface of the contact zones. The main process of coating formation on rubbing surfaces is in the normal operation of the site.

Example

The following components were used to prepare the solid lubricant composition: serpentine in the form of a mixture of 5 g of chrysotile asbestos, 17.5 g ofite, 12.5 g of antigorite and 15 g of lysordite (in mass parts: respectively), (1: 3.5 : 2.5: 3); 30 g of magnesium concentrate, 8 g of surfactant (OP-7), 7 g of ultrafine amorphous silicon dioxide and 5 g of a mixture of carbon black and fullerenes. The components are mixed in the atrium, controlling the degree of grinding to a fineness of 1-40 microns, followed by adding to the resulting mass a mixture of carbon black and fullerenes, consisting of 90% carbon black and 10% fullerene and nanocrystalline amorphous silicon dioxide, obtained from rice husk with a particle size of 20- 100 nm, mixing followed by mechanical activation of the solid lubricant composition in an amount of 3 g with a binder in an amount of 197 g, placing the resulting composition between the rubbing surfaces and its running-in, while being placed between the rubbing surfaces tyami composition comprises, in weight%:.. the solid lubricating composition is 0.8-2.2, the binder 97,8-99,2, wherein the solid lubricating composition comprises ingredients in the following ratio, wt%:

carbon black mixture with fullerenes 4,5-5,5 nanocrystalline amorphous silicon dioxide 6.5-7.5 magnesium concentrate 25-35 serpentine 45-65 Surfactant 7.5-11.5

in this case, ultrafine amorphous silicon dioxide was obtained using the method proposed in the patent [4], and a mixture of carbon black and fullerenes was obtained by a method based on the thermal decomposition of graphite in an argon medium, that is, in the so-called "fullerene arc" according to the method of V. Kretchmer .

The application of the claimed technology on internal combustion engines showed that fuel economy reaches 30-35%, the state of the internal combustion engine is significantly improved.

Literature

1. Patent RU No. 2179270 C1. 12/20/2000.

2. Patent RU No. 2059121 C1, 04/27/1996.

3. Patent RU No. 2035636 C1, 05.20.1995.

4. RU No. 2191159, 10.20.2002,

Claims (1)

A method of forming a coating on rubbing surfaces, characterized in that it includes grinding the initial mixture of minerals containing serpentine in the form of a mixture of chrysotile - asbestos, ophite, antigorite and lysardite, taken in parts by weight 1: 2.5-4.0: 1.5-3.0: 2.0-3.5, magnesium concentrate obtained by purification of highly mineralized thermal waters, characterized by the content of oxides, wt.%: MgO 80-88; CaO 10-18; Fe ₂ O ₃ -Al ₂ O ₃ 0.2-2.2; SiO ₂ ; 1.6-3.5, with the addition of a surfactant as a dispersant, to a dispersion of 1-40 microns, followed by the addition of a mixture of soot and fullerones, consisting of 90% carbon black and 10% fullerene and nanocrystalline amorphous silicon dioxide, obtained from rice husks with particle sizes of 20-100 nm, mixing followed by mechanical activation of the thermo-lubricating composition with a binder, placing the resulting composition between the rubbing surfaces and its running-in, while the composition placed between the rubbing surfaces contains wt.%: solid lubricant mpozitsiya 0.8-2.2, 97,8-99,2 binder, wherein the solid lubricating composition comprises ingredients in the following ratio, wt.%:
carbon black mixture with fullerenes 4,5-5,5 nanocrystalline amorphous silicon dioxide 6.5-7.5 magnesium concentrate 25-35 serpentine 45-65 Surfactant 7.5-11.5