RU2375923C2 - Special protein product for sport feeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to special protein products which can be used as additional nutrition of sportsmen and people with active life. Special protein product contains whey protein concentrate, amino acids L-arginine and L-glutamine, vegetable food fibers, fructooligosaccharides and gum-arabic, vitamin and mineral premixes - taste and flavour additives in certain ratio. Obtained product has increased biological value. ^ EFFECT: invention allows to significantly activate muscle bulk production and reconstitution after physical exercises, decrease adaptation time (both to physical exercise and changed environment conditions), improve immune system and decrease fat layer, increase muscle explosive force and endurance, increase psychological stability and working capacity. ^ 3 cl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of food industry and relates to a specialized protein product intended for direct consumption as an additional food for athletes and people leading an active lifestyle.

Various specialized protein products are known (patent RU 92001310 A, 03/27/1995; patent US 6784209 B1, 08/31/2004; US 7037522 B2, 05/02/2006; US 0234626 A1, 11.25.2004).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a dry protein product “Methoxy-Pro” manufactured by Cytodyne Technologies, USA [1], containing a mixture of concentrate and whey protein isolate, anabolic peptide complex (glutamine peptides, taurine, L-leucine, L- glycine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-histidine, L-tyrosine, L-isoleucine, L-valine), medium chain triglycerides, minerals (zinc, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium), vitamins (niacinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride , cyanocobalamin, d-calcium pantothenate, riboflavin, bio tin, folic acid), 5-methyl-7-methoxy-isoflavone, flavoring and aromatic additives.

This product is intended for additional nutrition of athletes in order to increase muscle mass, increase energy production and reduce the effects of catabolic processes resulting from physical activity.

Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) are included in this product. MCTs are absorbed somewhat differently than other types of fat, and are oxidized as fast as carbohydrates, providing a relatively weak synthesis of subcutaneous fat. In addition, MCTs are quickly converted to ketones - by-products of fat metabolism, which are used by some body tissues, including muscle, to generate energy. However, there is a flip side: MCTs negatively affect people who eat a low-fat and low-carb diet, because the body prefers to burn them, rather than subcutaneous and visceral fats. As a result, the fat-mobilizing properties of this product are weakened.

In addition, the increased content of aromatic amino acids and methionine in the product is also undesirable. Amino acid imbalance that occurs during exercise is characterized by an increase in the concentration of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and a decrease in the level of branched chain amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine). Since all these amino acids compete with each other for the same transport systems, which have a high affinity for aromatic amino acids, a high concentration of the latter in the blood leads to their excessive supply to the brain, which causes the formation of so-called false neurotransmitters and slows down the transmission rate of nerve impulses . Such changes are the cause of neuropsychic disorders and a noticeable decrease in the athlete's intellectual abilities.

Most mineral substances (iron, manganese, calcium, copper) are completely absent or inadequate in the product. This is undesirable, since the exchange of micro and macro elements during exercise is more intense and a deficiency of the latter can lead to a decrease in physical performance and a slowdown in muscle growth.

The vitamin composition of the product is unbalanced - fat-soluble vitamins and vitamin C are completely absent, which negatively affects the course of anabolic and recovery processes, and also reduces the nutritional value of the product.

A high-protein diet and intense physical activity are accompanied by excessive formation of ammonia, which has a detrimental effect on the intestinal microflora and toxic effects on brain cells. A strong tension of the abdominal muscles often leads to a violation of the motor-evacuation function of the intestine, which is also not regulated by the use of this product.

The above processes as a whole have a stressful effect on the entire body of the athlete, eventually causing a significant decrease in his immunity.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the nutritional value of the product, strengthening the anti-catabolic, immunomodulating, detoxifying and fat-mobilizing properties of the product.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a specialized protein product includes a concentrate and / or whey protein isolate, amino acids L-glutamine, L-arginine, a complex of vegetable dietary fiber - fructooligosaccharides and gum arabic, vitamin and mineral premixes, flavoring and aromatic additives in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Whey protein concentrate and / or isolate 73 ÷ 80 L-glutamine 6 ÷ 8 L-arginine 4 ÷ 5 Fructooligosaccharides and Gum Arabic 6 ÷ 8 Vitamin Premix 0.12 ÷ 0.15 Mineral premix 2.02 ÷ 2.05 Flavoring additives 0.53 ÷ 0.57 Aromatic additives 0.3 ÷ 6.2

The product may be a powder or granular powder with a moisture content of 3.0-7.0 wt.%.

The claimed technical result is based on a positive integrated synergistic effect of the selected components of the product, taken in the proposed ratio:

- the use of a concentrate and / or isolate with a mass fraction of protein of at least 80% in the declared amounts containing an increased amount of the maximum bioavailable serum peptides (β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, glycomacropeptides and immunoglobulins), allows to achieve high biological value of the product and to provide increased needs Branched chain amino acids

- the introduction of L-arginine into the product enhances the detoxifying effect of the product due to the activation of the ornithine urea synthesis cycle, which binds toxic ammonium ions, which are formed as a result of physical activity during protein catabolism in the liver;

- the inclusion of L-glutamine in the product contributes to significant shifts in the adaptive and adaptive mechanisms of the athlete's body, significantly enhances the functions of the immune system and prevents the development of infectious diseases;

- the introduction into the product of a complex of soluble plant dietary fibers, consisting of gum arabic and fructooligosaccharides in the proposed proportions, allows you to have a pronounced prebiotic effect on the positive autoflora of the human intestine;

- the introduction of vitamins B, A, C, E into the product, as well as the mineral elements of calcium, magnesium, zinc and phosphorus, allows normalizing the state of protein metabolism and increasing the nutritional value of the product.

At the same time, the combined use of whey protein and a complex of soluble dietary fiber (gum arabic and fructooligosaccharides) allows us to achieve a synergistic fat-mobilizing and anabolic effect of this product.

The protein content in the product, represented by the concentrate and / or whey protein isolate, is 73-80% by weight of the dry product. By forming a feeling of satiety, reducing the calorie intake of food, stimulating fat burning and muscle growth, whey protein isolate and / or concentrate helps to achieve and maintain a “healthy” weight. In addition, whey proteins help optimize the response to stress and maintain a healthy level of brain neurotransmitters, which is especially important during periods of intense physical activity. Reducing the protein content in the product below the specified range will lead to the fact that athletes will not be adequately provided with complete protein and branched chain amino acids. With an increase in protein content over the claimed amount, the quota of other components of the product decreases, which will lead to a decrease in its functional orientation and make it impossible to achieve the claimed technical result.

To increase the biological value, the amino acids L-arginine and L-glutamine are included in addition to whey protein.

The use of L-arginine in an amount of 4-5% by weight of dry matter stimulates the processes of insulin, glucagon and the release of growth hormone into the bloodstream, thereby contributing to increased muscle mass, mobilization of subcutaneous fat and increased physical activity. In addition, L-arginine helps to lower LDL cholesterol in the blood, improves coronary microcirculation, thereby, firstly, helps to reduce fatigue, and secondly, provides the prevention and treatment of hypertension. An increase in the dose of an amino acid in excess of the maximum declared (indicated in the formula) values can lead to digestive disorders and osmotic diarrhea, and a decrease does not have a pronounced anabolic effect.

The amino acid L-glutamine, being a conditionally indispensable amino acid, with intensive metabolism during exercise significantly enhances the functions of the immune system and prevents the development of infectious diseases; inhibits bacterial translocation and translocation of endogenous toxins by stimulating the synthesis of unclassified protein and maintaining the number of intestinal cells; is a strong anti-stress factor. By increasing the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid, which is necessary to stimulate the brain and maintain the metabolism occurring in it, L-glutamine activates mental activity, helps to focus, improves memory and mood, and prevents the occurrence of overtraining and overstrain syndrome. In the inventive product, L-glutamine is contained in an amount of 6-8% by weight of dry matter. The increase in the content of L-glutamine in the product leads to a deterioration in the taste of the product and makes it unsuitable for intake in the form of a drink, and its decrease does not have a clinically significant effect.

The inventive product, in contrast to the prototype, is enriched with soluble dietary fiber, consisting of gum arabic and fructooligosaccharides, in an amount of 6-8% by weight of dry matter. The inclusion in the composition of the product of soluble fibers in the proposed ratio allows you to have a pronounced prebiotic effect on the positive autoflora of the human intestine and improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and liver by detoxifying ammonia and other nitrogenous wastes formed during a high-protein diet and as a result of heavy physical exertion. In addition, soluble dietary fiber improves the absorption of vitamins and minerals in the gastrointestinal tract, and also has a normalizing effect on blood sugar and cholesterol.

While the prototype is completely absent most of the minerals in the claimed product, the content of micro and macro elements is optimal for protein synthesis and muscle growth.

In contrast to the prototype, the vitamin composition of the claimed product is also balanced. Both water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins are included in the claimed product. In this case, the proportions and amounts of vitamins introduced into the product were calculated based on changes in the caloric content of the daily diet and changes in its individual components, namely, taking into account the fact that vitamins of groups B, A, C, and E have a predominant effect on protein metabolism.

When developing vitamin and mineral complexes, the effect of various vitamins and minerals on each other’s bioavailability was also taken into account - the effect of synergism and antagonism. Therefore, when determining the concentration and proportion of vitamins and minerals introduced into the product, the effect of synergy was maximally achieved and the possible negative phenomena and consequences of the interaction of vitamins and minerals were minimized.

Vitamin and mineral salt preparations are introduced in amounts that ensure that a daily portion of the product satisfies from 30 to 80% of the athlete’s daily micronutrient requirements and according to the “Recommended Levels of Consumption of Food and Biologically Active Substances” approved by the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in 2004.

The claimed combination of features allows you to get a specialized high-protein product with high nutritional value, and also allows you to give the product a functional and preventive orientation (in comparison with the prototype) by optimizing, primarily, the quantitative and qualitative composition of the protein component, the qualitative composition of the vitamin and mineral complex, and also due to the inclusion of a complex of soluble dietary fiber in the product. Deviation to a greater or lesser extent from the declared values leads to a deterioration in the nutritional value of the claimed product, as well as its quality, organoleptic and functional-preventive properties and reduces the effectiveness of the use of this product by athletes.

A specialized protein product is obtained by dry mixing the components in the mixers used in the food industry.

Example 1. For the preparation of a specialized protein product, the components are taken in the following ratio by weight.%:

Whey protein concentrate 78.78 L-glutamine 6.67 L-arginine 4.75 Fructooligosaccharides and Gum Arabic 6.67 Vitamin A 0,001693 Vitamin E 0.01435 Vitamin D 0.00000399 Vitamin B1 0,00133 Vitamin B2 0,001599 Vitamin B6 0,00552 Vitamin PP 0.01397 Vitamin B5 0,005054 Vitamin B12 0.000003725 Vitamin B9 0,000489 Vitamin H 0,0000532 Vitamin C 0,07905 Calcium 0.685 Magnesium 0.513 Zinc 0.00626 Iron 0.01896 Iodine 0.00007484 Manganese 0,003514 Phosphorus 0.7974 Copper 0,000494 Flavoring additives 0.55 Aromatic additives 0.38 Water the rest is up to 100

The dietary fiber complex contains gum arabic and fructooligosaccharides, taken in a weight ratio of 40:60.

Example 2. To prepare a specialized protein product, the components are taken in the following ratio by weight.%:

Whey Protein Isolate 73.15 L-glutamine 6.64 L-arginine 4.70 Fructooligosaccharides and Gum Arabic 6.64 Vitamin A 0,001863 Vitamin E 0.016305 Vitamin D 0.00000549 Vitamin B1 0,00293 Vitamin B2 0,002496 Vitamin B6 0,00692 Vitamin PP 0.02997 Vitamin B5 0,006854 Vitamin B12 0.000004965 Vitamin B9 0,000719 Vitamin H 0.0000702 Vitamin C 0,07955 Calcium 0.689 Magnesium 0.518 Zinc 0.00631 Iron 0.0211 Iodine 0.00007689 Manganese 0,003612 Phosphorus 0.8114 Copper 0,000501 Flavoring additives 0.55 Aromatic additives 6.10 Water the rest is up to 100

The dietary fiber complex contains gum arabic and fructooligosaccharides, taken in a ratio of 50:50 by weight.

Example 3. To prepare a specialized protein product, the components are taken in the following ratio by weight%:

Whey Protein Concentrate and Isolate 75 L-glutamine 6.69 L-arginine 4.78 Fructooligosaccharides and Gum Arabic 6.69 Vitamin A 0,001793 Vitamin E 0.016205 Vitamin D 0.00000489 Vitamin B1 0,00253 Vitamin B2 0,002186 Vitamin B6 0,00692 Vitamin PP 0.01197 Vitamin B5 0,006054 Vitamin B12 0.000005925 Vitamin B9 0,000699 Vitamin H 0.0000692 Vitamin C 0,07985 Calcium 0.687 Magnesium 0.515 Zinc 0,00628 Iron 0,02016 Iodine 0,00007574 Manganese 0,003601 Phosphorus 0.8064 Copper 0,000498 Flavoring additives 0.55 Aromatic additives 4.05 Water the rest is up to 100

The dietary fiber complex contains gum arabic and fructooligosaccharides, taken in a weight ratio of 60:40.

The dry product obtained according to examples 1-3 is a fine dry powder (lumps that readily crumble under mechanical action are allowed) of white color with various shades and aromas determined by the type of flavoring additives used. The product is highly soluble in water, in the reduced form it is a homogeneous liquid without precipitate.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the product was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sports. The studies were carried out on a contingent of tested powerlifters from the Russian weightlifting team. The research involved 3 groups of athletes of 9 people. The first group, the experimental group, received 20 servings twice a day for one portion (one measured spoon of a product diluted in water / milk) of a specialized protein product without ecdysterone. The second - experimental - took a specialized protein product with the addition of ecdysterone. The third group, the control group, took a placebo in a similar fashion. In accordance with the conditions of the experiment, all subjects at the beginning and end of the study (1st and 20th day) underwent comprehensive testing (test for assessing indicators of general and special performance - assessed by the results of a power test) and medical examination (paraclinical and laboratory). At the end of the experiment, subjects on the basis of diaries filled out a questionnaire for subjective self-assessment of the condition.

Medical control included daily monitoring of heart rate (heart rate) and blood pressure (blood pressure) with a parallel subjective assessment of well-being and medical monitoring with caliperometric examination of the subjects (determination of the absolute and relative values of muscle and fat body weight and weight).

Biochemical control of the recovery rate included measurements of a number of biochemical blood parameters (total protein, AST, ALT, urea, cholesterol, glucose, hemoglobin, cortisol) and urine (testosterone, metabolites).

An analysis of the data obtained during testing of overall performance showed that training loads using a specialized protein product with ecdysterone led to an increase in the test indicator by an average of 8%, while in athletes taking the product without ecdysterone, by 4%, and in the control group - on 2%.

The course intake by athletes for 3 weeks of specialized protein products with or without ecdysterone, in contrast to control, was accompanied by positive dynamics in changes in the body composition of the subjects, which was expressed in a decrease in fat mass and stabilization of muscle mass with a tendency to its growth.

Characterizing the degree of recovery of athletes-test subjects by the dynamics of the corresponding biochemical parameters during the course of the study drug, we can conclude the following:

- the level of indicators of liver metabolism (AST, ALT) in athletes of the experimental groups changed only within normal limits, while in athletes of the control group an increase in the level of AST and ALT was higher than normal;

- the cholesterol level in the athletes of the experimental groups after course administration remained within normal limits, while in the control group an increase in this indicator was observed;

- the level of ammonia and urea in the blood of athletes of the experimental groups was normal, while in the control group significantly exceeded physiological parameters;

- no changes in the testosterone level have been established;

- the level of cortisol in athletes of the control group as a whole significantly exceeded the same indicator in the experimental groups after the end of the course of taking the product. This is expressed in a decrease in the level of adaptation to loads and stressful condition of the control group athletes who took placebo.

Athletes of the experimental groups noted the good tolerance of specialized protein products, the absence of elements of fatigue, cheerful, active state and a desire to train.

Summarizing the above, a specialized protein product can be recommended for use as an additional source of protein and micronutrients in the diet of power athletes (bodybuilding, weightlifting, etc.) and speed-strength sports (including games) for fast gaining lean muscle mass, accelerating the process restoration, reduction of adaptation time (both to physical activity, and to changing environmental conditions), support of immunity and reduction of body fat, increase of explosive muscle strength and endurance, about prevention of overstrain, increase mental stability and performance. The product is suitable for use in both training and competitive periods of training an athlete.

The creation of this product allows you to expand the range of dry specialized protein products for athletes and people leading an active lifestyle.

Information sources

1. Product Guide. Cytodyne Technologies, USA. Methoxy-Pro, p.14, 15 (prototype).

Claims (3)

1. A specialized protein product for the nutrition of athletes and people leading an active lifestyle, including whey protein concentrate, amino acids L-arginine and L-glutamine, a complex of vegetable dietary fiber - fructooligosaccharides and gum arabic, vitamin and mineral premixes, flavoring and aromatic additives in the following the ratio of components, wt.%:
Whey Protein Concentrate 73 ÷ 80 L-glutamine 6 ÷ 8 L-arginine 4 ÷ 5 Fructooligosaccharides and Gum Arabic 6 ÷ 8 Vitamin Premix 0.12 ÷ 0.15 Mineral premix 2.02 ÷ 2.05 Flavoring additives 0.53 ÷ 0.57 Aromatic additives 0.3 ÷ 6.2 2. The product according to claim 1, characterized in that the content in the mixture of gum arabic and fructooligosaccharides is taken in the ratio by weight (40-60) :( 60-40). 3. The product according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is a granular powder with a moisture content of 3.0-7.0%.