RU2384474C2 - Combat aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: air transport.

SUBSTANCE: combat aircraft includes hull, front and rear wings, even number of gas turbine engines. The latter are installed under front wings at lower pillars; they are equipped with fuel system, compressor, combustion chamber and turbine. There is also electric generator interrelated with compressor and weapon. The airplane is equipped with combat aircraft lasers of gas-discharge type installed in boxes of aerodynamic shape at upper pillars of front wings. Lasers are made with driven ball-type optical heads; they are connected by air intake pipelines and fuel lines with regulating valves and gas turbine engines.

EFFECT: improvement of combat characteristics of the airplane.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aviation, namely to military aircraft.

Known hypersonic aircraft according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 20100744. The aircraft body is made in any longitudinal section along a cubic parabola with a blunt stern and a sweep angle along the leading edge of at least 60 °. The elevator is made in the form of a hinged front part of the body.

The disadvantage is the relatively low flight speed of the aircraft M = 4 ... 6.

Known aircraft patent RF invention No. 2263611, containing the fuselage, the wings of the starting and gas turbine engines, as well as weapons: machine guns, guns and missiles.

The disadvantages of this aircraft: the relatively low armament of the aircraft with conventional weapons, as ammunition is very limited. In addition, the power of the weapon and the range of its destruction is also very limited. The accuracy of aiming for each type of weapon depends on the means of aiming at the target and deteriorates with increasing firing range. Simultaneous combat with more than 10 enemy targets is very problematic. Shooting at targets with very high flight speeds: missiles and satellites, is almost impossible.

The task of creating a combat aircraft and laser weapons of the aircraft: improving the combat qualities of the aircraft.

The solution to these problems was achieved in a combat aircraft containing the fuselage, front and rear wings, an even number of gas turbine engines installed under the front wings of the aircraft on the lower pylons and made with the fuel system, compressor, combustion chamber and turbine, as well as an electric generator connected to the compressor, and armament, characterized in that laser armament is used in the form of aviation-based combat lasers of a gas-discharge type, mounted in streamlined cases, respectively, on the upper pi onah front wings made with spherical optical heads having a drive and connected by pipelines bleed air and fuel lines containing control valves, turbine engines. The air intake pipe is connected to a collector made behind the compressor of a gas turbine engine. Half of the aircraft-based combat lasers are installed so that the optical ball head is directed forward in flight, and the other half of the lasers so that the optical head is directed back. Guiding lasers are installed on the front wings and in the front and rear of the fuselage.

The solution of these problems was achieved in an aircraft laser weapon system containing aviation-based combat lasers containing an inflation chamber, an optical head and an exhaust system installed in a streamlined body, air sampling pipes, fuel lines and cables coming from electric generators are connected to the pump chamber, characterized in that it contains an on-board computer and guidance lasers, connected by electrical connections between themselves and with the actuators of the optical head and fuel valves and a valve ami regulators.

The proposed technical solution has novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability, i.e. all the criteria of the invention.

The novelty of the proposed technical solution is confirmed by patent research, the inventive step is that a new set of essential features made it possible to obtain a new technical effect, namely, a decrease in the acceleration time of the aircraft to hypersonic speeds and an increase in flight speed. Industrial applicability is due to the fact that the implementation of the invention does not require the creation of new parts and assemblies not known from the prior art and new technologies.

The invention is illustrated in figure 1 ... 4, where:

figure 1 - shows a diagram of a combat aircraft, top view,

figure 2 is a side view of a military space aircraft,

figure 3 is a rear view of a combat aircraft,

figure 4 is a diagram of a gas turbine engine of a combat aircraft and a laser weapon system of the aircraft and the power supply of an aircraft-based combat laser from a gas turbine engine with compressed air, fuel and electricity.

The strategic aviation plane (Figs. 1 ... 4) contains the fuselage 1, the cockpit 2, the front wings 3, the rear wings 4 and the tail unit 5. Under the front wings 3 on the lower pylons 6 gas turbine engines 7 are installed. For an example, a four-engine aircraft will be further considered. .

Above each gas turbine engine 7 on the upper pylons 8, an aviation-based combat laser 9 is mounted, comprising a streamlined body 10, an optical head 11 with a drive 12 and an exhaust system 13. The optical head 11 is made spherical with the possibility of horizontal and vertical rotation with the help of a drive 12 up to 180 degrees.

Half of the aircraft-based combat lasers 9 are oriented so that the optical head 11 is directed in the direction of flight, and the other half is in the opposite direction. Air-borne combat lasers 9 have air intake pipelines 14 containing control valves 15 from engines 7. Thus, air-based combat lasers 7 are capable of hitting targets 16. For guidance on target 16, guidance lasers 17 mounted in front of the fuselage on front and hind wings 3 and 4, respectively. Guidance lasers 17 are connected by electrical connections 18 with the on-board computer 19.

The fuselage 1 of the aircraft is mounted on the chassis 20 (figure 3), designed for takeoff and landing of the aircraft.

Gas turbine engines 7, which can be from one to eight, are made of the same design (Fig. 4) and contain an air intake 21, a compressor 22, a combustion chamber 23 with nozzles 24, a turbine 25 and a jet nozzle 26. The gas turbine engine 7 has two shafts 27 and 28 mounted on supports 29. An electric generator 30 is connected to one of the shafts, for example, to a shaft 27. Power cables 31, connected to the electrodes 32 installed in the pump chamber 33, leave the electric generator 30. Behind the compressor 22 (preferably the last stage of the compressor) bleed air manifold 34 to which a valve controller 16 coupled bleed air system 15, the other end of which is connected to the combat aircraft based laser 9 located above the corresponding gas turbine engine 7, which allows to minimize the pressure losses in the bleed air system. Gas turbine engines 7 comprise fuel systems 35 with a fuel pump 36. A fuel line 37 is connected to the fuel system 35 with a shut-off valve 38, the other end of which is connected to a perforated fuel manifold 39 mounted in the pump chamber 33.

Estimated characteristics of a strategic aviation aircraft

Flight speed M = 3,5 Starting weight, t 290 Take-off thrust of turbojet engines, t 4 × 25 Power of combat lasers in dense atmosphere, MW 4 × 5 Laser weapon continuous operation time in dense atmosphere, h 10

Conventional armament can be additionally installed on an airplane: machine guns and an aircraft gun.

When the fuel takes off, the fuel pump 36 enters the nozzles 28 of the combustion chamber 27, where it is ignited. The combustion products spin the turbine 29. The turbine 29 through the shafts 31 spins the compressor 26, as a result of the jet nozzle 30 creates a jet thrust for flight.

For the use of laser weapons, the control valve 14 is opened and part of the compressed air (up to 20% of the total air flow passing through the gas turbine engine 6) is taken through the air sampling pipe 13 from each gas turbine engine 6 for pumping a laser beam in an aviation-based combat laser 7 or 10. In a specific project, a gas-dynamic laser is used, because the reserves of compressed air taken from engines 6 are practically unlimited, compared with a chemical laser.

The laser beam of an aircraft-based combat laser 7 exits through the optical head 8 and is aimed at the target using the guidance system, which includes guidance lasers 16 and 17, the on-board computer 19 and the executive organs of the laser beam guidance system on the target, i.e. vertical guidance drive 20 and rotary mechanism 21. Vertical guidance is carried out by the vertical guidance drive (hydraulic cylinder) 20. When the vertical guidance drive rod 10 is extended, the angle α between the longitudinal axis of the aircraft and the longitudinal axis of the aircraft-based laser 7 increases.

For example (FIGS. 2 and 3), horizontal pointing at the target 15 of the lower laser 10 is shown. Horizontal guidance to targets flying in front of the aircraft during flight in dense atmospheric layers can also be carried out by the aircraft, mismatching the thrust of engines 6 and / or aerodynamic means. The defeat of single targets can be carried out using a single aviation-based laser 7 or 10. For the simultaneous destruction of several targets, use all of the combat aircraft-based lasers 7 and 10, while their guidance is carried out mismatched, i.e. independently, using guidance lasers 16 and 17. If necessary, to obtain a high-power laser beam, all upper aviation-based lasers 7 or all lower-10 lasers can be aimed at one object, which will increase the laser beam power by 4 times and increase the likelihood of hitting a target .

The application of the invention allowed:

1. Significantly increase the combat capabilities of the aircraft due to:

- the use of powerful laser weapons in the form of several gas-dynamic lasers protecting both the front and rear hemispheres of a combat aircraft,

- supplying aviation-based combat lasers (pumping) with electric energy taken from electric generators installed on the shaft of gas turbine engines, supplying energy by burning fuel in compressed air, taken from all engines of a multi-engine aircraft due to compressors (beyond their last stage),

- the location of aviation-based combat lasers in close proximity to gas turbine engines, from which compressed air, fuel and electricity are taken.

2. Fight simultaneously with several enemy targets (in a specific example with 4) through the use of several aviation-based combat lasers and mismatched laser beams on enemy targets using guidance lasers and a computer.

3. To create a large laser beam power by pointing all aircraft-based lasers at one point.

4. To ensure the possibility of using laser weapons for a long time throughout the flight both in dense atmospheric layers to protect the aircraft from fighter and air defense missiles, and against satellites and ballistic missiles flying at high speed in space or at high altitudes.

5. To ensure that the laser beam is aimed at the target without impairing the aerodynamic qualities of the aircraft when flying in dense layers of the atmosphere, vertical and horizontal guidance at high altitudes, and the use of a ball-shaped optical head with a drive.

Claims (4)

1. A combat aircraft containing the fuselage, front and rear wings, an even number of gas turbine engines installed under the front wings of the aircraft on the lower pylons and made with a fuel system, a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine, an electric generator associated with the compressor, and weapons, characterized in that used laser weapons in the form of aviation-based combat lasers of gas-discharge type, installed in streamlined cases, respectively, on the upper pylons on the front wings, made with balloons optical drive-coupled optical heads and connected by air sampling pipelines and fuel pipelines containing control valves with gas turbine engines. 2. A combat aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the air intake pipe is connected to a manifold made behind the compressor of the gas turbine engine. 3. A combat aircraft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that half of the aircraft-based combat lasers are installed so that the optical ball head is directed forward in flight, and the other half of the lasers so that the optical head is directed back. 4. A combat aircraft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that guidance lasers are installed on the front wings and in the front and rear of the fuselage.

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