RU2365498C1 - Device for moulding of products from loose dispersed materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of moulding of products and semi-finished products from different powdery and composite loose materials. Device for moulding of products from loose dispersed materials comprises frame, at least one forcing plate with working surface in the form of cone, drive that provides possibility for the plate to swing in circular motion around cone top, stabilising device that prevents displacement of processed powdery material into molded part of item, hopper. Each forcing plate is equipped with two leads, each of which is mounted hingedly with its one end on forcing plate on the opposite sides relative to cone axis, and with its second end on swung element fixed on frame.

EFFECT: elimination of wear and noise from hopper walls contact with forcing plate.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of molding products and semi-finished products from various powder and composite bulk materials and can be applied in various fields of industry and construction.

Bulk composite and powder materials are understood as soils, concrete mixtures, ceramic masses, refractory masses, foundry molding compositions, metal powders and the like.

A device for performing open non-equilibrium irreversible processes of self-organization during molding and compaction of granular media, containing a drive means for acting on the working agent entering the working position, characterized in that the driving means for acting on the working agent is made in the form of a platform mounted with the possibility of simultaneous longitudinal, lateral and vertical movement for the implementation of open irreversible continuous processing processes (patent No. 2085400, 10.29.93, B44C 1/24, 5 / 04, B44D 3/06).

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a device for molding products from granular dispersed materials, containing a frame, a drive, a stuffing element in the form of a pressure plate, a stabilizing element that prevents the displacement of the processed powder material from the mold, and a device for feeding material into the mold under the working surface of the plate, and the working surface of the plate is made in the form of a cone, and the plate is connected to the drive, providing the plate with the possibility of perfect circular swing around the top of the cone, and the device is made in the form of adjoining the plate with a gap and covering it along the contour of the walls of the hopper (RF patent No. 2175699, 05.05.2000, E01C 19/22, B28B 13/02, E02D 3/02).

The disadvantage of this device is that the walls of the hopper are adjacent to the discharge plate with a gap and cover it along the contour to keep the plate from joint rotation with the drive shaft. Such a device causes wear on the hopper and noise from the contact of the discharge plate with the walls of the hopper bounding it.

The basis of the invention is the creation of a device for molding products from granular dispersed materials, which eliminates wear and noise from the contact of the walls of the hopper with a discharge plate.

The problem is solved in that in the known device for molding products from granular dispersed materials containing a frame of at least one injection plate with a working surface in the form of a cone, a drive providing the plate with the possibility of making circular swing around the top of the cone, stabilizing device, preventing the displacement of the processed powdery material into the molded part of the product, and a hopper for feeding material into the mold under the working surface of the plate, each discharge plate is provided vumya leashes, each of which is pivotally mounted at one end on the pressurizing plate on opposite sides with respect to the cone axis and the second end on the rocker member secured to the frame.

In addition, the leashes are parallel to each other.

And also the fact that the leashes are the same length.

In addition, a hopper is used as a swing element.

And also by the fact that a lever is used as a swing element.

The problem is also solved by the fact that the hinges, by means of which the leads are fixed on the discharge plate, are located in one plane perpendicular to the axis of the cone, and the hinges, by which the leads are fixed on the swing element, are located in one plane, perpendicular to the axis, around which the circular swing occurs discharge plate.

The invention allows to process a wide range of materials, including soils, soil mixtures, concrete mixtures, ceramic masses, and can be used in the manufacture of various building products (slabs, blocks, racks, lintels, etc.), in the construction of the roadway, in the manufacture of refractory products , in the production of coal fuel briquettes, etc.

Figure 1 shows a device for molding products from bulk dispersed materials with one pumping cone, in which the pumped element is a hopper, front view. Figure 2 shows the same device, side view. Figure 3 shows a device in which the swing element is a lever.

In the drawings, the following notation:

1 - frame

2 - form

3 - drive

4 - pressure plate

5 - working surface in the form of a straight circular cone,

6 - stabilizing device

7 - hopper

8 - leash

9 - hinge on the discharge plate,

10 - hinge on the swing element,

11 - shaft

12 - eccentric,

13 - bearing

14 - lever.

A device for molding products from bulk dispersed materials (FIGS. 1 and 2), contains a frame 1, which can be mounted either on wheels to enable longitudinal movement of the device along the molded product, or stationary, and longitudinal movement along the molded product is carried out by moving form 2, drive 3, injection plate 4, the working surface of which is made, for example, by a straight circular cone 5, a stabilizing device 6, which prevents the displacement of the processed powder material from the mold, made, for example, in the form of a flat plate, and a hopper 7, which serves to feed the material into the mold under the working surface of the plate, to which the walls of the hopper adjoin with a gap, as well as two leashes 8 parallel to the same length, which prevent the rotation of the discharge plate 4. Each leash is fixed at one end by means of hinges 9 on the discharge plate, and the second end by means of hinges 10 on the swing element, which is used as a hopper 7, mounted on the frame 1 with the possibility of swinging.

The leads 8 on the discharge plate 4 are mounted so that their fixing points are located on different sides from the axis of the cone 5.

In this case, the hinges 9, by means of which the leads 8 are mounted on the discharge plate 4, are located in one plane perpendicular to the axis of the cone 5, and the hinges 10, by which the leads 8 are mounted on the hopper 7, are located in one plane perpendicular to the axis around which the circular pumping plate swing 4.

The circular swing mechanism of the pressure plate 4 around the top of the cone 5 can be made, for example, in the form of a shaft 11 connected to the drive 3, on which an eccentric 12 is mounted with an inclination with respect to the axis of the shaft 11. A pressure plate 4 is mounted on the eccentric by bearings 13. this pressure plate 4 is installed so that the top of the cone 5 coincides with the point of intersection of the axis of rotation of the shaft 11 with the axis of the eccentric 12.

In a particular case, the working surface of the cone 5 is made so that during circular swing of the plate 4, the generatrices of the cone 5 coincide in one of the extreme positions with the plane of the upper surface of the molded product.

The stabilizing device 6 is connected to the hopper 7, while the surface in contact with the processed material coincides with the design surface of the molded product.

The presence of gaps between the walls of the hopper 7 and the discharge plate 4 provides unhindered circular swing of the discharge plate 4.

The embodiment of the device (Fig. 3) differs from the above in that the swing element is a lever 14. The lever 14 is mounted on the frame 1 and can swing from the movement of the discharge plate 4, which is transmitted by the leashes 8. Similar to the above-described diagram, the hinges 10, by which the leashes 8 are fixed on the lever 14, are located in one plane perpendicular to the axis around which the oscillating plate 4 is rotated circularly.

If the device is equipped with several discharge plates mounted in a row, then one injection plate by means of parallel leads of the same length can be connected to a hopper mounted on the frame with the possibility of swinging, and the other discharge plates are connected by two leads each with its own lever. The levers are likewise mounted on the frame.

The device operates as follows.

The device is installed at the beginning of the molded product, which can be manufactured in mold 2, or in another shaping device. If the product is molded in separate forms, then the device or form 2 is installed relative to each other so that the front transverse side of the form is under the plate of the stabilizing device 6 from the side adjacent to it of the injection plate 4.

The drive 3 is turned on, which drives the shaft 11 with the eccentric 12 fixed on it. At the same time, the pressure plate 4 mounted on the eccentric 12 rotates without rotation. Leashes 8, fixed on both sides of the axis of the cone, coinciding with the axis of rotation, block the possibility of rotation of the plate on the eccentric 12, but do not impede the circular swing of the plate 4, as they are connected to a movably fixed hopper 7, which swings together with the leashes.

If the leads 8 are not parallel to each other, have different lengths, then the pressure plate 4 during a circular swing will perform torsional vibrations on the eccentric 12. In this case, the difference in lengths and non-parallelism should not exceed the value at which the torsional vibrations of the pressure plate 4 would cause the contact of the latter with the walls of the hopper 7.

Following the inclusion of the drive 3, the material is fed into the hopper 7, from where the material falls under the working surface 5 of the pressure plate 4 when it is lifted. Performing a circular swing, the injection plate with its working surface 5, which alternately rises and falls, pumps (presses) into the mold 2 the moldable material falling under it.

Upon reaching the moment of backward bulging in front of the injection plate 4 and above the level of the upper surface of the molded product, the device is moved, continuing to feed material, relative to form 2, or form 2 relative to the device in the direction of the unfilled part of the form until it is completely filled and the plate 4 leaves the limits of form 2. In this case, the movement of the device or mold 2 is carried out only while maintaining the reverse extrusion of the moldable material in front of the injection plate 4. After the plate 4 leaves the mold, the molding process products ends.

The operation of the device in which the movable element is a lever is carried out similarly to the above. With a circular swing pressure plate 4, connected to the lever 14 by means of two parallel leads 8, carries him into oscillatory motion. In this case, the pressure plate 4 performs a circular swing without rotation on the eccentric 12 due to the fact that the leashes fixed on both sides of the axis of the cone, coinciding with the axis of rotation, block the possibility of rotation of the plate on the eccentric, but do not prevent the circular swing of the plate.

The operation of the device with several pressure plates is characterized in that the movement of the device relative to the form or shape relative to the device is subject to the presence of reverse extrusion of the material being formed in front of all the pressure plates.

Claims (6)

1. Device for molding products from bulk dispersed materials, containing a frame, at least one injection plate with a working surface in the form of a cone, a drive that provides the plate with the possibility of making a circular swing around the top of the cone, a stabilizing device that prevents the displacement of the processed powder material in the molded part of the product, and a hopper for feeding material into the mold under the working surface of the plate, characterized in that each injection plate is equipped with two leads, each of otorrhea pivotally mounted at one end on the pressurizing plate on opposite sides with respect to the cone axis and the second end - on the rocker member secured to the frame. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper is used as a pumped element. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a lever used as a swing element. 4. The device according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the hinges by means of which the leads are mounted on the discharge plate are located in one plane perpendicular to the axis of the cone, and the hinges by which the leads are mounted on the swing element are located in one plane perpendicular to the axis around which there is a circular swing of the discharge plate. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the leads are parallel to each other. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the leashes have the same length.

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