RU2379067C1 - Method for correction of adaptive processes in sportsmen organisms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns medicine, particularly physiotherapy and sports medicine, and can be used for optimisation of energy-metabolic and vegetation components of adaptive processes in sportsmen organisms. The sportsmen are examined for total nonspecific reactance by leukogram by L.H.Garkavy's method. If training reaction is detected, the eyes are exposed to irradiated red or orange light-emitting diodes. If quiet or raised activation reaction is observed, green or dark blue light-emitting diodes are used. Exposure is ensured by the apparatus "APEK" at light pulse frequency 9.24±0.2 Hz and duration 5-6 seconds, alternately on each eye during 8 min before noon, after morning training. Therapeutic course is 10 daily procedures.

EFFECT: method allows optimising energy-metabolic and vegetation processes of a sportsman organism, carrying out prevention of disadaptation disorders in sportsmen.

16 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to physiotherapy and sports medicine, and can be used to optimize the energy-metabolic and autonomic components of the adaptive processes of the body of athletes.

The problems of maintaining high tolerance to physical activity and maintaining health are very relevant in modern sports of high achievements (Iordanskaya F.A., Yudintseva M.S. Diagnostics and differentiated correction of symptoms of maladaptation to the loads of modern sports and a comprehensive system of measures for their prevention. // Theory and physical culture practice. - 1999. - No. 1. - P.21-26; Rogoza A.N., Heilits G.I., Pevzner A.V. et al. Key factors of instability of the circulatory system during orthostatic tests - the possibility of objective analysis . // "Kli physical and physiological aspects of orthostatic disorders. ”- M .: Main Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, 2000, pp. 102-122).

Over the past 20 years, loads in sports have increased 4-5 times with a pronounced "rejuvenation" of almost all its types. For example, there is evidence that modern high-performance sports can have a depressing effect on the immune system. It was established that the higher the sports qualification, the greater the risk of colds - at the peak of physical form it is 53% (Dembo A.G. Foci of chronic infection in athletes.- M., 1970, p.6-19).

The use of physical therapy methods to increase the functional capabilities of the body of athletes is very promising, since in most cases they are not related to doping.

The “Method for the correction of psycho-vegetative imbalance in patients with injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system” was selected as an analogue. The authors propose the use of transcranial stimulation by electric pulses according to the oculooccipital technique. In this case, the stress index of the autonomic nervous system is preliminarily determined according to P.M. Baevsky. The course of exposure to rectangular pulses with sympathicotonia is 5-7, and with vagotonia - 10-12 sessions. With normotonia, two courses of electrotherapy are conducted with triangular pulses of 5 sessions with an interval between them (Korableva N.N., Zhuravleva N.V. “A way to correct psycho-vegetative imbalance in patients with injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system”, patent No. 2137513 of 1999.09. 20, CL A61N 1/32).

However, this technique is intended for the treatment of patients with injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and is not adapted for athletes. In addition, the main disadvantages of low-frequency pulsed electrotherapy are inherent in it - unpleasant or even painful sensations during the passage of electric current through the skin with a high concentration of nerve endings (eyelids, mastoid processes).

As a prototype, the selected method of exposure to human eyes "Device for light therapy" Photon ". The device is used to influence the brain through a visual analyzer with infrared radiation and green light. It contains two light sources. The infrared LEDs are fixed in the center of the light-protective filter glasses. Two green LEDs are located at the ends of the spectacle frame and are covered by a screen mounted respectively at the attachment points of the green LEDs. Both light sources work synchronously (Butukhanov V.V., Butukhanova E.V., Nikolaenko V.T. “Device for phototherapy“ Photon ”, class A61N 5/06, patent No. 2142829 from 1999.12.20. M. class. A61N 5/06). Such an effect provides an increase in metabolic processes, which increases the therapeutic effect during light therapy.

Although this device and method are recommended for use, including in sports medicine, there are no differentiated methods for their application to affect the functional state of athletes.

The objective of the present invention is to optimize the adaptive processes of the body of athletes by pulse stimulation of the visual analyzer with various light spectra based on their differentiated application depending on the initial physiological parameters.

The problem is solved by turning on the mechanisms of urgent adaptation (energy-metabolic, autonomic, etc.) by exposing the eyes to light.

In athletes, the general non-specific reactivity is determined by the leukogram by the method of L.Kh. Garkavi. When a reaction is detected, training exercises affect the eyes with red or orange LEDs. In the presence of a reaction of calm or increased activation, they are affected by green or blue LEDs.

The exposure is carried out by the APEK apparatus with a light pulse repetition rate of 9.2 ± 0.2 Hz and a duration of 5-6 s, alternately for each eye for 8 minutes in the first half of the day, after morning training, for a course of 10 procedures, daily .

The novelty of the invention.

- The athletes determine the total nonspecific reactivity according to the leukogram by the method of L.Kh. Garkavi et al. (Garkavi L.Kh., Kvakina EB, Kuzmenko TS, Shikhlyarova AI Antistress reactions and activation therapy: Part 1. - Yekaterinburg, RIA Filantrop. - 2002, 196 from.). This allows us to assess the nature of the organism’s adaptation to sports training, which acts as a disturbing factor. At each point in time, the body is in one of the stages of the adaptive process - training reaction (RT), calm activation reaction (PCA), increased activation reaction (RPA) or stress. In the process of adaptation, especially in a state of RPA or stress, some systems may be depleted, and then the functioning of the body proceeds in pre-pathological and pathological modes. Therefore, we propose to determine the initial state of reactivity of the athlete’s body before physiotherapeutic exposure and then purposefully act on it, translating it into the desired state.

- When RT is detected, it affects the eyes with red or orange LEDs. Athletes with this type of reaction have a high energy potential, but have not yet reached the peak of their physical abilities.

The red color (650-750 nm) has sympathicotonic, antidepressant, and timorectic effects: it increases the activity of tropic hormones, enhances the synthesis of adrenaline, enhances metabolism, speeds up heart rate and respiration, stimulates appetite, will, thinking, endurance, strength, visual acuity and immunity (Zverev V.A., Mamedov Yu.E. Color-magnetotherapy: Collection of teaching materials. / Ed. By Academician E.F. Levitsky. - Tomsk, 2003. - 40 p .; Balchum O., Doiron D., Huth G Photoradiation therapy of the nervous system using the photodynamic effect of hematoporphyrin derivate. - Lasers Surg. - 1994. - Vol.4. - P.13).

Orange color (585-620 nm) in its physiological effects is approaching red. His ability to accelerate regenerative processes in the nervous tissue and increase muscle strength with a minimally pronounced sympathetic-tonic effect is especially distinguished.

- In the presence of PCA or RPA, they affect green or blue. This type of adaptation is inherent in athletes with a normal or low level of energy processes of the body. Their adaptive systems are tense and are already beginning to be depleted.

Blue color (450-510 nm) lowers the excitability of the central nervous system (CNS), slows down the speed of impulse propagation through nerve fibers (Kiryanova V. Anthology of light. // Physiotherapist. - 2005. No. 9. - P.16-19). It affects the pituitary gland, parasympathetic nervous system, has antibacterial, analgesic, sedative, muscle relaxant and hypnotic effects (Polonsky A.K., Balakov V.F., Ilyin Yu.B. et al. Laser biophotometry in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases etiology and traumatic injuries // Abstracts of the III World Congress on Laser Therapy. - Greece, 2000. - S.96-98).

Green color (510 - 575 nm) balances the processes of excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system, has a local antispastic and decongestant effect, reduces the activity of tropic hormones, stimulates the synthesis of serotonin, and optimizes autonomic regulation (V.A. Kiryanova, 2005).

In all cases, the exposure is carried out by the APEC apparatus using glasses-terminals with LEDs of the desired glow. The pulse repetition rate is 9.24 ± 0.2 Hz, and its duration is 5-6 s, alternately for each eye for 8 minutes in the first half of the day, after morning training, for a course of 10 procedures daily.

The set of essential features of the invention allows to obtain a new useful result, which consists in optimizing the energy-metabolic and vegetative processes of the athlete’s body and in the possibility of preventing maladaptive disorders in athletes.

According to modern data, the basis of health is adaptation, which is a complex of nonspecific and specific changes in the body as a result of a long-term action of a relatively constant strength and specific stimulus (Pavlov S.E. Methodology for the use of physiotherapeutic agents (low-energy IR lasers) in the training process of swimmers: Method, developed for teachers, post-graduate students and students of the RSAFK. - M., RSAFK, - 1997. - 52 p.). This is an unstable functional state (Garkavi L.Kh. Adaptation reactions and body resistance: 2nd ed., Add. - Rostov-on-Don, Rostov University, - 1979. - 128 pp.). Sports training actually acts as a disturbing factor, designed to achieve certain adaptive changes in the athlete's body.

For the first time, a nonspecific reaction of an organism (stress) to qualitatively different superstrong stimuli was described by G. Selye.

This concept was further developed in the theory of general adaptive reactions L.Kh. Garkavi et al. In their opinion, the human body at any given time is in one of the states - training, calm activation, increased activation or stress.

The training reaction is a general nonspecific reaction to mild stimuli when the body is not in danger. Indicators of hormonal levels, immunity and physiological activity correspond to the lower limit of the norm. A shift towards anabolic processes is characteristic.

A calm activation reaction is a state of physiological excitation of an organism that adapts to medium-strength stimuli. Indicators of the immune, hormonal and other systems are in the upper half of the normal range.

A reaction of increased activation is a state of physiological activity, when indicators of immunity, hormonal activity, etc. correspond to the upper limit of the norm. The body has one, the main goal (for example, winning a competition, overcoming the consequences of an injury), and for the sake of it it sacrifices all the others. The state of increased activation cannot be long, it is necessary for the operational solution of important tasks.

Stress is an anxiety reaction. Along with the protection elements, there are signs of damage. It is advisable to adapt at the cost of damage only to an extreme, life-threatening stimulus. In the second stage of stress, the nonspecific resistance of the body nevertheless increases, however, if the stressor was excessively strong or acted for a long time, the stage of exhaustion develops, which can lead to death.

It is believed that in order to obtain each subsequent (previous) reaction, the magnitude of the stimulus force must be multiplied (divided) by a coefficient equal to 1.1-1.25. In practice, to determine the type of adaptive reactions, a method is used to quantify the ratio of cellular elements of white blood (Table 1).

Table 1
Parameters of adaptive reactions of the human body according to the leukogram (according to L.Kh. Garkavi et al., 1979) Type of adaptive reaction Peripheral blood counts Leukocytes (10 ⁹ / l) Eosinophils (%) Band neutrophils (%) Segmented neutrophils. (%) Lymphocytes (%) Monocytes (%) Workout reaction Fine Fine Fine 55-65 21-27 Fine Activation reaction Fine Fine Fine <55 28-45 Fine Zone (reaction) of calm activation Fine Fine Fine 47-55 28-33 Fine Zone (reaction) of increased activation Fine Fine Fine <47 34-45 Fine Stress > 9.0 0 1-6 > 65 <20 2-8

According to the literature, for athletes who tolerate the loads of the training and competitive periods, RT and PCA are most typical, and with a decrease in tolerance to them, RPA (V. Konovalov. Study of adaptive reactions of the body of athletes specializing in athletics endurance. // Man in World of Sports: New Ideas, Technologies, Prospects: Abstracts of the International Congress of Congregations - M., 1998. - T.1. - P.84-85). With regard to stress, its frequency among athletes, even in the competitive period, does not exceed 3.2% (Kuznetsova T.N. Control over tolerance of loads in sports swimming according to indicators of the white blood system. - Abstract of thesis ... Candidate of Medical Sciences. - M., 1989. - 17 pp .; Pavlov S.E. Kuznetsova T.N. Methodology for the use of physiotherapeutic agents (low-energy IR-lasers) in the training process of swimmers: Method.development for teachers, graduate students and students of RGAFK. - M. , RGAFK, - 1997. - 52 p.).

In the process of adaptation, some functions may be depleted, and then the functioning of the body proceeds at the pre-pathological and pathological levels.

The therapeutic efficacy of light has been confirmed by numerous studies (Welhover E.S. Clinical iridology. - M.: Polish-Sov. Ed. - Polygraphic Society "Orbit" Mosk. Fil., 1992, 432 p .; Volkova L.P. The frequency of visual perceptions in the act of binocular vision and some clinical aspects of the use of this phenomenon: Abstract ... Ph.D. Candidate of Medical Sciences. - SPB, 1991. - 20 p .; Goidenko BC, Zagorskaya NA, Lugova AM and others. Color-pulse therapy diseases of internal organs, neurosis and eye diseases: a Training manual. - M., Russian Medical Academy post-graduate education mission. - 1996. - 45 p .; Rassoshansky A.Yu., Savinykh V.I. Color diagnostics and color therapy in ophthalmology: New medical technologies. - Novokuznetsk-Ekaterininburg: NIIUV. - 2003. - 105 p.). Once in the eye, it is perceived by a colossal network of vessels and receptors, exciting numerous centers of reflex and humoral regulation of the brain.

Due to the phenomenon of binocular rivalry of the visual fields (Volkova L.P. Frequency of visual perceptions in the act of binocular vision and some clinical aspects of using this phenomenon: Abstract ... Ph.D. Candidate of Medical Sciences. - St. Petersburg, 1991. - 20 p.), The alternation of visual rhythms perceptions has a frequency of 3-5 s. With overwork, desynchronization of visual biorhythms often occurs.

The method is as follows. Before correcting the condition of the athlete, the nature of the adaptation of his body is determined by the leukogram. To do this, after piercing the needle of the ring finger of Frank's needle, capillary blood is taken in the amount of 1 drop. Fixed smears are stained according to the Romanovsky-Giemsa method. White blood cell counts are carried out in the Goryaev’s chamber (Kassirsky I.A., Alekseev G.A. Clinical hematology. M., 1970; Predtechensky V.E. Guidelines for clinical laboratory research. M., 1960). The distribution of athletes by types of adaptive reactions (RT, PCA, RPA or stress) is made in accordance with Table 1.

When RT is detected with the help of APEC glasses-terminals, they affect the eyes in red or orange, in the presence of PCA or RPA, in green or blue. In this case, the pulse repetition rate is 9.2 ± 0.2 Hz, and the pulse duration corresponds to 5-6 seconds. The exposure is carried out alternately on each eye for 8 minutes.

The procedure of ophthalmophotostimulation (OFS) consists in the rhythmic color effect on the athlete’s visual analyzer with the APEK-1 psychoemotional correction device manufactured by the Scientific Research Institute of Semiconductor Devices OJSC (Tomsk).

Exposure is carried out in the morning after a morning workout. An optical terminal is put on the face - special opaque glasses with an LED emitting the selected color placed in the center of the optical field of view of each eye.

The optical terminal is connected by cable to the electronic unit of the device. The device turns on. With the button located on his body, the patient selects the most comfortable intensity of the LEDs and is conveniently arranged in a sitting or lying position. No other instrument setup is required.

OFS sessions are held daily, their duration is 8 minutes, and the course of exposure is 10 procedures.

Justification of the invention. We examined 26 pupils of the Olympic reserve school (11 girls and 15 boys) aged 15 to 20 years (average 17.48 + 0.66 years) involved in athletics, swimming, rhythmic gymnastics and cycling. Among them, there were 17 masters and candidates for masters of sports (65%), and 9 first-graders (35%). At the time of the study, all of them were in the preparatory (training) period of the sports uniform.

All athletes using random randomization - were divided into 2 subgroups of 13 people each. The subjects of the first subgroup conducted 10 sessions of daily OFS using glasses-terminals equipped with red or orange LEDs; in the second subgroup, a similar effect was exerted by blue or green LEDs.

After the OFS course, shades of red in two athletes whose reactivity previously corresponded to RT was determined as PCA (Table 2).

table 2
The ratio of the types of adaptation reactions according to the leukogram after the course of the OFS by the red-orange light sectors Type of adaptive response N The initial state N After the course OFS Χ-square significance level Abs. significant. % Abs. significant. % workout reaction 13 7 53.8 13 5 38.46 0.56 calm activation reaction four 30.77 6 46.15 0.52 increased activation reaction 2 15.38 2 15.38 1,0

After the course of the OFS with green or blue LEDs, 3 test subjects who previously belonged to the RPA switched to the PCA category (Table 3).

Table 3
The ratio of the types of adaptation reactions according to the leukogram after the course of the OFS by the green-blue light spectra Type of adaptive response N The initial state N After the course OFS Χ-square significance level Abs. significant. % Abs. significant. % workout reaction 13 6 46.15 13 6 46.15 1,0 calm activation reaction four 30.77 7 53.85 0.36 increased activation reaction 3 23.1 0 0 0,083

Thus, OFS in red or orange light facilitates the transition of the body to more intense levels of non-specific adaptation, for example, from RT to PCA. On the other hand, the use of green or blue for OFS, on the contrary, reduces the tension of the body's adaptive systems, for example, transfers them from the RPA state to PCA.

Further research proceeded from the fact that the differentiated use of OFS by various light spectra is capable of exerting a beneficial effect on the athlete's body even without changing his initial level of adaptability.

To test this hypothesis, the method of cardiointervalography (a study of heart rate variability) was used.

The energy of heart rate variability is measured in units of power spectral density or points. Cardiac rhythm spectra are usually divided into frequency ranges: high frequency range (high frequency - HF) - 30-130 points; low frequency range (low frequency - LF) - 15-20 points; very low frequency range (very low frequency - VLF) - 15-30 points.

VLF - vibrations are predominantly related to cerebral manifestations and in their clinical and physiological significance reflect the energetic (biochemical) side of the processes. The amplitude of VLF waves below 30 points indicates a decrease in the body’s energy. VLFs above 150 points are considered enhanced features.

The heart rhythms of the HF spectrum reflect the state of the peripheral nervous system and characterize vaginal effects. LF - associated with a segmental level of nervous regulation; their predominance is observed with fatigue, dysregulation of the vascular system.

The LF / HF ratio is considered an indicator of the balance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic departments of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and is a reflection of the type of autonomic reaction (Baevsky PM, Motylyanskaya RE, Heart rhythm in athletes. - M .: Physiology and Sports. 1986. 142 p. )

An LF / HF index of 0.5-2 indicates a vegetative balance, more than 2.0 indicates sympathicotonia, less than 0.5 indicates parasympathicotonia.

Registration of the cardiac rhythm was carried out by three cutaneous electrodes located: in the second intercostal space on the right; in the xiphoid process; in the fifth intercostal space on the left.

Table 4
Comparison of indicators of cardiointervalography in groups of athletes that differ in non-specific adaptation reactions L.Kh. Garkavi Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Medium error (+/- m at p <0.05) Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for paired samples (z) Significance Level (P) LF / HF ratio - recovery after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation (training reaction) 6 1,67 +/- 0.39 2.2 0.0028 LF / HF ratio - recovery after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation (reaction of calm or increased activation) 6 0.60 +/- 0.26 The stress index according to M.R.Baevsky - initial state (training reaction) 6 44.00 +/- 5.16 1.99 0.04 The stress index according to M.R.Baevsky is the initial state (reaction of calm or increased activation) 6 68.67 +/- 8.88

As an analog-to-digital converter, a Microcardia analyzer "Electronics MKA-02" (Belarus) connected to a personal computer was used. The system is managed by the Spectrum program, developed by the Vertex medical and technical enterprise (Novokuznetsk, 1993). After calculating the duration of 256 R-R intervals, the device automatically calculates the power of the spectral ranges and P.M. Baevsky's indices (Fleishman A.N. Slow hemodynamic oscillations. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998. - 264 p.). Registration time does not exceed 6 minutes.

The stress index (IN) reflects the degree of centralization of heart rate control (normal from 50 to 200).

The index of autonomic equilibrium (IVR) determines the ratio of the contribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems to the regulation of cardiac activity (norm - 35-145).

Vegetative rhythm indicator (CMP) allows you to judge the autonomic balance of the body (normal - 3.5-5.0).

An increase in the adequacy of regulatory processes (PAPR) suggests that the regulatory effect of the ANS on the heart rhythm has become more adequate, i.e. it has become more economical.

Table 5
Dynamics of indicators of cardiointervalography in athletes under the influence of a course of ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p <0.05) Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for paired samples (z) Significance Level (P) Vegetative heart rate indicator by M.P. Baevsky (background value) 12 5.17 +/- 0.73 2.04 0,041 Vegetative heart rate indicator according to M.P. Baevsky (reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation) 12 8.00 +/- 2.91

An increase in the values of IN, IVR, VLD and PAPR indicate activation of the sympathetic division of the ANS, its predominance over the parasympathetic, which is a nonspecific adaptation mechanism under stress of various etiologies (Fleishman A.N. Slow hemodynamic fluctuations. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998. - 264 s .).

In the subgroup corresponding to RT (Table 4), the initial IN values were below the norm by 12%, which corresponds to parasympatheticotonia. In the subgroup corresponding to activation reactions, IN corresponded to normal limits and was 35.9% higher than in subjects with RT. This fact indicates the initial predominance of parasympathetic reactions of the autonomic nervous system in RT and autonomic equilibrium in activation reactions.

Table 6
Dynamics of indicators of cardiointervalography in athletes under the influence of a course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p <0.05) Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for paired samples (z) Level of significance (P) VLF - reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation 9 466.0 +/- 218.89 2.67 0.0076 VLF - recovery after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation 9 1017.44 +/- 599.61 LF - reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation 9 61.78 +/- 26.32 2.07 0,038 LF - recovery after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation 9 68.0 +/- 28.06

After the OFS course (Table 4) in athletes with RT, the LF / HF ratio indicated a state of autonomic equilibrium (1.67), and during activation reactions it came close to the parasympatheticotonia borders (0.6).

Table 7 Comparison of indicators of cardiointervalography in athletes under the influence of a course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue with similar indicators in the total sample Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p <0.05) Unpaired student criterion (t) Significance Level (p) LF - background value (entire sample) 21 30.52 +/- 6.98 LF - reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation (green or blue color) 9 61.78 +/- 26.32 2.2 0.0018 LF - background value (entire sample) 21 30.52 +/- 6.98 LF - recovery after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation (green or blue) 9 68.0 +/- 28.06 2.5 0.009

Thus, OFS (regardless of the color used) has a distinct normalizing effect on the ANS - it reduces the excess of parasympathetic effects in RT and, conversely, slightly enhances them (within the normal range) during activation reactions.

When using red or orange colors as a source of influence on the visual analyzer, an increase in CDF was observed by 54.7% compared to the initial indicators, which clearly indicates a shift in the autonomic balance towards sympathicotonia (Table 5).

Table 8
Comparison of cardiointervalography indices of a group of athletes who underwent a course of red or orange color optic stimulation with a group stimulated by green or blue Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p <0.05) Unpaired student criterion (t) Level of significance (p) HF - reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange 12 28.58 +/- 10.22 2,3 0,028 HF - reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue 9 48.21 +/- 8.08 M.R. stress index Bayevsky (reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange) 12 66.41 +/- 13.69 2.21 0,03 Stress index according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue) 9 41.00 +/- 6.13 Index of vegetative equilibrium according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange) 12 107.17 +/- 20.15 4.34 0,047 Index of vegetative equilibrium according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue 9 74.89 +/- 9.68 Vegetative rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange) 12 8.00 +/- 2.91 1,64 0.00002 Vegetative rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue) 9 4.22 +/- 0.47

When green or blue colors were used for OFS (Table 6) compared with the initial values, an increase in VLF by 118.3% and LF by 120% was observed (Table 7). All this indicates the development of a hyperactive reaction against the background of some fatigue.

A comparison of the group of subjects exposed to green or blue with the group stimulated by shades of red showed (Table 8) that HF was 1.7 times (68.3%) more prevalent in the first case (increased vaginal effects). All indices R.M.Baevsky was higher in the second subgroup: IN - by 38.9%; IVR - by 30.1%; VLD - by 47.3% and CAD - by 34.5% (activation of the sympathetic division of the ANS).

Thus, on the basis of studies of nonspecific reactivity and heart rate variability in athletes under the influence of course application of OFS by various light spectra, the following conclusions can be drawn.

1. In athletes whose adaptive reactions correspond to the training reaction, the tone of the parasympathetic nervous system prevails; in cases of activation reactions, vegetative equilibrium is observed.

2. OFS (regardless of the color used) has a clear normalizing effect on the autonomic nervous system - it reduces the excess of parasympathetic effects in RT and, conversely, slightly enhances them (within normal limits) during activation reactions.

3. OFS in red or orange light promotes the transition of the body to more intense levels of non-specific adaptation, for example, from RT to PCA. On the other hand, the use of green or blue for OFS, on the contrary, reduces the tension of the body's adaptive systems, for example, transfers them from the RPA state to PCA.

4. OFS with green-blue light spectra can be recommended as the most appropriate means of preventing maladaptive disorders in athletes in the state of activation reactions. Their adaptive systems are tense and are already beginning to be depleted.

5. OFS red-orange light spectra are shown to a greater extent to athletes with RT. These individuals have high adaptive potential, but have not yet reached the peak of their physical abilities.

Table 9
Avseeva C leukogram data before and after the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in red Full name Study time The ratio of the formed elements of peripheral blood Er. Lake ESR Hemoglobin Eosin. P / cores. C / cores. Lymph Mon Reaction type Avseeva S. Outcome. consisted. 4.8 4,5 four 148 2 2 64 23 9 RT After OFS 5.2 4.2 four 158 3 four 53 38 8 SAR

Example 1. Avseeva Svetlana, born in 1987, a graduate of the school of the Olympic reserve, a master of sports in swimming. During the next dispensary examination (May 21, 2007) she complained of redness of the eyes, a feeling of heaviness, burning and sensation of a foreign body over the centuries. Over the past month, drowsiness appeared in the morning, and increased fatigue after training.

Table 10
Data cardiointervalography Avseeva S .: initial state; before and after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation in red Indicators The initial state After odnokr. OFS session After the course OFS Vlf 56 97 63 Lf 12 13 28 Hf 35 fourteen 9 ^LF / _HF ratio 0.34 0.92 3,1 IN - voltage index 60 70 74 IVR - index of vegetative equilibrium 135 113 119 CDF - a vegetative rhythm indicator four 7 5 PAPR - an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes 26 27 36

The athlete underwent a blood test with his assessment according to the Garkavi technique and a cardiointervalogram was recorded.

.According to the leukogram of the athlete, RT was observed (Table 9). The analysis of the results of cardiointervalography (Table 10) revealed the initially normal state of the energy processes of the body; the initial vegetative equilibrium was observed according to IN, IVR, VIR and parasympatheticotonia in relation

.

Table 11
Leukemia data of E. Tyuleneva before and after the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in orange Full name Study time The ratio of the formed elements of peripheral blood Er. Lake ESR Hemoglobin Eosin. P / cores. C / cores. Lymph Mon Reaction type Tyuleneva E. Original consisted. four 5.5 6 120 0 four 68 twenty 8 RT After OFS 3.9 4.7 2 130 four four 52 33 7 SAR

The athlete conducted 10 sessions of ophthalmophotostimulation in green according to the method described above.

As a result of the effect, subjective complaints disappeared, and the nonspecific reaction of the organism's adaptation began to correspond to SAR (Table 9). The reactivity of energy processes to a single OFS procedure was high.

Table 12
Data cardiointervalography Tyuleneva E .: initial state; before and after the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in orange Indicators The initial state After odnokr. OFS session After the course OFS Vlf 152 193 275 Lf 22 39 19 Hf 46 49 56

Attitude

0.47 0.79 0.34 IN - voltage index 60 70 74 IVR - index of vegetative equilibrium 135 113 119 CDF - a vegetative rhythm indicator four 7 5 PAPR - an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes 26 27 36

. Отмечено повышение центральной регуляции сердечного ритма по индексу централизации и повышение регулирующего влияния подкорковых нервных центров.After the course of general physical fitness, the state of the body’s energy remained within normal limits; there was a sympathetic reaction according to IN, IVR, PAPR and the ratio

. An increase in the central regulation of the heart rate by the centralization index and an increase in the regulatory influence of the subcortical nerve centers were noted.

Example 2. Tyuleneva Elena, born in 1987, a graduate of the school of the Olympic reserve, a candidate for master of sports in athletics. 2 weeks before the follow-up examination she had the flu; since then noted increased fatigue and decreased athletic performance during training. It was examined by a physician - no clinically significant pathology was observed from the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems.

Table 13
Leukogram data of Karagayeva R. before and after the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green Full name Study time The ratio of the formed elements of peripheral blood Er. Lake ESR Hemoglobin Eosin. P / cores. C / cores. Lymph Mon Reaction type Karagaeva R. Original consisted. 5 four four 152 5 2 48 35 10 RPA After OFS 5.2 4.2 four 158 3 four fifty 31 8 SAR

, вегетативное равновесие по ВПР (табл.12).According to the leukogram, the athlete was in a state of RT (table 11). Cardiointervalography established an initially elevated (hyperactive) level of energy; parasympathicotonia was observed according to IN, IVR and ratio

, vegetative balance according to the CDF (table 12).

(табл.12).A single exposure to orange using the APEC apparatus caused a decrease in the energy level to normal values and a sympathetic reaction with respect to

(table 12).

Table 14
Data of cardiointervalography of Karagayeva R .: initial state; before and after the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green Indicators The initial state After odnokr. OFS session After the course OFS Vlf 41 304 159 Lf 12 44 23 Hf 8 39 69

Attitude

1,5 1.12 0.33 IN - voltage index 87 36 44 IVR - index of vegetative equilibrium 138 68 81 CDF - a vegetative rhythm indicator 7 four four PAPR - an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes 33 22 26

. Отмечено повышение центральной регуляции сердечного ритма по индексу централизации, повышение регулирующего влияния подкорковых нервных центров и включение высших церебральных управляющих структур.After the OFS course, a marked improvement in the subjective state of the athlete was noted, physical performance increased. The type of nonspecific reactivity of the body with RT changed to SAR. According to cardiointervalography, while maintaining a hyperactive state of energy, a parasympathetic orientation of autonomic reactions was observed according to IN, IVR and PAPR; autonomic equilibrium for congenital malformations and parasympathicotonia in relation

. An increase in the central regulation of the heart rate by the centralization index, an increase in the regulatory influence of the subcortical nerve centers and the inclusion of higher cerebral control structures were noted.

These two examples show that in athletes who are in a state of RT and are prone to parasympathetic reactions, the course of general physical fitness in red or orange contributed to the transition to more intense levels of non-specific adaptation and strengthened the tone of the sympathetic ANS. At the same time, the regulatory influence of cortical and subcortical cerebral control structures was activated.

Example 3. Karagaeva Rosa, born in 1989, a graduate of the school of the Olympic reserve, a master of sports in gymnastics. The girl complained to the doctor about a bad dream and increased excitability on the eve of responsible competitions.

Garkavi blood test revealed RPA (Table 13). The recording of a cardiointervalogram testified to the normal state of energy; initial vegetative equilibrium according to IN, IVR and the ratio of ^LF / _HF , sympathicotonia according to VLD (Table 14).

For a single OFS procedure, a short-term increase in the level of energy (stress response) was observed in green.

Table 15
Kiselev A. leukogram data before and after the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in blue Full name Study time The ratio of the formed elements of peripheral blood Er. Lake ESR Hemoglobin Eosin. P / cores. C / cores. Lymph Mon Reaction type Kiselev A. Original consisted. 4,5 5.8 5 140 four 2 47 37 10 RPA After OFS 5,6 4.9 10 144 0 5 fifty 29th 8 SAR

. Выявлено повышение центральной регуляции сердечного ритма и регулирующего влияния подкорковых нервных центров.After the OFS course (Table 14), the RPA changed to SAR, the level of energy reactions steadily increased (to hypractive values); marked parasympathetic reaction according to IN, IVR, VLOOKUP, PAPR and the relation

. An increase in the central regulation of the heart rhythm and the regulatory influence of the subcortical nerve centers was revealed.

Example 4. Andrey Kiselev, born in 1988, a graduate of the Olympic reserve school, a master of sports in skiing. During the competition he was injured - an ankle sprain. Due to severe pain, he was forced to temporarily stop training. Along with medical and physiotherapeutic rehabilitation measures, it was decided to conduct a course of general physical education.

; преобладании симпатической регуляции по ВПР (табл.16).According to the leukogram, the initial state of the athlete was characterized as RPA (Table 15). Cardiointervography testified to the energy norm, autonomic equilibrium according to IN, IVR and ratio

; the predominance of sympathetic regulation according to CDF (table 16).

After a single OFS session in blue, a high reactivity of energy processes and a decrease in the adequacy of the regulatory influence of the ANS according to CAD were observed.

Table 16.
Data cardiointervalography Kiseleva A.: initial state; before and after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation in blue Indicators The initial state After odnokr. OFS session After the course OFS Vlf 65 126 105 Lf fourteen 36 33 Hf 9 58 71

Attitude

1.55 0.62 0.46 IN - voltage index thirty 49 57 IVR - index of vegetative equilibrium 68 37 41 CDF - a vegetative rhythm indicator one hundred 66 80 PAPR - an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes 6 5 four

; также наблюдалось повышение центральной регуляции сердечного ритма на фоне снижения регулирующего влияния подкорковых нервных центров (табл.16).The full course of OFS contributed to the transition from RPA to RSA (Table 15), the development of parasympathetic reactions according to IN, IVR, VLD, PAPR and the ratio

; an increase in the central regulation of the heart rhythm was also observed against the background of a decrease in the regulatory effect of the subcortical nerve centers (Table 16).

In the last two examples, in athletes who are in RPA against the background of autonomic equilibrium or some inclination toward sympathicotonia, the course of general physical fitness in green or blue helped to reduce the tension of non-specific adaptation processes and strengthen the parasympathetic tone. At the same time, there was an increase in the central regulation of the heart rhythm.

Thus, the set of essential features of the invention allows to optimize the energy-metabolic and vegetative processes of the athlete's body, which reduces the likelihood of maladaptive disorders and potentially contributes to the achievement of higher sports results.

Claims (1)

A method for the correction of adaptive processes of the body of athletes, including exposure to the eyes with light, characterized in that the athletes determine the general nonspecific reactivity by a leukogram by the method of L.Kh. Garkavi and, when a reaction is detected, train the eyes with red or orange LEDs, if the reaction is calm or increased activity - green or blue LEDs from the APEK apparatus, with a light pulse repetition rate of 9.2 ± 0.2 Hz and a duration of 5-6 s, alternately for each eye for 8 minutes in the first half of the day, after morning training, for a course of 10 procedures, daily.