RU2377375C2 - Procedure for applying plaster mixture on walls of building and facility for impementation of this procedure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building.

SUBSTANCE: procedure for applying plaster mixture on walls of a building consists in assembly of supporting telescopic poles and separate flat shields, and in connecting them with fixture elements forming a vertical cavity between shields and surface of a wall, wherein high mobile plaster mixture is pumped; further the procedure consists in successive disassembly of shields and poles upon mixture hardening. Also before assembly of supporting telescopic poles there is performed linear marking out on surface of the floor and ceiling of the room at a certain distance from the surface of wall. The poles are arranged at equal distance one from another. Facility for applying plaster mixture on walls of the building consists of supporting telescopic poles and of separate flat shields with working surface, whereon there are installed sleeves with a hole for mixture supply. The facility also has fixture elements of adjacent shields arranged along perimeter of the shield in form of L-shape rods with a handle made out of firm nylon.

EFFECT: upgraded quality of plastered surfaces, simplification of structure and reduced weight of it.

3 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The proposed method and device relates to the field of construction and can be used for plastering the internal surfaces of walls when used in combination with mortar-mixing modular plaster pumps.

A known method and device for plastering a wall, in which a device for applying mortar to the surface and leveling it includes a guide frame mounted parallel to the plastered surface, the working body is a shield mounted on the frame with the ability to move in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the frame and along the last , and the drive of the working body (RF patent No. 2052609, CL E04F 21/02, publ. 20.01.96, Bull. No. 2).

The disadvantages of this method are the bulkiness of the proposed frame design, the complexity of its installation, the limited use of the structure associated with the dimensions of the room, the inability to plaster complex surface areas (corners, slopes, etc.).

A known method and device for plastering a wall, including the installation of boards, their connection with each other by fasteners with the formation between the boards and the wall surface of the vertical molding cavity into which the stucco mortar is injected, and the subsequent dismantling of the boards after hardening the solution, and before mounting the boards on the wall surface install anchor control devices at predetermined points and inventory beacons along the edges of the molding cavity, the position of the mounted panels is regulated in the plane, perpendicular To the flat plane of the wall, the solution is pumped into the molding cavity of the mortar pump through couplings with removable plugs placed on the working surface of the panels. After hardening the solution, the panels are dismantled, and the anchor devices are removed (RF patent No. 2268344, class E04F 21/02, publ. January 20, 2006, Bull. No. 2).

The disadvantages of the method are: the complexity of the installation of boards; installation of anchor devices involves the manufacture of holes in the plastered structure; the process of injection of the solution is accompanied by an increase in the pressure of the mixture in the plaster cavity.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is the "Formwork panel, mainly for plastering walls" (ed. St. No. 1308737, class E04G 11/20, publ. 07.05.87, Bull. No. 17), which includes the installation of formwork panels on a certain distance from the wall, creating a molding cavity between the wall and the formwork, pouring plaster mortar into it and dismantling the formwork after hardening, which was chosen by us as a prototype. Formwork panels are supported by telescopic racks, which are torn between the floor and the ceiling of the room, and are fastened with brackets to the racks, and then connected to the panel using threaded bushings and bolts.

The disadvantages of this method are: the high complexity of the installation of boards and the bulkiness of the supporting structure, as well as due to leaky connection of the boards together and the possibility, in this regard, the formation of voids and seams; limited technological possibilities of using the structure when processing walls of high rooms, internal and external corners.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to improve the quality of plastered surfaces, simplify the design of the device, reduce its mass, expand its use for plastering the internal walls of rooms with a significant reduction in labor costs.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a method of plastering a building wall, including mounting telescopic racks, individual flat panels, connecting them together with fastening elements to form a vertical molding cavity between the panels and the wall surface, into which a highly mobile plaster mixture is pumped, followed by dismantling of the panels and racks after hardening the mixture, in contrast to the prototype, before mounting the supporting telescopic racks on the surfaces of the floor and ceiling of the room, linear markings are made on definiteness distance from the plastered surface. Racks are installed at equal distance from each other at marked points and combine the marking of the floor and ceiling with the planes of the sides of the square supporting parts of the telescopic racks. Separate flat panels are interconnected and form a formwork shield. With clamping devices, the formwork board is attracted to the guide profile. Adjustable stops are inserted into the guide profile, mounted movably in the clamps on telescopic racks. The installation of the shuttering board is regulated in such a way as to obtain a vertical flat plaster surface between the floor and the ceiling, despite the plane errors of the plastered surface from the point of view of its initial roughness. A highly mobile plaster mixture is pumped through couplings located on the working surface of the upper parts of the formwork panels without creating excessive pressure in the vertical cavity, and the injection is continued until a gap of 8- between the upper surface and the ceiling is raised 10 cm, after that they go on to pump the mixture into this gap under overpressure. After hardening the mixture, the telescopic racks and individual shields are dismantled in the reverse order.

The method is implemented using a device containing supporting telescopic racks, in the central part of which there is a screw jack with a curved rod clamp to create a spacer force on the contact of the square supporting parts with the floor and ceiling of the room. Individual flat panels have a frame of rigidity and according to the invention can be made, for example, of plastic. The use of two types of separate flat panels is envisaged: boards, on the working surface of which couplings with an opening for supplying the stucco mixture are installed, and boards without couplings. The end surfaces of each shield have openings for connecting the shields to each other with fastening elements made in the form of L-shaped rods with handles inserted into the openings of adjacent shields. Regulating devices are made in the form of clamps, with movably adjustable stops mounted in them. Adjustable stops are inserted into the guide profile of the T-section, made, for example, of light metal coated with a layer of plastic. Shields are attracted to the guide profile by clamping devices, which include rubber ties with hooks at opposite ends, which are inserted into the holes in the shield frame.

The method of plastering the walls of the building and the device for its implementation is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of the shuttering board; figure 2 is a longitudinal section according to 1-1; figure 3 is a longitudinal section through 2-2 section along BB; figure 4 is a longitudinal section according to 3-3; figure 5 - the mounting unit of the adjustable stop and guide profile, cross section; Fig.6 is a mounting unit of an adjustable stop and guide profile, a longitudinal section; in Fig.7 - the attachment site of the shield with rubber ties to the guide profile, section; in Fig.8 - screw jack; Fig.9 is a section through 4-4.

The device for plastering the walls of the building includes a separate flat shield 1, made, for example, of plastic. Couplings are attached to the working surface of the switchboard 2. Separate flat panels 1 are hermetically connected by means of L-shaped rods with handles 3, rotated through 90 °, forming a formwork shield 5. The device also includes supporting telescopic racks 4, which are bursting between the floor and the ceiling premises, combining the marking of the floor and ceiling with the faces of the square support base 14 of the rack. The racks in the central part have a screw jack 6. Clamps 7 are mounted on the racks with movably adjustable stops mounted in them 8. The adjustable stops are inserted into the holes 12 located on the guide profile 9. The shields are attracted by rubber ties 10 to the guide profile, inserting the hooks 11 into the holes in the shield 21.

The method is implemented as follows. Selection of a working set of panels is carried out from a standard set of standard sizes of panels, based on the configuration and height of the room. At a certain distance from the plastered wall of the room on the surface of the floor and ceiling, linear marking is carried out using a cordless device or laser level for the entire length of the plastered surface. Then, using a tape measure, mark the points of installation of the support posts so that the vertical joint of the boards is opposite the installation point. Then the supporting telescopic racks are installed vertically, combining the marking of the floor and ceiling with the planes of the square supporting parts 14 of the racks. Pulling the inner tube of the rack to the desired height, insert the curved rod clamp 15 into the through hole 16 in the inner tube of the rack and into the through groove 17 in the outer pipe, the lock being located above the nut 18. Rotating the nut 18 using the handle 19 included in it counterclockwise, stand strut between the floor and the ceiling of the room. Next, the racks are set up behind the racks and connected to each other by L-shaped rods with handles 3, inserting them into the holes located around the perimeter of the end face of the shield, and turning 90 °. The connection of the individual flat panels thus ensures the tightness of the formed formwork panel 5. The panels mounted on the ceiling of the room have couplings located in the upper parts of the formwork panels. Then, a guide profile is drawn to the shuttering board opposite the junction of the flat boards, with rubber ties 10 with hooks at the ends. For this purpose, holes 21 exist in the frame of the shield stiffness. The guide profile is drawn in the middle of each individual flat panel with one rubber screed. Then, adjustable stops mounted movably in the clamps are inserted into the holes 24 in the guide profile and rotated 90 ° to fix the stop firmly in the guide profile. Next, the clamps are clamped with ties 22. The number of clamps is changed in accordance with the height of the room. Then, with the help of a level or a plumb line, the verticality of the installation of the guide profile is regulated, pushing the adjustable stops to the desired length so as to obtain a vertical, flat plaster surface between the floor and the ceiling, despite the plane errors of the plastered surface from the point of view of its initial roughness, and the gap between the wall and formwork should be as low as possible. Having set the guide profile in an upright position, the adjustable stops are fixed with ties 23 on the clamps. Additionally, in a plane parallel to the wall plane, the installation of the panels is controlled by the rule, applying it horizontally simultaneously to the three guide profiles.

Then, an injection hose (s) from the mortar pump is brought and attached to one or several couplings and a highly mobile plaster mixture is pumped. The mixture is pumped in from top to bottom without creating excess pressure in the vertical cavity 13, and the injection is continued until a gap of 8-10 cm is formed between the upper surface of the plaster layer and the ceiling, after which the mixture is pumped into this gap under overpressure.

The end of the filling of the molding cavity is fixed by the excess mixture displaced from the gap between the upper end of the formwork panel and the ceiling of the room. Then the injection is stopped, the discharge hose is disconnected.

After setting the mixture, the formwork system is dismantled in the reverse order. Remove the clamping device, release the adjustable stops, dismantle the supporting telescopic racks, dismantle the shuttering board.

Thus, the proposed method and device in comparison with the prototype and other technical solutions for a similar purpose provide high-quality monolithic smooth coatings according to SNiP 3.04.01-87 (Table 9), while labor costs are significantly reduced, since it is possible to mechanize not only mixing processes and supplying the solution to the treated wall, but also leveling, as well as smoothing 95-99% of the resulting surface. And the use of adjustable stops and a guide profile allows you to reduce the complexity of mounting the structure by 40-50%. The ease of installation and the compactness of the support and fastening elements allow plastering by forces of a link consisting of 3 people.

Claims (3)

1. The method of applying the stucco mixture to the walls of the building, including the installation of supporting telescopic racks, individual flat shields, their connection with each other by fastening elements with the formation of a vertical cavity between the shields and the wall surface, into which the highly mobile plaster mixture is pumped, and the subsequent dismantling of the shields and racks after hardening of the mixture, characterized in that before mounting the supporting telescopic racks on the surface of the floor and ceiling of the room, linear marking is made at a certain distance from the plasterers the surface of the wall, the racks are installed at equal distances from each other at marked points and combine the marking of the floor and ceiling with the planes of the faces of the supporting parts of the telescopic racks, separate flat panels are connected by fastening elements and attracted by clamping devices to the guide profiles, into which adjustable stops are inserted mounted movably in clamps on telescopic support stands, highly mobile plaster mixture is pumped through couplings located on the working surface of these shields parts without creating excess pressure in the vertical cavity, the injection continues up until the upper surface between the plaster layer and the ceiling is not a gap equal to 8-10 cm, then proceeds to inject the mixture into the gap under excess pressure. 2. A device for applying stucco mixture to the walls of a building, including supporting telescopic racks, individual flat panels, interconnected by fastening elements, characterized in that the panels are made of plastic with a frame of rigidity and have a working surface on which couplings with an opening for feeding are installed highly mobile plaster mix, fastening elements of adjacent panels placed around the perimeter of the panel are made in the form of L-shaped rods with handles made of durable nylon, clamping devices are made in the form of zine ties with hooks at the ends, and the regulating devices are made in the form of clamps, with movably adjustable stops mounted in them, made in the form of L-shaped rods with handles, movably mounted in the guide profile of the T-section, the lower and upper supporting parts of the telescopic racks have the shape of a square. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting telescopic racks in the central part have a device for creating a spacer force on the contact of the square supporting parts with the floor and ceiling of the room, which is made in the form of a screw jack with a curved rod clamp.

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