RU2379945C1 - Method of increasing intensity of growth of bull calves raised for meet production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agriculture, particularly to methods of increasing intensity of growth of bull-calves raised for production of meat and can be implemented at big industrial complexes for raising and feeding out bull-calves for meat, big and small farms producing beef, at small commodity farms with various processes of breeding stock and at husbandries. Bull-calves raised for meat are fed with addition of conjugated linoleic acid cys-9, trans-11-isomer in contents of basic ration, which changes metabolic processes in bull-calves organisms.

EFFECT: raised intensity growth.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, to methods that increase the growth rate of bulls grown for meat, and in particular to the field of measures aimed at increasing the live weight gain of bulls, and can be used on large and small beef farms, on small commodity farms with various technologies for raising animals in farms.

Currently, work is underway on the active use of conjugated isomers of linoleic acid.

Until recently, linoleic acid conjugates have been studied in medicine mainly as a potential defense against cancer, as an antiatherogenic and antidiabetic agent (Concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic acid) are not increased in tissue lipids of cattle fed a high-concentrate diet supplement with soybean oil. ”J.Anim Sci. 2002 Mar; 80 (3): 847-61. Beaulieu AD, Drackley JK, Merchen NR.“ Factors affecting conjugated linoleic acid content in milk and meat. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2005; 45 (6): 463-82. Dhiman TR, Nam SH, Ure AL).

In order to implement the results of these studies over the past 10-15 years, intensive work has been carried out aimed at increasing the content of translinoleic acids in food (in livestock products) both due to vegetable fats and synthetic linoleic acid conjugates (“The biologically active isomers of conjugated linoleic acid. ”Prog Lipid Res. 2001 Jul; 40 (4): 283-98. Pariza MW, Park Y, Cook ME. Mir PS.“ Growth, carcass characteristics, muscle conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content, and response to intravenous glucose challenge in high percentage Wagyu, Wagyu x Limousin, and Limousin steers fed sunflower oil-containing diet. "J Anim Sci. 2002 Nov; 80 (11): 2996-3004. Mir Z, Kubert PS, Gaskins CT, Martin EL, D odson MV, Calles JA, Johnson KA, Busboom JR, Wood AJ, Pit-tenger GJ, Reeves JJ. “Effects of supplemental rumen-protected conjugated linoleic acid or corn oil on fatty acid composition of adipose tissues in beef cattle.” J Anim Sci. 2004 May; 82 (5): 1419-27. Gillis MH, Duckett SK, Sackmann JR. “Effect of diet and dietary fatty acids on the transformation and incorporation of C18 fatty acids in double-muscled Belgian Blue young bulls.” J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Sep 22; 52 (19): 6035-41 69. Raes K, Fievez V, Chow TT, Ansorena D, Demeyer D, De Smet S. “Effect of feeding intensity and time on feed on intramuscular fatty acid composition of Simmental bulls . ”J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2004 Jun 88 (5-6): 179-87. Sami AS, Augustini C, Schwarz FJ. “Influence of feeding soybean oil on conjugated linoleic acid content in beef.” J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Feb 9; 53 (3): 684-9. Dhiman TR, Zaman S, Olson KS, Bingham HR, Ure AL, Pariza MW).

There are examples of using transisomers of linoleic acid to boratov to increase productivity. In experiments on borovka, its use did not show a growth effect, but an increase in muscle mass, muscle protein, marbling of meat with an increase in fat was shown, a decrease in the thickness of fat on the back increased the content of linoleic acid isomers in muscle tissue with a decrease in the content of unsaturated and increase in saturated acids. In the experiment, we used the CLA60 preparation containing 60% isomers, of which 27% cis-9, trans-11 / trans-9, cis-11 and 20% trans-10, cis-12% cis-10, trans-12 isomers . (Wiegand J.S., Sparks F.C., Parrish Jr, and Zimmerman D.R. Duration of feeding conjugated linolieic acid influences growth performance carcass treits, and meat quality of finishing barrows. J. Anim. Sci. 20 02.80. P.637-643).

In experiments on heifers, it was shown that the use of corn oil and conjugated acid protected from the effects of microflora of the rumen did not affect the growth rate (Effects of supplemental rumen-protected conjugated linoleic acid or linoleic acid on feedlot performance, carcass quality, and leptin concentration in beef cattle. ”J Anim Sci. 2004 Mar; 82 (3): 851-9. Gillis MH, Duckett SK, Sackmann JR, Realini CE, Keisler DH, Pringle TD).

There is an example of the use of sunflower oil as a source of linoleic acid added to the main diet of meat-castrati bulls with a meat productivity direction, which increased the growth rate (“Growth, carcass characteristics, muscle conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content, and response to intravenous glucose challenge in high percentage Wagyu, Wagyu x Limousin, and Limousin steers fed sunflower oil-containing diet "J Anim Sci. 2002 Nov; 80 (11): 2996-3004. Mir PS, Mir Z, Kubert PS, Gaskins CT, Martin EL, Dodson MV, Calles JA, Johnson KA, Busboom JR, Wood AJ, Pittenger GJ, Reeves JJ). However, sunflower oil was used, which along with linoleic acid contains a complex of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. We used conjugated linoleic acid (LUTA-Cla) cis-9, a trans-11 isomer, which is a natural component of muscle, fat and other tissues of cattle and is a biologically active form of conjugated linoleic acid, since it is the only isomer that is part of tissue phospholipids.

The aim of the invention is to increase the growth rate of bulls grown for meat.

The task is to increase the growth rate of bulls grown for meat by adding conjugated linoleic acid to the main diet. Guided by the foregoing, we tested the biologically active substance translinoleic acid in gobies grown for meat.

The inventive method for increasing the intensity of growth of bulls grown for meat, involves the use of biologically active substances of linoleic acid, namely the use of conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, trans-11-isomer.

A distinctive feature is that the bulls grown for meat use conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, trans-11-isomer, as a source of linoleic acid.

Despite the fact that linoleic acid conjugates have been extensively studied recently, the use of conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, a trans-11-isomer of linoleic acid for meat-fed bulls, to increase the growth rate in the available scientific, technical and patent documentation was not revealed by us. This circumstance allows us to consider the claimed invention patentable as meeting the condition of patentability "inventive step" (Patent Law of the Russian Federation of 10/14/1992).

The invention is confirmed by the following examples.

Example 1. To identify the effect of conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, trans-11-isomer, protected from the effects of microflora of the rumen, a test was conducted on gobies of Kholmogory breed with a live weight of 224 kg. The keeping of animals is tethered, feeding - individual two-time with free access to water. The addition of conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, trans-11-isomer (LUTA-CLA preparation, BASF company) was obtained at the rate of 0.1 g / kg body weight for 31 days as part of the main diet mixed with mixed feed for each feeding in equal doses . The drug LUTA-CLA is used as a feed additive for the regulation of lipid metabolism in the body of cattle. The mechanism of action of LUTA-CLA is to block the synthesis of milk fat in the body of cows during the period from 25 to 50 days of lactation. This period is characterized by a lack of energy consumed for the synthesis of milk components and the maintenance of the body, which leads to the depletion of the animal and the appearance of a number of diseases. The diet of gobies consisted of: oat hay, cereal silage and compound feed (in accordance with the standards for intensive rearing and fattening of young cattle). To assess the growth rate, animals were weighed monthly, for two contiguous days prior to morning feeding.

To substantiate the effect of conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, trans-11-isomer on biochemical processes in the body of gobies grown for meat, leading to a change in growth intensity, we determined the following indicators in blood plasma: activity of pyruvate carboxylase, a key enzyme of gluconeogenesis from pyruvic acid , lactate dehydrogenase, determined in the experiment, characterizes the conversion of lactate as a final product of anaerobic glycolysis and a product of cicatricial microflora metabolism, glucose concentration and and Sulina, and the concentration of urea, amino acids characterizing oxidation, including the use of amino acids in the process of gluconeogenesis.

In the group according to the proposed method with the use of conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, the trans-11-isomer for gobies grown for meat, despite lower gluconeogenesis from pyruvic acid and the concentration of glucose in the blood plasma before feeding and 3 hours after it increased insulin concentration both before and after feed intake. In gobies according to the proposed method, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase also decreased, which indicates a decrease in the process of glycolysis (table 1). Moreover, in the bulls in the group according to the proposed method, the growth rate increased and amounted to 107.8% in relation to the control group. Insulin leads to increased muscle protein synthesis and increased muscle building. This was facilitated by lower proteolysis and lower use of amino acids in the process of gluconeogenesis, as evidenced by the lower concentration of urea in blood plasma in animals of this group (Table 1), which indicates other energy sources that provide increased growth rate of gobies fed with compound feed conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, trans-11-isomer. This is confirmed by a lower than in the control group, the ratio of the activity of pyruvate carboxylase to the activity of lactate dehydrogenase one hour after ingestion of feed (the value of this ratio in the group according to the proposed method was 20.1% (P <0.04) in relation to the control) and lower the concentration of triglycerol in their blood plasma before taking food. Such a metabolic situation indicates a higher activity of the Krebs cycle in the tissues of gobies when conjugated linoleic acid is used and the predominant use of the Krebs cycle reactions to generate biological energy compared to glycolysis.

Thus, the conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, trans-11-isomer, added to the main diet, changed the biochemical processes in the body of bulls grown for meat, which in turn led to an increase in the growth rate in the group according to the proposed method (table 2 )

Table 1. The activity of pyruvate carboxylase, lactate dehydrogenase, the concentration of insulin, urea in blood plasma and the concentration of glucose in the blood of bulls grown for meat Group Indicators Time after feed intake, hours 0 one 3 one 2 3 four 5 Pyruvate carboxylase, μmol NAD.N / min / L Control M ± m 128 ± 2.5 - 164 ± 3.7 According to the proposed method M ± m 30 ± 0.7 - 143 ± 4.7 To control,% 23,4 - 87.2 Lactate dehydrogenase activity, mol of formazan / min / l Control M ± m 31 ± 2.5 34 ± 1,1 - According to the proposed method M ± m 30 ± 4.8 25 ± 5.0 - To control,% 96.8 73.5 - one 2 3 four 5 Glucose, mg% Control M ± m 76.41 ± 2.90 70.71 ± 0.56 74.18 ± 1.54 According to the proposed method M ± m 71.89 ± 1.08 72.07 ± 0.44 73.24 ± 2.09 To control,% 94.1 101.9 98.7 Urea, mol / L Control M ± m 3.18 ± 0.29 3.91 ± 0.30 3.81 ± 0.59 According to the proposed method M ± m 3.13 ± 0.16 3.93 ± 0.11 3,59 ± 0,13 To control,% 98.4 100.6 94.4 Insulin, mced / ml Control M ± m 8.03 ± 1.24 13.13 ± 0.89 9.09 ± 1.46 According to the proposed method M ± m 9.00 ± 0.33 17.94 ± 1.67 10.35 ± 0.78 To control,% 112.1 136.7 113.9 Table 2. Live weight and average daily gain in live weight of calves, g Indicators Groups control by the proposed method Live weight kg 280 ± 10 285 ± 3.1 The average daily gain, g 1482 ± 61 1597 ± 72 To the control group,% 101.8 107.5

Information sources

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the growth rate of gobies grown for meat, involving the use of the biologically active substance linoleic acid added to the main diet, characterized in that the gobies use conjugated linoleic acid cis-9, trans-11-isomer as a source of linoleic acid.