RU2371696C1 - Method for running-in of diesel engine in diesel-generator plant of diesel locomotive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to running-in of diesel engine K6S310DR of diesel locomotive "ЧМЭ-3", equipped with, after major overhaul, steel-aluminium inserts of crankshaft bearings. Running-in modes are assigned - crankshaft rotation frequency and load value. Run-in completion parametre is selected at each mode of running-in. Diesel is started and heated at idle run until established coolant temperatures are achieved. The first mode of running-in is set. Run-in parametre value is monitored, and as it achieves the specified value, a transition to the next running-in mode is carried out. Run-in parametre is represented by time gaps required for stabilisation of wear process in tribosystems of diesel engine obtained in trial running-in. Load value at each running-in mode is assigned under conditions of constant relative part of engine capacity margin to its passport characteristic realised with a loading device in operation, and at nominal frequency of crankshaft rotation to rated power. At nominal frequency of crankshaft rotation, starting from capacity equal to 4/5 of the nominal value, after each mode of running-in, diesel engine loads are fully relieved, and diesel engine is maintained without load for 2-5 minutes.

EFFECT: improved run-in process, reduced running-in time and lower probability of burrs creation in diesel engine tribounits.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to the running-in of a diesel engine K6S310DR of a locomotive ČME-3, equipped with an overhaul of steel-aluminum bearings of the crankshaft.

There is a method of running-in of the mechanism, which consists in the fact that during a gradual stepwise increase in the load with decreasing speed, the running-in is carried out while maintaining a constant effective value of the realized part of the load capacity of the materials of the rubbing joints of the mechanism and introducing short-term partial unloadings at the final stages of running-in, which leads to running-in with a guaranteed margin load capacity of materials before seizing. In this case, the friction conditions in the running-in mates are characterized by a unidirectional change in the friction mode in the direction of relief with increasing load impact. When running in under such conditions, a dissipative surface layer is formed on the mating surfaces, characterized by a positive gradient of mechanical properties and a special stress state of the surfaces (see SU, ed. St. No. 1617171, F02B 79/00, 1990).

The disadvantages of this method are that partial unloading at the final stages of running-in does not provide for a complete load shedding, which translates tribo-conjugations into static friction mode. Short-term unloading is carried out only at the final stages of running-in, which is not sufficient.

The closest technical solution is the break-in method of the transport engine, in which, when the break-in is carried out in heavily loaded friction couplings of the engine, effective tribotechnical processes are implemented, which determine the formation of a dissipative layer characterized by a special stress state, a positive gradient of shear stress of materials in depth. This is achieved with a stepwise increase in the load with a decreasing size of the steps, when each increment of the braking power is assigned in such a way that a constant relative part of the power reserve is maintained up to the operational characteristic, and at the final stages of the run-in, up to the rated power (see SU, Patent No. 1776348, G01M 15/00, 1992).

In the known method, with a high degree of loading, more than half the rated braking power, the running-in does not always have time to pass, which sometimes leads to badass. For example, during the break-in of the K6S310DR diesel engine of the ChME-3 locomotive at a load close to the nominal, there is an increased failure of the pistons associated with the formation of seizures.

The technical result that can be obtained from the use of the invention is to improve the running-in process, shorten the break-in time and reduce the likelihood of formation of seizure of diesel tribo-mates.

The specified technical result is achieved in the method of running in a diesel engine of a diesel locomotive installation, which consists in setting the running conditions — the crankshaft rotation speed and the load value, choosing the run-in end parameter for each running-in mode, starting the diesel engine, warming it idling to the set values of coolant temperatures, set the first break-in mode, control the run-in parameter value and, when it reaches the set value, go to the next run-in mode, while the run-in parameter is the time intervals necessary to stabilize the wear process in the diesel tribosystems obtained during experimental run-in, and the load value for each run-in mode is determined from the conditions of constant relative part of the engine power reserve to its rated characteristic realized by the load the unit is in operation, and at the rated speed of the crankshaft, up to the rated power, and at the rated speed of the crankshaft, ince power equal to 4/5 of the rated after each running mode is performed on the full load diesel discharges and endurance without load for 2-5 min.

The increment of the load at each subsequent break-in mode is carried out with equal or decreasing step size.

The introduction of short-term diesel stops allows you to implement a rigid short-term mode of mixed lubrication, which accelerates the running-in process and creates a soft surface layer.

The table shows the modes of running in and adjusting the diesel generator set, supported in accordance with the proposed method of running in the diesel of the diesel generator set of the locomotive.

The drawing shows a graph of changes in power on the bench during the running tests, where the abscissa shows time (hour); ordinate load (kW).

In the claimed method of running in a diesel engine, short-term full load sheddings, instead of partial diesel unloading, ensure the operation of tribological couplings in the static friction mode, which improves the running-in process at the final heavily loaded run-in steps, while creating secondary structures on the friction surfaces characterized by a positive shear stress gradient. It is possible to get the running-in tribosystems (bearing-crankshaft, cylinder-piston group) for a shorter break-in period, fuel and oil consumption is reduced.

Table No.
p / p Controller handle position Diesel engine rotational speed, rpm Power at the stand, kW Power on a locomotive, kW Current, A Voltage V Break-in time, min one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 one 0 340-355 - - - - 60 Stop for diesel inspection, flushing regulator filter 2 0 340-355 - - - - 10 3 2 410-430 one hundred 70-80 1000 one hundred 10 four four 450-470 200 170-180 1000 200 10 5 5 500-520 300 250-270 1000 300 10 6 5 500-520 350 300-320 1000 350 10 7 6 550-570 400 340-360 1140 350 fifteen 8 6 550-570 450 390-410 1200 375 fifteen 10 0-8 / 9 * 340-760 - - - - 10 Stop for inspection of a diesel engine, flushing the oil coarse filter, regulator filter, replacing technological nozzles, checking the tightness of the nuts for fastening the cylinder covers, checking the adjustment of the clearance in the valves eleven 0 340-355 - - - - 10 12 2 410-430 one hundred 70-80 1000 one hundred 10 13 four 450-470 200 170-180 1000 200 10 fourteen 5 500-520 300 250-270 1000 300 10 fifteen 5 500-520 350 300-320 1000 350 10

one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 16 6 550-570 400 340-360 1140 350 fifteen 17 6 550-570 450 390-410 1200 375 fifteen Stop to adjust P _Z ; t °; diesel inspection eighteen 0-2 340-390 - - - - 5 19 2 410-430 one hundred 70-80 1000 one hundred 5 twenty four 450-470 200 170-180 1000 200 5 21 5 500-520 300 250-270 1000 300 5 22 5 500-520 350 300-320 1000 350 5 23 6 550-570 400 340-360 1140 350 10 24 6 550-570 450 390-410 1200 375 10 25 550-570 500 440-470 1250 400 10 26 7 650-670 550 490-510 1290 425 10 27 7 650-670 600 570-580 1410 425 fifteen 28 8 740-760 650 590-610 1480 440 fifteen 29th 8 740-760 700 640-660 1590 440 twenty thirty 8/9 740-760 750 740-760 1630 460 twenty Stop as necessary to adjust P _Z ; t ° 31 0-3 340-430 - - - - 5 32 four 450-470 200 170-180 1000 200 5 33 6 550-570 400 340-360 1140 350 5 34 7 650-670 600 570-580 1410 425 5 35 8 740-760 700 640-660 1590 440 5 36 8/9 740-760 750 740-760 1630 460 5 37 8/9 740-760 0 - - - 5 38 8 740-760 800 740-760 1750 460 10

one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 39 8/9 740-760 0 - - - 0 40 8/9 740-760 850 740-760 1800 470 10 41 8/9 740-760 0 - - - 10 42 8/9 740-760 900 840-890 1800 500 fifteen 43 8/9 740-760 0 - - - 5 44 8/9 740-760 935 840-890 1850 505 fifteen 45 8/9 740-760 0 - - - 5 46 8/9 740-760 935 840-890 1850 505 fifteen 47 0-8 / 9 340-760 0-935 0-890 Slow increment Slow increment 10 9 hours * - Note: The handle of the controller is set to position No. 8 when using 8 position regulator; The handle of the controller is set to position No. 9 when using 9 position controller

Claims (2)

1. The method of running in a diesel of a diesel locomotive diesel generator set, which consists in setting the running-in modes - the crankshaft rotation speed and the load value, choosing the run-in end parameter for each running-in mode, starting the diesel engine, warming it idling to the set temperatures of the heat carriers , establish the first run-in mode, control the run-in parameter value and, when it reaches the set value, switch to the next run-in mode, while The workings take the time intervals necessary to stabilize the wear process in the diesel tribosystems obtained during the experimental run-in, and the load value for each run-in mode is prescribed from the conditions of the relative relative part of the engine power reserve to its nameplate characteristics realized by the load unit in operation, and at the rated frequency rotation of the crankshaft to rated power, characterized in that at a rated speed of rotation of the crankshaft, starting with a power equal to 4/5 nomi After each break-in mode, they carry out full load shedding on the diesel engine and hold without load for 2-5 minutes. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the load increment at each subsequent break-in mode is carried out with equal or decreasing step size.

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