RU2370095C1 - Method of broiler chicken productivity increase - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the method of poultry feeding. The method comprises all-mash feeding; containing 13.3 MJ of available energy in 1 kg, differing in that feeding is carried out continuously, with supplementary adding 0.93 mg chrome and 4.24 mg nickel per kg of food.

EFFECT: invention enables to increase broiler chicken productivity.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in the feeding of agricultural poultry (in particular broiler chickens).

A known method of increasing the productivity of broiler chickens by feeding compound feed containing 13.1-13.5 MJ of exchange energy together with highly dispersed powders of copper, zinc, iron and manganese (accounted for 75% of the total number of these elements in the compound feed) (Le Viet Fyong. The use of highly dispersed powders of iron, copper, manganese, zinc in broiler chicken premixes. - Abstract of thesis ... candidate of agricultural sciences. - Moscow, 2005. - 19 p.).

The disadvantage of this method is the short duration of the effect of increasing the gain in live weight, because a significant increase in live weight in experimental broiler chickens was observed only at the age of 4 weeks and was relatively small (3.07%).

The technical result is an increase in the productivity of broiler chickens.

The problem is solved in that in the known method of increasing the productivity of broiler chickens, including feeding compound feed containing 13.3 MJ of exchange energy per 1 kg, feeding is carried out continuously with the additional inclusion of 0.93 mg of chromium and 4.24 mg of nickel per kg of feed .

Research consisted of two phases. During the first phase, the influence of the level of metabolic energy of the diet on the content of chemical elements in the body of broiler chickens was determined. For this purpose, in the conditions of the experimental biological clinic (vivarium) of Orenburg State University, 90 broilers of the final cross-country Smena-4 were selected, which at the age of fourteen were divided by the method of analogues into 3 groups (n = 30). The duration of the experiment was 5 weeks. The chickens of the control group received the main diet containing 11.9 MJ of feed exchange energy, the first experimental diet with an increase in the amount of metabolic energy to 13.3 MJ, the second experimental one with a decrease in the content of metabolic energy to 10.7 MJ. The change in the level of metabolic energy was achieved by the inclusion in the diet of various amounts of sunflower oil. The amount of exchange energy of feed in all groups was consistent with the recommendations of VNITIP (1990). The nutrient content in the feed corresponded to the recommendations of VNITIP (Guide to the technology and selection of cross "Smena". - Zagorsk, 1990. - 47 p.). Experienced poultry was fed 2 times a day, watering was plenty.

At the end of the experiment, a control slaughter of the experimental bird was carried out. In the biosubstrates obtained during slaughter (tissue of the bone, central nervous system, muscle tissue, skin, internal organs, feather), the content of chemical elements was determined.

Sample preparation was carried out by microwave decomposition on a Multiwave 3000 instrument (A.Paar). Determination of the content of chemical elements in biosubstrates was carried out by atomic emission spectrometry (AES-ICP) and mass spectrometry with inductively coupled argon plasma (MS-ICP) (Onishchenko G.G., Shestopalov N.V. Modern analysis methods and equipment in sanitary-hygienic research. - M .: FSUE "Intersen", 1999. - P.496) on Optima 2000DV and ELAN 9000 devices (Perkin Elmer, USA) in the laboratory of the Center for Biotic Medicine ANO, Moscow (GSEN accreditation certificate .RU. ЦСОА.311, registration number in the state register ROSS RU. 0001.513118 from 29 ma 2003). The results were statistically processed using a personal computer, while the arithmetic mean value, the arithmetic mean error and the standard deviation were determined. To identify statistically significant (significant) differences, Student's criterion was used. The differences were considered significant when the probability of error was no higher than 5% (P <0.05). (Lakin G.F. Biometrics. - M.: Higher school, 1990. - 352 p.)

During the studies, significant (P≤0.05) changes in the content of chemical elements in the body of the experimental bird were established (table 1).

Table 1
The mineral content in the body of experimental broiler chickens at the end of the experiment, mg / kg Element Groups control I experienced II experienced With 0.03 ± 0.0015 0.02 ± 0.001 ^a 0.03 ± 0.0015 Cr 0.71 ± 0.002 0.64 ± 0.0001 ^a 0.46 ± 0.00 ^a Cu 0.89 ± 0.008 0.53 ± 0.0009 ^a 0.52 ± 0.002 ^a Fe 32.8 ± 0.37 34.6 ± 0.38 ^a 31.4 ± 0.55 Ni 0.58 ± 0.029 0.43 ± 0.024 ^a 0.61 ± 0.03 Zn 25.9 ± 0.31 20.7 ± 0.29 ^a 27.9 ± 0.54 ^a Si 1.62 ± 0.002 1.86 ± 0.0001 ^a 2.63 ± 0.04 ^a Note: a-P≤0.05

An analysis of the data showed that the intensive growth of broiler chickens in the first experimental group receiving food containing 13.3 MJ of exchange energy per kg caused a decrease in the content of a number of vital elements. In particular, the cobalt content decreased by 33.3% (P≤0.05), copper - 40.4% (P≤0.05), zinc - 21.1% (P≤0.05), nickel - 25.9% (P≤0.05) and chromium - 9.9% (P≤0.05), relative to the control.

These changes were observed against the background of an increase in live weight of the experimental bird of the experimental group I by 13.6% (P≤0.05) and a decrease of 5.2% in the second experimental group relative to the control.

It is known that the currently recommended diets make up for the lack of minerals by introducing them in the form of premixes. Meanwhile, this is usually a small number of macro- and microelements and is not limited by a number of other vital chemical elements. The results of the studies revealed a decrease in the body of the bird receiving a feed containing 13.3 MJ in 1 kg of metabolic energy of such unlimited vital chemical elements (Skalny A.V., Rudakov I.A. Bioelements in medicine. - M. : Publishing house ONIX 21 Century: Mir, 2004. - 272 p.), Like chrome and nickel.

Based on the data obtained, it was hypothesized that when the content of the exchange energy level is 13.3 MJ / kg of feed corresponding to the upper limit of the recommended norms (VNITIP, 1990), filling the deficiency in these chemical elements will contribute to a more efficient use of the exchange energy and nutrients recommended rations.

In the second experiment, the nutrition of broiler chickens by minerals was adjusted depending on the energy status of the diets, which was verified in a scientific and production experiment. For this, 3 groups of fourteen-day broiler chickens were formed: one control and two experimental groups. The birds of the control group were fed with wheat-barley-based compound feeds developed in accordance with the recommendations of VNITIP (Guidance on technology and selection of cross-country “Smena”. - Zagorsk, 1990. - 47 p.). The bird of the experimental group I was on the main diet, normalized by minerals, according to the recommendations of VNITIP (1990), II experimental - on the main diet, normalized by minerals, according to the recommendations of VNITIP (1990) with an additional inclusion of 0.93 mg Cr and 4, 24 mg Ni per kg of feed. The experimental bird was weighed weekly.

According to the results of the experiment, it was found that the inclusion of an additional amount of chromium and nickel contributed to an increase in live weight of the experimental bird by 19.4% (P≤0.05) relative to the control group and by 9.3%, relative to the experimental group (table 2).

table 2
Live weight of the experimental bird at the beginning and end of the experiment, g Indicator Group control I experienced II experienced Live weight at the beginning of the experiment 219.0 ± 9.4 219.2 ± 12.7 214.8 ± 8.0 Live weight at the end of the experiment 2300.8 ± 80.6 2513.4 ± 95.1 2747.2 ± 110.3 ^a Note: * a-P≤0.05

The data obtained show that the inclusion of chromium and nickel in poultry feed at the indicated dosages makes it possible to compensate for their deficiency in the body, which arose against the background of intensive growth due to the high content of metabolic energy, which in turn allows increasing the productivity of broiler chickens.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the productivity of broiler chickens, including feeding compound feed containing 13.3 MJ of exchange energy per 1 kg, characterized in that feeding is carried out continuously, with the additional inclusion of 0.93 mg of chromium and 4.24 mg of nickel per kg of feed.