RU2368793C1 - Heat-pipe jet engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: heat-pipe jet engine relates to power engineering and can be used to recover secondary and natural thermal resources, particularly to convert thermal power into mechanical power. Proposed engine comprises housing coated with wick from inside and plugged by a bush, evaporator chamber in contact with hot medium, closure with inlet hole, condensation chamber incorporating rod with valve and staying in contact with cold medium. Portion of the housing outer surface is coated with bellows in the area of condensation chamber. Lower end face wall edges are jointed to the edge of inner board of circular reservoir with its outer board edge being rigidly jointed to the bellows lower edge. Reservoir outer board center is connected to working member. Spaces between bellows and housing, as well as condensation chamber vapor space are intercommunicated via branch pipes passing the openings of the bush, wick and housing.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability.

3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to power engineering and can be used for the disposal of secondary thermal energy and low potential thermal energy of natural sources, namely, the transformation of thermal energy into mechanical.

A device (heat engine) for heat recovery of a fire-fighting unit is known, comprising a steam generator (evaporation chamber) connected in series to each other, connected to a fire-fighting unit (hot medium), a power turbine placed in a housing (working chamber), a condenser (evaporation chamber), and a feed pump, heater and air heat exchanger (Autost. St. USSR No. 769038, IPC F01K 17/06, 1980).

The disadvantages of the known device (heat engine) are the inability to utilize low-potential secondary thermal energy resources, the heat resources of natural sources, the bulkiness of the structure, the inability to create reciprocating motion, which narrows its scope and reduces efficiency.

Closer to the proposed invention is a heatpipe engine containing placed in one casing: an evaporation chamber coated inside with a wick, the end wall of which inside is covered with strips of porous material, and in contact with a hot medium, separated from it by an adiabatic-isentropic chamber filled with a wick in which a housing is placed with a power turbine located in it, mounted on a shaft with a feed pump, an annular tank, and a condensation chamber, also internally covered with a wick , which is a continuation of the wick of the evaporation chamber, and which is in contact with a cold environment (RF Patent No. 2287709, IPC F01K 25/00, 2006).

The main disadvantages of the known heat pipe engine are the design complexity due to the presence of a power turbine with a rotating shaft and its sealing units and the difficulty of reciprocating the working body, which reduces its reliability and efficiency.

The technical result, the solution of which the invention is directed, is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the heat pipe engine.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the heat pipe reciprocating engine (TTDVPD) includes an evaporation chamber placed in one housing, covered with a wick from the inside, the upper end wall of which is covered with strips of porous material, and which is in contact with the hot medium, separated from it by a partition a condensation chamber, also internally covered with a wick, which is a continuation of the wick of the evaporation chamber, and which is in contact with a cold medium; moreover, the wick is covered with a sleeve installed with some clearance relative to the upper and lower end walls of the housing, the partition is provided with a central inlet, a rod with a valve is attached to the center of the end wall, a part of the outer surface of the housing, which forms the condensation chamber, is covered on the outside with a bellows rigidly attached to the body with its upper edge, the edges of the lower end wall are connected to the edge of the inner side of the annular tank, the edge of the outer side of which, in its Before rigidly connected to the lower edge of the bellows, and the center - with an outer rod connected to the working member (not shown in Figure 1); the cavity between the bellows and the housing and the vapor space of the condensation chamber communicate with each other through nozzles passing through the holes in the sleeve, wick and housing.

The basis of the proposed TTDVPD is the high efficiency of heat transfer in heat pipes, which are divided into three sections: the evaporation zone (heat supply), the adiabatic zone (heat transfer) and the condensation zone (heat removal), covered from the inside with a wick and partially filled with working fluid - heat carrier, which is used as water, alcohols, freons, liquid metals, etc. (Kharitonov V.V. et al. Secondary heat and energy resources and environmental protection. Minsk, Higher school, 1988, p. 106).

Figure 1-3 presents the proposed TTDVPD.

The reciprocating heatpipe engine consists of a housing 1, covered internally with a wick 2, covered in turn with a sleeve 3 mounted with some clearance relative to the upper 4 and lower 5 end walls of the housing 1, inside of which, in the direction of steam movement: 6, the inner surface of the end wall 4 of which is covered with strips of capillary material 7 connected to the wick 2. There is a partition 8 with a central inlet 9, a condensation chamber 10, inside of which the lower center end wall 5 is attached to the valve stem 11, 12 for closing and opening the inlet 9; moreover, the part of the outer surface of the housing 1, which forms the condensation chamber 10, is coated on the outside with a bellows 13 rigidly attached to it by its upper edge, the edges of the lower end wall 5 are connected to the edge of the inner side of the annular tank 14, the edge of the outer side of which, in turn, is rigidly connected with the lower edge of the bellows 13, and the center with the stem 15 connected to the working body (not shown in figure 1); the cavity between the bellows 13 and the housing 1 and the vapor space of the condensation chamber 10 communicate with each other through nozzles 16 passing through the holes in the sleeve 3, the wick 2 and the housing 1.

The basis of the proposed TTDVPD is the high efficiency of heat transfer in heat pipes, which are divided into three sections: the evaporation zone (heat supply), the adiabatic zone (heat transfer) and the condensation zone (heat removal), covered from the inside with a wick and partially filled with working fluid - heat carrier, which is used as water, alcohols, freons, liquid metals, etc. (Kharitonov V.V. et al. Secondary heat and energy resources and environmental protection. Minsk, Higher school, 1988, p. 106).

The proposed heat pipe engine reciprocating works as follows.

Prior to starting work, air is removed from the chambers 6 and 10 of the TTDVPD and the working fluid is pumped, which is selected depending on the temperature potential of cold and hot media (the nozzles for removing air and supplying working fluid are not shown in Fig. 1) in an amount sufficient to fill the pore volume of the wick 2 and the annular reservoir of the working fluid 14; after which the housing 1 TTDVPD is installed vertically so that the evaporation chamber 2 is in contact with the hot medium, and the condensation chamber 10 is in cold; the annular reservoir of the working fluid 14 was horizontal, and in the cold state, the valve 12 tightly closes the inlet 9. As a result of the heating of the end 4, the working fluid evaporates in the grooves between the strips of the porous material 7, which prevents the formation of a vapor film on the inner surface of the end and thus intensifies evaporation process (Heat pipes and heat exchangers: from science to practice. Collection of scientific papers. M., 1990). In this case, steam is formed, pressure is created in the evaporation chamber 2, which, acting on the surface of the valve 12, rigidly connected through the rod 11 and the end wall 5 with the elastic bellows 13, moves it down, as a result of which the inlet 9 opens and the resulting vapor enters the condensation chamber 10, and from there through the nozzles 16 into the cavity between the housing 1, the bellows 13, the pressure in which is equal to the pressure in the evaporation chamber 2, condenses there by contacting the outer surface of the end wall 5 and the bellows 13 with cold environment. As a result, the pressure in the chamber 10 drops, the bellows 13 is compressed, and the valve 12 blocks the inlet 9, after which the pressure begins to increase again in the evaporation chamber 6. At the same time, condensate formed due to gravity flows into the annular reservoir 14, from where it is absorbed by the pores of the wick 2, and under the influence of capillary forces, the adiabatically working fluid rises to the upper end wall 4, where it is absorbed by the strips of porous material 7, evaporates onto the surface of the grooves between them , and the cycle repeats. In this case, the immersion depth of the wick 2 in the condensate in the annular chamber 14 should ensure uninterrupted supply of the working fluid to the evaporation chamber 6 in the range of the bellows 13 stroke length, and the gap width between the end walls 4, 5 and the edges of the sleeve 3 should be the maximum flow rate of the working fluid entering an evaporation chamber 6, and condensate discharged from the chamber 10.

Thus, the proposed TTDVPD provides the possibility of obtaining mechanical energy by utilizing secondary thermal energy resources of various potentials (energy from waste water, exhaust gases, etc.), heat resources of natural sources (energy from the sun, water, etc.) in the form of reciprocating - translational motion.

Claims (1)

A heatpipe reciprocating engine, comprising, placed in one housing, an evaporation chamber covered from the inside with a wick, the upper end wall of which is covered with strips of porous material, and in contact with the hot medium, the condensation chamber separated from it by a partition, also covered from the inside wick, which is a continuation of the wick of the evaporation chamber, and in contact with a cold medium, characterized in that the wick is covered with a sleeve installed with some clearance In addition to the upper and lower end walls of the housing, the partition is provided with a central inlet, a rod with a valve is attached to the center of the end wall of the condensation chamber, a part of the outer surface of the housing forming the condensation chamber is covered on the outside with a bellows rigidly attached to the housing with its upper edge, and the edges of the lower the walls are connected to the edge of the inner side of the annular tank, the edge of the outer side of which, in turn, is rigidly connected to the lower edge of the bellows, and the center to the outer com connected with the working body, the cavity between the bellows and the housing and the vapor space of the condensation chamber communicate with each other through pipes passing through the holes in the sleeve, wick and housing.