RU2367154C1 - Sprayer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural engineering. The sprayer is a mobile unit, which comprises a utility tractor, pipes, a bar with sprayers, reservoir for working liquid and a power takeoff pump. A direct current generator is mounted on the tractor and is rotated by the power takeoff shaft of the tractor through a reduction gear. The direct current generator is electrically connected to a water electric activation device, hydraulically connected through a pump to the reservoir with working liquid. The water electric activation device is hydraulically connected to sprayers and flexible bars, mounted on an additional pipe, with nozzles which have openings at a tangent to the inner diametre of the nozzles and directed to the root zone of the plants. The nozzles are made from wear-resistant material and rest on the surface of the soil. In the electrical connection between the direct current generator and the water electric activation device, there is a potential switch.

EFFECT: use of the sprayer increases crop yield and resistance of plants to diseases and pests.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to mobile feed-spraying machines used for processing agricultural crops plants from pests and diseases, as well as for root tillage during the growing season of crops.

A known unit for small-sized spraying "Irtyshanka", containing placed on a mobile vehicle connected by a system highway control unit with a micro computer and a display unit of information; a hydraulic fluid container connected to the hydraulic line with the nebulizers located on the rod, a filter placed in the hydraulic line, and a pump, means for measuring the flow rate of the liquid and a flow rate regulator located in said line and connected to the control unit, in which said unit further comprises a control unit and an information display unit, a satellite navigation system unit, an additional pump installed in the hydraulic line, as well as tools mounted on the rod for monitoring the operation of the nebulizers and means for controlling the amount of the working solution supplied to the nebulizers (RU, patent No. 2231259, IPC ⁷ А01М 7/00, 06.27.2004).

The disadvantages of the described unit low-volume sprayer "Irtyshanka" include design complexity, low operational reliability, the inability to prepare a solution for spraying directly on the unit and limited functionality.

Also known is a sprayer containing a tank for pesticides, a suction filter, a pump, a pressure filter, a distributor-regulator, pressure lines for supplying the working fluid to the spraying working bodies, in which pressure lines supplying the working fluid to the spraying working bodies are provided with calibration inserts, and additional calibration inserts are installed in front of each working body, while the cross section of the inserts is determined by the formula

f _n = K _n · f _m , cm ² ,

where f _n is the cross section of the insert of the nth highway;

K _n - coefficient, which is determined by calculation, depending on the length of the line and local resistances K _n = (0.6 ÷ 0.9);

f _m - the cross section of the highway before insertion (RU, patent No. 2253229, IPC ⁷ A01M 7/00, 12/27/2004).

The disadvantages of this sprayer include the inability to perform simultaneous spraying of plants with a solution from diseases and pests, the preparation of the necessary solution on the sprayer, and the increase in the biological activity of the spray solution.

Known boom mounted sprayer OM-400, including a tractor, a reservoir for the working fluid, a piston pump driven by a tractor power take-off shaft, a boom with sprayers (NP Pronichev, Machine Operator's Manual: Textbook for the head of vocational education / Nikolai Pavlovich Pronichev. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2003 - 272 pp. - p. 130).

The disadvantages of the sprayer include the inability to prepare the solution directly on the sprayer, spraying plants with pesticides, which violates the ecological situation in the region, and applying the solution only on the leafy part of the plants. This sprayer is accepted by us as the closest analogue.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The task to which the invention is directed is to provide the possibility of processing crops from diseases and pests. crops with simultaneous processing of the root zone of plants and the preparation of the necessary solutions directly on the agricultural mobile unit.

The technical result is an increase in the yield of agricultural cultures and sustainability of agricultural plants to diseases and pests.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known sprayer, which is a mobile unit including a base tractor, a boom with sprayers, a reservoir for the working fluid, a pump driven by a power take-off shaft, according to the invention it is equipped with a direct current generator mounted on the tractor and receiving rotation drive from the tractor power take-off shaft through the gearbox, by an installation for electroactivation of water, while the DC generator is electrically connected to the installation for electroactive and water hydraulically connected by means of a pump with a reservoir for the working fluid, the installation for electroactivation of water is hydraulically connected to nozzles and flexible hoses with nozzles installed on an additional pipeline, having holes made tangentially to the inner diameter of the nozzle and directed to the root zone of plants, while the nozzles are made of wear-resistant material and rest on the soil surface, at the same time in electrical connection of the DC generator with the installation for electric troaktivatsii water provides a potential switch.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a sprayer, side view.

In Fig.2 - the same is a view A in Fig.1.

In Fig.3 - view B of the working bodies in Fig.1.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The sprayer includes a tractor 1, on the side members of which there are installed tanks 2 for the working fluid (water or water with dissolved fertilizers). For refueling of containers, an injector control mechanism 3 is provided.

On the tractor’s attachment 1, a DC generator 4 is mounted with a drive from the tractor’s PTO 1 and a potential switch 5, a unit for electroactivation of water 6, pump 7. The generator 4 and pump 7 are driven from the PTO via a gearbox. To drain the anolyte and catholyte from the installation for electroactivation of water, pipelines 8 are provided, which are hydraulically connected to the pipelines 9 and 10 of the rod. The pipeline 10 is equipped with nozzles 11, which are placed above the rows of plants. The pipeline 9 is equipped with flexible hoses 12 with nozzles 13. In this case, nozzles 13 are based on the soil surface and are made of wear-resistant material. The rod with pipelines 9 and 10 for supplying the activated solution to the plants is hinged and consists of sections 14, 15, sections are controlled through cable blocks 16 and hydraulic cylinders 17, 18.

To maintain the rod at a predetermined level relative to the surface of the earth, shock absorbers 19 are provided. An activated water solution is supplied to the root zone of plants through nozzles 13, which have openings 20 made along the tangent and inner diameter of the nozzle.

The holes 20 tangential to the inner diameter of the nozzle 13 provides a directed supply of activated water to the root zone of plants. The intake of the solution from the tanks 2 is carried out by the pump 7 through pipelines 21.

The sprayer works as follows.

Before starting work, the container 2 is filled with water or a fertilizer solution, while the injection unit is used through the control mechanism 3. In front of the field to be treated, the rod is brought into working position, with sections 14, 15 being installed in one line with the help of cable blocks 16 and hydraulic cylinders 17, 18. The sprayer leaves the field and is installed so that the sprayers 11 are located above the rows of plants, and the nozzles 13 between the rows, the generator 4 and pump 7 are turned on. The installation for electroactivation of water 6 activates the incoming solution from pump 7 and forms anolyte and catholyte, which are supplied through pipelines 8 to pipelines 9, 10 bars. At the same time, if it is necessary to increase the biological activity of the soil, the catholyte through the rubber pipe 12 is fed to the nozzle 13, which slides along the soil when the feed-sprayer moves. When the catholyte moves along the nozzle, the flow meets the nozzle wall 13, which ensures its vortex, and then the catholyte through the hole 20 is ejected into the root zone of plants by a vortex-like flow, which ensures the active development of the root system and increase yield. Anolyte is piped 10 to the nozzles 11, which form a drip mist that moistens the leafy part of the plants.

The influence of anolyte ensures the destruction of pathogenic microbes and pests, which creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants and increases productivity.

If it is necessary to destroy pathogens and pests in the root zone of the soil, the potential switch 5 is set to the position when the installation for electroactivation of water 6 delivers the anolyte to the pipe 9, and then through the hose 12 to the nozzle 13. In this case, the anolyte moistens the root zone of plants and destroys it pathogenic microbes and pests, which creates optimal conditions for the growth and development of plants, while productivity increases.

At the same time, the catholyte enters the pipeline 10 and is sprayed onto the leaf-stem part of the plants. Catholyte increases the biological activity of plants and their productivity.

Using the proposed design of the sprayer allows you to prepare the activated solution directly on a mobile sprayer, provides increased crop yields and plant resistance to diseases and pests.

Claims (1)

The sprayer, which is a mobile unit including a base tractor, a boom with sprayers, a reservoir for working fluid, pipelines, a pump driven by a power take-off shaft, characterized in that it is equipped with a direct current generator mounted on the tractor and receiving a rotation drive from the take-off shaft tractor power through a gearbox, an installation for electroactivation of water, while the DC generator is electrically connected to an installation for electroactivation of water hydraulically connected by means of a pump ca with a reservoir for the working fluid, the installation for electroactivation of water is hydraulically connected to the nozzles and flexible hoses with nozzles installed on an additional pipeline, having holes made tangentially to the inner diameter of the nozzle and directed into the root zone of the plants, while the nozzles are made of wear-resistant material and based on the surface of the soil, at the same time, in the electrical connection of the DC generator with the installation for the electroactivation of water, a sweat switch is provided the potentials.

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